近年来,国外学术界在北极旅游研究领域取得了一系列重要进展。本文采用文献计量法和系统性文献综述法,通过系统展现国外相关研究的发文量、关键词、期刊、作者及其机构、被引频次等数量变化和网络关系,提炼出“北极旅游行为模式研究构...近年来,国外学术界在北极旅游研究领域取得了一系列重要进展。本文采用文献计量法和系统性文献综述法,通过系统展现国外相关研究的发文量、关键词、期刊、作者及其机构、被引频次等数量变化和网络关系,提炼出“北极旅游行为模式研究构成北极旅游研究的重要内容”等6个主要的研究内容,评价了北极旅游研究的不足并提出了未来的研究启示。研究表明,(1)近年来国外关于北极旅游发文量及被引频次较多的期刊包括Arctic,Polar Geography,Annals of Tourism Research等,主要关键词包括北极、旅游、气候变化等,主要作者包括Stewart E J,Dawson J,Grimwood B S R等,主要研究机构包括加拿大渥太华大学、芬兰奥卢大学、挪威北极大学等。(2)北极旅游行为模式研究构成北极旅游研究的重要内容;气候变化背景下的北极旅游积极影响与消极影响辩证共存;旅游管理是北极旅游可持续发展的重要支柱;北极旅游发展政策措施的核心目标是确保北极旅游的可持续性;体验稀缺与独特是北极旅游显著而不可或缺的环节;旅游活动影响下的北极社区面临着经济-社会、政治、环境和文化系统等多重变化;北极旅游研究可能存在如何划定北极地区的边界,如何在统计监测中考虑北极地区的动态性,可能违背伦理道德和可持续发展要求等挑战,创造和扩展北极旅游知识生产的研究团队规模相对较小,相关理论基础研究相对薄弱。展开更多
The innocent Tuwa people live in Kanas Lake, a world famous national reserve in northern Xinjiang. With therapid development of tourism today, Tuwa people are finally involved in tourism industry. The development of t...The innocent Tuwa people live in Kanas Lake, a world famous national reserve in northern Xinjiang. With therapid development of tourism today, Tuwa people are finally involved in tourism industry. The development of tourismis a two-edged sword. On the one hand, it boosts the revival of Tuwa culture, provides a large number of employmentopportunities and cross-cultural exchanges, and improves material welfare for Tuwa people. On the other hand, somedisadvantages have also resulted from tourism development, such as the unauthentic exhibition of Tuwa culture, limitedtourists, Tuwa group interaction, and limited material improvement for the Tuwa, etc. This paper takes Tuwa people asa case, illustrates the types, characteristics and the conditions for the development of Tuwa culture, explores the advan-tages and disadvantages resulting from the development of folk-custom tourism industry and then puts forwardsrecommendations on the protection for local cultures as follows: (1) attach great importance to Tuwa culture in thetourism development of Kanas Lake Visitor Attraction; (2) construct the aboriginal village with the consciousness ofprotection; (3) remove the Tuwa village; (4) consummate the management mode and let Tuwa people really benefit fromtourism; (5) restrict the grazing in the scenic spots and protect natural grassland; (6) promote Tuwa people’s ability ofself-supervision and self-management; (7) exhibit Tuwa culture authentically.展开更多
Eeotourism aims to deliver the philosophy of sustainable development through environmental conservation as well as socio-economic development. Areas with rich biodiversity and scenic beauty, like the Indian Himalayan ...Eeotourism aims to deliver the philosophy of sustainable development through environmental conservation as well as socio-economic development. Areas with rich biodiversity and scenic beauty, like the Indian Himalayan region, have been one of the major destination centers for nature lovers from historical time. In view of conserving the rich biodiversity and natural heritage of the Himalayan region 92 protected areas have been set aside, of these Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve （NDBR） is a well known world heritage site. Over a period of time establishing NDBR has invited conficts between the local people and reserve authorities on the management approaches and utilization criteria of the natural resources, especially banning the traditional bio-resource collection rights of local community, expeditions, trekking, and other anthropogenic activities in the core zones. The present study aims to understand and analyze the various people - park conflicts, and also to suggest ways to mitigate such conflicts in view of biodiversity conservation and improvement of economic status of local people by promoting eeotourism. With this view the study further discusses the various aspects of eeotourism, its pros and cons, and the avenues of developing appropriate strategies for promotion of ecotourism in buffer zone areas of NDBR.展开更多
