The analysis and the design of turbojet engines are of great importance to the improvement of the system performance.Many researchers focus on these topics,and many important and interesting results have been obtained...The analysis and the design of turbojet engines are of great importance to the improvement of the system performance.Many researchers focus on these topics,and many important and interesting results have been obtained.In this paper,the thermodynamic cycle in a turbojet engine is analyzed with the entransy theory and the T-Q diagram.The ideal thermodynamic cycle in which there is no inner irreversibility is analyzed,as well as the influences from some inner irreversible factors,such as the heat transfer process,the change of the component of the working fluid and the viscosity of the working fluid.For the discussed cases,it is shown that larger entransy loss rate always results in larger output power,while smaller entropy generation rate does not always.The corresponding T-Q diagrams are also presented,with which the change tendencies of the entransy loss rate and the output power can be shown very intuitively.It is shown that the entransy theory is applicable for analyzing the inner irreversible thermodynamic cycles discussed in this paper.Compared with the concept of entropy generation,the concept of entransy loss and the corresponding T-Q diagram are more suitable for describing the change of the output power of the analyzed turbojet engine no matter if the inner irreversible factors are considered.展开更多
Gas-turbines are widely used to power aero planes because they are light,compact with a high power-to-weight ratio.In the turbo jet engine,the main operating variables are:compressor pressure ratio rp and turbine inle...Gas-turbines are widely used to power aero planes because they are light,compact with a high power-to-weight ratio.In the turbo jet engine,the main operating variables are:compressor pressure ratio rp and turbine inlet temperature(TIT).These variables affect the specific thrust and specific fuel consumption(SFC),which represent the main performance parameters.In addition to the analytical work,a computer program of the General Algebraic Modeling System(GAMS)was used for analysis and optimization.The analysis shows that the specific thrust strongly depends on turbine inlet temperature(TIT),where a 10%decrease in TIT results in 6.7%decrease in specific thrust and 6.8%decrease in SFC.Furthermore,the value of optimum pressure ratio rf for maximum specific thrust increases with TIT.A 10%decrease from design TIT results in 11.43%decrease in rf.The value of optimum pressure ratio for the turbojet engine operating at Ma=0.8 and altitude Alt=13000 m,and TIT=1700 K was found to be 14.&2015 National Laboratory for Aeronautics and Astronautics.Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.展开更多
An improved safety analysis based on the causality diagram for the complex system of micro aero-engines is presented.The study is examined by using the causality diagram in analytical failure cases due to rupture or p...An improved safety analysis based on the causality diagram for the complex system of micro aero-engines is presented.The study is examined by using the causality diagram in analytical failure cases due to rupture or pentration in the receiver of micro turbojet engine casing,and the comparisons are also made with the results from the traditional fault tree analysis.Experimental results show two main advantages：（1）Quantitative analysis which is more reliable for the failure analysis in jet engines can be produced by the causality diagram analysis;（2）Graphical representation of causality diagram is easier to apply in real test cases and more effective for the safety assessment.展开更多
Iterative coupled methods are widely used in multi-fidelity simulation of rotating components due to the simple implementation,which iteratively eliminates the errors between the computational fluid dynamics models an...Iterative coupled methods are widely used in multi-fidelity simulation of rotating components due to the simple implementation,which iteratively eliminates the errors between the computational fluid dynamics models and approximate characteristic maps.However,the convergence and accuracy of the iterative coupled method are trapped in characteristic maps.In particular,iterative steps increase sharply as the operation point moves away from the design point.To address these problems,this paper developed an auxiliary iterative coupled method that introduces the static-pressure-auxiliary characteristic maps and modification factor of mass flow into the component-level model.The developed auxiliary method realized the direct transfer of static pressure between the high-fidelity models and the component-level model.Multi-fidelity simulations of the throttle characteristics were carried out using both the auxiliary and traditional iterative coupled methods,and the simulation results were verified using the experimental data.Additionally,the consistency between the auxiliary and traditional iterative coupled methods was confirmed.Subsequently,multi-fidelity simulations of the speed and altitude characteristics were also conducted.The auxiliary and traditional iterative coupled methods were evaluated in terms of convergence speed and accuracy.The evaluation indicated that the auxiliary iterative coupled method significantly reduces iterative steps by approximately 50%at the near-choked state.In general,the auxiliary iterative coupled method is preferred as a development of the traditional iterative coupled method in the near-choked state,and the combined auxiliary-traditional iterative coupled method provides support for successful multi-fidelity simulation in far-off-design conditions.展开更多
