Human gut microbiota play an essential role in both healthy and diseased states of humans. In the past decade, the interactions between microorganisms and tumors have attracted much attention in the efforts to underst...Human gut microbiota play an essential role in both healthy and diseased states of humans. In the past decade, the interactions between microorganisms and tumors have attracted much attention in the efforts to understand various features of the complex microbial communities, as well as the possible mechanisms through which the microbiota are involved in cancer prevention, carcinogenesis, and anti-cancer therapy. A large number of studies have indicated that microbial dysbiosis contributes to cancer susceptibility via multiple pathways. Further studies have suggested that the microbiota and their associated metabolites are not only closely related to carcinogenesis by inducing inflammation and immune dysregulation, which lead to genetic instability, but also inter- fere with the pharmacodynamics of anticancer agents. In this article, we mainly reviewed the influ- ence of gut microbiota on cancers in the gastrointestinal （GI） tract （including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers） and the regulation of microbiota by diet, prebiotics, pro- biotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, or the Traditional Chinese Medicine. We also proposed some new strategies in the prevention and treatment of GI cancers that could be explored in the future. We hope that this review could provide a comprehensive overview of the studies on the interactions between the gut microbiota and GI cancers, which are likely to yield translational opportunities to reduce cancer morbidity and mortality by improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.展开更多
目的:系统评价脑卒中后睡眠障碍(Sleep Disturbance After Stroke,PSSD)使用中医药治疗的疗效与安全性。方法:使用计算机综合检索系统对各大论文网站的数据库中的文献资料进行检索,使用手动检索方式对图书馆的期刊资料进行检索,截止时间...目的:系统评价脑卒中后睡眠障碍(Sleep Disturbance After Stroke,PSSD)使用中医药治疗的疗效与安全性。方法:使用计算机综合检索系统对各大论文网站的数据库中的文献资料进行检索,使用手动检索方式对图书馆的期刊资料进行检索,截止时间为2017年10月31日,最后共纳入22篇随机对照(RCT)文章。结果:在临床痊愈率评测、睡眠症状改善以及安全性方面,单纯使用中医药进行PSSD治疗与单纯使用西药治疗,二者效果相当,然而使用中西医结合对PSSD进行治疗各方面都优于单纯西药治疗,差异明显具备统计学意义。结论:在临床上对PSSD治疗时,单纯使用中医药和西药进行治疗,其临床效果相当,但是中医药对患者进行治疗其安全性较高,不良反应的发生率较低,另外,中西医结合的治疗方法在患者的睡眠症状改善方面有很好的效果。展开更多
基金supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH Grant No. CA190122)+3 种基金Department of Defense (Do D Award No. W81XWH-16-1-0151) of the United States awarded to QTsupported by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS Grant No. 2016-12M-1-001) awarded to CB
文摘Human gut microbiota play an essential role in both healthy and diseased states of humans. In the past decade, the interactions between microorganisms and tumors have attracted much attention in the efforts to understand various features of the complex microbial communities, as well as the possible mechanisms through which the microbiota are involved in cancer prevention, carcinogenesis, and anti-cancer therapy. A large number of studies have indicated that microbial dysbiosis contributes to cancer susceptibility via multiple pathways. Further studies have suggested that the microbiota and their associated metabolites are not only closely related to carcinogenesis by inducing inflammation and immune dysregulation, which lead to genetic instability, but also inter- fere with the pharmacodynamics of anticancer agents. In this article, we mainly reviewed the influ- ence of gut microbiota on cancers in the gastrointestinal （GI） tract （including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers） and the regulation of microbiota by diet, prebiotics, pro- biotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, or the Traditional Chinese Medicine. We also proposed some new strategies in the prevention and treatment of GI cancers that could be explored in the future. We hope that this review could provide a comprehensive overview of the studies on the interactions between the gut microbiota and GI cancers, which are likely to yield translational opportunities to reduce cancer morbidity and mortality by improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
文摘目的:系统评价脑卒中后睡眠障碍(Sleep Disturbance After Stroke,PSSD)使用中医药治疗的疗效与安全性。方法:使用计算机综合检索系统对各大论文网站的数据库中的文献资料进行检索,使用手动检索方式对图书馆的期刊资料进行检索,截止时间为2017年10月31日,最后共纳入22篇随机对照(RCT)文章。结果:在临床痊愈率评测、睡眠症状改善以及安全性方面,单纯使用中医药进行PSSD治疗与单纯使用西药治疗,二者效果相当,然而使用中西医结合对PSSD进行治疗各方面都优于单纯西药治疗,差异明显具备统计学意义。结论:在临床上对PSSD治疗时,单纯使用中医药和西药进行治疗,其临床效果相当,但是中医药对患者进行治疗其安全性较高,不良反应的发生率较低,另外,中西医结合的治疗方法在患者的睡眠症状改善方面有很好的效果。