文摘近年来,国外学术界在北极旅游研究领域取得了一系列重要进展。本文采用文献计量法和系统性文献综述法,通过系统展现国外相关研究的发文量、关键词、期刊、作者及其机构、被引频次等数量变化和网络关系,提炼出“北极旅游行为模式研究构成北极旅游研究的重要内容”等6个主要的研究内容,评价了北极旅游研究的不足并提出了未来的研究启示。研究表明,(1)近年来国外关于北极旅游发文量及被引频次较多的期刊包括Arctic,Polar Geography,Annals of Tourism Research等,主要关键词包括北极、旅游、气候变化等,主要作者包括Stewart E J,Dawson J,Grimwood B S R等,主要研究机构包括加拿大渥太华大学、芬兰奥卢大学、挪威北极大学等。(2)北极旅游行为模式研究构成北极旅游研究的重要内容;气候变化背景下的北极旅游积极影响与消极影响辩证共存;旅游管理是北极旅游可持续发展的重要支柱;北极旅游发展政策措施的核心目标是确保北极旅游的可持续性;体验稀缺与独特是北极旅游显著而不可或缺的环节;旅游活动影响下的北极社区面临着经济-社会、政治、环境和文化系统等多重变化;北极旅游研究可能存在如何划定北极地区的边界,如何在统计监测中考虑北极地区的动态性,可能违背伦理道德和可持续发展要求等挑战,创造和扩展北极旅游知识生产的研究团队规模相对较小,相关理论基础研究相对薄弱。
文摘The innocent Tuwa people live in Kanas Lake, a world famous national reserve in northern Xinjiang. With therapid development of tourism today, Tuwa people are finally involved in tourism industry. The development of tourismis a two-edged sword. On the one hand, it boosts the revival of Tuwa culture, provides a large number of employmentopportunities and cross-cultural exchanges, and improves material welfare for Tuwa people. On the other hand, somedisadvantages have also resulted from tourism development, such as the unauthentic exhibition of Tuwa culture, limitedtourists, Tuwa group interaction, and limited material improvement for the Tuwa, etc. This paper takes Tuwa people asa case, illustrates the types, characteristics and the conditions for the development of Tuwa culture, explores the advan-tages and disadvantages resulting from the development of folk-custom tourism industry and then puts forwardsrecommendations on the protection for local cultures as follows: (1) attach great importance to Tuwa culture in thetourism development of Kanas Lake Visitor Attraction; (2) construct the aboriginal village with the consciousness ofprotection; (3) remove the Tuwa village; (4) consummate the management mode and let Tuwa people really benefit fromtourism; (5) restrict the grazing in the scenic spots and protect natural grassland; (6) promote Tuwa people’s ability ofself-supervision and self-management; (7) exhibit Tuwa culture authentically.
文摘Eeotourism aims to deliver the philosophy of sustainable development through environmental conservation as well as socio-economic development. Areas with rich biodiversity and scenic beauty, like the Indian Himalayan region, have been one of the major destination centers for nature lovers from historical time. In view of conserving the rich biodiversity and natural heritage of the Himalayan region 92 protected areas have been set aside, of these Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve （NDBR） is a well known world heritage site. Over a period of time establishing NDBR has invited conficts between the local people and reserve authorities on the management approaches and utilization criteria of the natural resources, especially banning the traditional bio-resource collection rights of local community, expeditions, trekking, and other anthropogenic activities in the core zones. The present study aims to understand and analyze the various people - park conflicts, and also to suggest ways to mitigate such conflicts in view of biodiversity conservation and improvement of economic status of local people by promoting eeotourism. With this view the study further discusses the various aspects of eeotourism, its pros and cons, and the avenues of developing appropriate strategies for promotion of ecotourism in buffer zone areas of NDBR.