An effect of the swirling flow on the combustion performance is studied by the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) in a micro-gas turbine with a centrifugal compressor, dump diffuser and forward-flow combustor. The dist...An effect of the swirling flow on the combustion performance is studied by the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) in a micro-gas turbine with a centrifugal compressor, dump diffuser and forward-flow combustor. The distributions of air mass and the Temperature Pattern Factor(as: Overall Temperature Distribution Factor-OTDF) in outlet are investigated with two different swirling angles of compressed air as 0° and 15° in three combustors. The results show that the influences of swirling flow on the air distribution and OTDF cannot be neglected. Compared with no-swirling flow, the air through outer liner is more, and the air through the inner liner is less, and the pressure loss is bigger under the swirling condition in the same combustor. The Temperature Pattern Factor changes under the different swirling conditions.展开更多
The problem of analysis and synthesis of robust control is addressed in this work. The approach transferring the robust control design into Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) is provided. The LMI standard structure of rob...The problem of analysis and synthesis of robust control is addressed in this work. The approach transferring the robust control design into Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) is provided. The LMI standard structure of robust controller is also given and the controller is obtained through solving three LMIs. As an example, a robust control law is designed to the twin-spool turbojet engine system using the given approach. The result shows that LMI approach is feasible.展开更多
A new simulation strategy is proposed for the starting process of missile turbojet engine windmill. The starting process of windmill before ignition is simulated using a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) , ...A new simulation strategy is proposed for the starting process of missile turbojet engine windmill. The starting process of windmill before ignition is simulated using a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) , and the acceleration process after ignition which model is a set of nonlinear equations is solved using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The introduction of PSO helped to tackle the problem of divergence caused by traditional iteration methods. The calculated result is in a great agreement with test data, which shows that the presented model has a high accuracy. The starting processes are simulated at different ignition times, and the results are analyzed synthetically. The analysis shows how the ignition time affects the starting performance of engine windmill. The method offers a useful tool for ignition time optimization as well as engine starting performance analysis.展开更多
A monitoring and comparison experiment with two types of sensors on a turbojet engine is carried out. Compared with a probe-typed sensor,which is designed successfully before,signals are collected to verify the validi...A monitoring and comparison experiment with two types of sensors on a turbojet engine is carried out. Compared with a probe-typed sensor,which is designed successfully before,signals are collected to verify the validity and better feasibility of the circular sensor.According to the signals monitored over 131h,the typical signals of 125—129 phases are analyzed.The results show that the unusual exhaust particles are carbon depositions from fuel spray nozzle.Therefore,with the electrostatic sensor,early warning can be provided for initial fault condition, as well as real-time reference for the condition-based maintenance.展开更多
In this study, exergy dynamic and advanced exergy analyses are applied to theturbojet engine to assess its mexogenous, endogenous, exogenous, avoidable and unavoidableexergies under the environment conditions of 15 ...In this study, exergy dynamic and advanced exergy analyses are applied to theturbojet engine to assess its mexogenous, endogenous, exogenous, avoidable and unavoidableexergies under the environment conditions of 15 C temperature and 1 bar pressure. Themaximum exergy point in the turbojet engine is found for the combustor in which C11H23(Jet-A1) fuel is combusted with air, while the minimum one is determined for the aircompressor head where the free air enters. The combustion chamber has the maximum fuel,product and irreversibility rates and the air compressor has the minimum fuel and product ex-ergy values, while the minimum irreversibility is found for the turbine. Maximum improvementpotential rate is found for the combustion chamber (5141.27 kW), while minimum rate is deter-mined for the turbine of system (6.95 kW). Also, the turbine component has the highest exergyefficiency (97.20%) due to its expansion process, while combustion chamber component hasthe lowest exergy efficiency (55.39%) due to low efficient combustion process of the fuel.Furthermore, the mexogenous exergy destructions from maximum to minimum are found for the combustion chamber, air compressor and gas turbine units, respectively. Considering exergydynamic analysis, the mexogenous exergy destruction rates of the combustion chamber, aircompressor and gas turbine are found as 184.4 kW, 103.97 kW and 9.99 kW, respectively.Considering all results, the combustion chamber is the primer component to be handled for bet-ter efficiency and improvement.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51376101&51356001)
文摘The analysis and the design of turbojet engines are of great importance to the improvement of the system performance.Many researchers focus on these topics,and many important and interesting results have been obtained.In this paper,the thermodynamic cycle in a turbojet engine is analyzed with the entransy theory and the T-Q diagram.The ideal thermodynamic cycle in which there is no inner irreversibility is analyzed,as well as the influences from some inner irreversible factors,such as the heat transfer process,the change of the component of the working fluid and the viscosity of the working fluid.For the discussed cases,it is shown that larger entransy loss rate always results in larger output power,while smaller entropy generation rate does not always.The corresponding T-Q diagrams are also presented,with which the change tendencies of the entransy loss rate and the output power can be shown very intuitively.It is shown that the entransy theory is applicable for analyzing the inner irreversible thermodynamic cycles discussed in this paper.Compared with the concept of entropy generation,the concept of entransy loss and the corresponding T-Q diagram are more suitable for describing the change of the output power of the analyzed turbojet engine no matter if the inner irreversible factors are considered.
文摘Gas-turbines are widely used to power aero planes because they are light,compact with a high power-to-weight ratio.In the turbo jet engine,the main operating variables are:compressor pressure ratio rp and turbine inlet temperature(TIT).These variables affect the specific thrust and specific fuel consumption(SFC),which represent the main performance parameters.In addition to the analytical work,a computer program of the General Algebraic Modeling System(GAMS)was used for analysis and optimization.The analysis shows that the specific thrust strongly depends on turbine inlet temperature(TIT),where a 10%decrease in TIT results in 6.7%decrease in specific thrust and 6.8%decrease in SFC.Furthermore,the value of optimum pressure ratio rf for maximum specific thrust increases with TIT.A 10%decrease from design TIT results in 11.43%decrease in rf.The value of optimum pressure ratio for the turbojet engine operating at Ma=0.8 and altitude Alt=13000 m,and TIT=1700 K was found to be 14.&2015 National Laboratory for Aeronautics and Astronautics.Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.
文摘An improved safety analysis based on the causality diagram for the complex system of micro aero-engines is presented.The study is examined by using the causality diagram in analytical failure cases due to rupture or pentration in the receiver of micro turbojet engine casing,and the comparisons are also made with the results from the traditional fault tree analysis.Experimental results show two main advantages：（1）Quantitative analysis which is more reliable for the failure analysis in jet engines can be produced by the causality diagram analysis;（2）Graphical representation of causality diagram is easier to apply in real test cases and more effective for the safety assessment.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Innovation Committee Foundation of Shenzhen,China(Nos.JCYJ20200109141403840 and ZDSYS20220527171405012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52106045)the Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program,China(No.2019CX01Z084)。
文摘Iterative coupled methods are widely used in multi-fidelity simulation of rotating components due to the simple implementation,which iteratively eliminates the errors between the computational fluid dynamics models and approximate characteristic maps.However,the convergence and accuracy of the iterative coupled method are trapped in characteristic maps.In particular,iterative steps increase sharply as the operation point moves away from the design point.To address these problems,this paper developed an auxiliary iterative coupled method that introduces the static-pressure-auxiliary characteristic maps and modification factor of mass flow into the component-level model.The developed auxiliary method realized the direct transfer of static pressure between the high-fidelity models and the component-level model.Multi-fidelity simulations of the throttle characteristics were carried out using both the auxiliary and traditional iterative coupled methods,and the simulation results were verified using the experimental data.Additionally,the consistency between the auxiliary and traditional iterative coupled methods was confirmed.Subsequently,multi-fidelity simulations of the speed and altitude characteristics were also conducted.The auxiliary and traditional iterative coupled methods were evaluated in terms of convergence speed and accuracy.The evaluation indicated that the auxiliary iterative coupled method significantly reduces iterative steps by approximately 50%at the near-choked state.In general,the auxiliary iterative coupled method is preferred as a development of the traditional iterative coupled method in the near-choked state,and the combined auxiliary-traditional iterative coupled method provides support for successful multi-fidelity simulation in far-off-design conditions.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China with project No.51406202
文摘An effect of the swirling flow on the combustion performance is studied by the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) in a micro-gas turbine with a centrifugal compressor, dump diffuser and forward-flow combustor. The distributions of air mass and the Temperature Pattern Factor(as: Overall Temperature Distribution Factor-OTDF) in outlet are investigated with two different swirling angles of compressed air as 0° and 15° in three combustors. The results show that the influences of swirling flow on the air distribution and OTDF cannot be neglected. Compared with no-swirling flow, the air through outer liner is more, and the air through the inner liner is less, and the pressure loss is bigger under the swirling condition in the same combustor. The Temperature Pattern Factor changes under the different swirling conditions.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China! ( 6 98740 3 2 )The Youth Teacher Foundation of NPU
文摘The problem of analysis and synthesis of robust control is addressed in this work. The approach transferring the robust control design into Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) is provided. The LMI standard structure of robust controller is also given and the controller is obtained through solving three LMIs. As an example, a robust control law is designed to the twin-spool turbojet engine system using the given approach. The result shows that LMI approach is feasible.
基金Sponsored by the National Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(20095584006)
文摘A new simulation strategy is proposed for the starting process of missile turbojet engine windmill. The starting process of windmill before ignition is simulated using a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) , and the acceleration process after ignition which model is a set of nonlinear equations is solved using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The introduction of PSO helped to tackle the problem of divergence caused by traditional iteration methods. The calculated result is in a great agreement with test data, which shows that the presented model has a high accuracy. The starting processes are simulated at different ignition times, and the results are analyzed synthetically. The analysis shows how the ignition time affects the starting performance of engine windmill. The method offers a useful tool for ignition time optimization as well as engine starting performance analysis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60939003,61079013)the Natural Science Fund Project in Jiangsu Province(BK2011737)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(NS2012059)
文摘A monitoring and comparison experiment with two types of sensors on a turbojet engine is carried out. Compared with a probe-typed sensor,which is designed successfully before,signals are collected to verify the validity and better feasibility of the circular sensor.According to the signals monitored over 131h,the typical signals of 125—129 phases are analyzed.The results show that the unusual exhaust particles are carbon depositions from fuel spray nozzle.Therefore,with the electrostatic sensor,early warning can be provided for initial fault condition, as well as real-time reference for the condition-based maintenance.
文摘In this study, exergy dynamic and advanced exergy analyses are applied to theturbojet engine to assess its mexogenous, endogenous, exogenous, avoidable and unavoidableexergies under the environment conditions of 15 C temperature and 1 bar pressure. Themaximum exergy point in the turbojet engine is found for the combustor in which C11H23(Jet-A1) fuel is combusted with air, while the minimum one is determined for the aircompressor head where the free air enters. The combustion chamber has the maximum fuel,product and irreversibility rates and the air compressor has the minimum fuel and product ex-ergy values, while the minimum irreversibility is found for the turbine. Maximum improvementpotential rate is found for the combustion chamber (5141.27 kW), while minimum rate is deter-mined for the turbine of system (6.95 kW). Also, the turbine component has the highest exergyefficiency (97.20%) due to its expansion process, while combustion chamber component hasthe lowest exergy efficiency (55.39%) due to low efficient combustion process of the fuel.Furthermore, the mexogenous exergy destructions from maximum to minimum are found for the combustion chamber, air compressor and gas turbine units, respectively. Considering exergydynamic analysis, the mexogenous exergy destruction rates of the combustion chamber, aircompressor and gas turbine are found as 184.4 kW, 103.97 kW and 9.99 kW, respectively.Considering all results, the combustion chamber is the primer component to be handled for bet-ter efficiency and improvement.
