为探究镉(Cd)对海洋动物的毒性效应,考察了不同质量浓度(0.005、0.05和0.5mg·L^-1)Cd处理对单环刺螠相关免疫生理指标及主要组织中Cd蓄积量的影响。结果表明:Cd胁迫下,血细胞密度(density of hemocyte,DHC)先升后降再升,酚氧化酶(p...为探究镉(Cd)对海洋动物的毒性效应,考察了不同质量浓度(0.005、0.05和0.5mg·L^-1)Cd处理对单环刺螠相关免疫生理指标及主要组织中Cd蓄积量的影响。结果表明:Cd胁迫下,血细胞密度(density of hemocyte,DHC)先升后降再升,酚氧化酶(phenoloxidase,PO)活力先升后降,溶菌酶(lysozyme,LSZ)活力先降后升再降,至处理96h,处理组DHC均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),总蛋白含量变化不显著;除低浓度胁迫组(0.005mg·L^-1)PO活力与对照组相近外,其他处理组的PO和LSZ活力均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量总体呈上升趋势,过氧化氢(H2O2)含量先升后降再升,至胁迫96h,各处理组SOD活力、MDA和H2O2含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。总之,Cd胁迫对单环刺螠非特异性免疫影响显著,Cd的短期胁迫可刺激DHC、PO和LSZ升高,免疫力增强,而高浓度Cd的胁迫时间较长会造成机体解毒能力下降,持续刺激机体产生过氧化反应,MDA含量升高,可作为单环刺螠在Cd长期胁迫下的免疫检测指标。不同胁迫浓度组单环刺螠肌肉和消化道中的Cd含量随胁迫时间均呈上升趋势,且存在显著的时间-剂量-效应关系(P<0.05),其蓄积量水平为:消化道>肌肉,具有组织特异性。展开更多
Increasing rate of consumption of the common African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, a popular delicacy in Delta State, Nigeria has raised worries about the safety of health of consumers in the face of perceived rising i...Increasing rate of consumption of the common African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, a popular delicacy in Delta State, Nigeria has raised worries about the safety of health of consumers in the face of perceived rising input of recalcitrant pollutants such as the heavy metals in aquatic habitats. This research investigated the presence and levels of Zn in muscle and brain tissues of C. gariepinus sourced from selected markets in Delta State. Replicate adult fish samples were obtained from seven market locations in Oleh, Asaba, Ekpan, Ogwashi-Ukwu, Okere, Abraka and Ughelli towns, labeled and taken to the laboratory in iced coolers. The presence and levels of the heavy metal were determined spectrophotometrically. Concentrations ranged from 0.015 - 0.19 (0.09 ± 0.02) mg/kg d.w. in muscle and 0.035 - 0.36 (0.16 ± 0.03) mg/kg d.w. in brain tissues, even as accumulation levels differed significantly (t = 0.005) between the tissues at p < 0.05. There was also significant locational heterogeneity in accumulations of the metal [F<sub>(100.97)</sub> > F<sub>crit(4.02)</sub>] at the 95% confidence limit;with least accumulation of 0.03 (±0.01) mg/kg d.w. recorded in fish samples obtained from Ughelli and maximum accumulation of 0.28 (±0.07) mg/kg d.w. recorded in those obtained from Oleh locations. However, levels were below the Food and Agricultural Organization and World Health Organization acceptable limits for Zn in edible fish. Results revealed that lipophilic brain tissues accumulated more heavy metal than muscle tissues. Since accumulation levels were low, they do not currently constitute public health risks to consumers in Delta State.展开更多
为了从能量积累角度掌握茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)的生活史策略,利用组织能量密度测定技术和广义线性混合效应模型(Generalized linear mixed-effects models,GLMM)对东太平洋茎柔鱼的肌肉、性腺等组织的相对能量积累及其与栖息海域环境...为了从能量积累角度掌握茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)的生活史策略,利用组织能量密度测定技术和广义线性混合效应模型(Generalized linear mixed-effects models,GLMM)对东太平洋茎柔鱼的肌肉、性腺等组织的相对能量积累及其与栖息海域环境因子之间的关系进行了分析。结果显示,东太平洋茎柔鱼以肌肉组织能量积累为主(相对能量积累占70%以上),性腺组织能量积累相对较低。在生理性发育期至功能性成熟期,肌肉组织相对能量积累下降显著,性腺组织相对能量积累明显;在功能性成熟期,肌肉组织相对能量积累回升显著。肌肉组织和性腺组织的相对能量积累与栖息海域海表温度无显著相关性,但与栖息海域叶绿素a质量浓度存在显著的效应关系,并与采样经度分布密切相关。研究表明,东太平洋茎柔鱼在性腺发育开始后能量积累逐渐增加对生殖发育的投入分配,但在繁殖产卵期保持较好的肌肉组织状态,肌肉、性腺组织的相对能量积累更多取决于栖息海域的初级生产力。展开更多
文摘为探究镉(Cd)对海洋动物的毒性效应,考察了不同质量浓度(0.005、0.05和0.5mg·L^-1)Cd处理对单环刺螠相关免疫生理指标及主要组织中Cd蓄积量的影响。结果表明:Cd胁迫下,血细胞密度(density of hemocyte,DHC)先升后降再升,酚氧化酶(phenoloxidase,PO)活力先升后降,溶菌酶(lysozyme,LSZ)活力先降后升再降,至处理96h,处理组DHC均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),总蛋白含量变化不显著;除低浓度胁迫组(0.005mg·L^-1)PO活力与对照组相近外,其他处理组的PO和LSZ活力均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量总体呈上升趋势,过氧化氢(H2O2)含量先升后降再升,至胁迫96h,各处理组SOD活力、MDA和H2O2含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。总之,Cd胁迫对单环刺螠非特异性免疫影响显著,Cd的短期胁迫可刺激DHC、PO和LSZ升高,免疫力增强,而高浓度Cd的胁迫时间较长会造成机体解毒能力下降,持续刺激机体产生过氧化反应,MDA含量升高,可作为单环刺螠在Cd长期胁迫下的免疫检测指标。不同胁迫浓度组单环刺螠肌肉和消化道中的Cd含量随胁迫时间均呈上升趋势,且存在显著的时间-剂量-效应关系(P<0.05),其蓄积量水平为:消化道>肌肉,具有组织特异性。
文摘Increasing rate of consumption of the common African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, a popular delicacy in Delta State, Nigeria has raised worries about the safety of health of consumers in the face of perceived rising input of recalcitrant pollutants such as the heavy metals in aquatic habitats. This research investigated the presence and levels of Zn in muscle and brain tissues of C. gariepinus sourced from selected markets in Delta State. Replicate adult fish samples were obtained from seven market locations in Oleh, Asaba, Ekpan, Ogwashi-Ukwu, Okere, Abraka and Ughelli towns, labeled and taken to the laboratory in iced coolers. The presence and levels of the heavy metal were determined spectrophotometrically. Concentrations ranged from 0.015 - 0.19 (0.09 ± 0.02) mg/kg d.w. in muscle and 0.035 - 0.36 (0.16 ± 0.03) mg/kg d.w. in brain tissues, even as accumulation levels differed significantly (t = 0.005) between the tissues at p < 0.05. There was also significant locational heterogeneity in accumulations of the metal [F<sub>(100.97)</sub> > F<sub>crit(4.02)</sub>] at the 95% confidence limit;with least accumulation of 0.03 (±0.01) mg/kg d.w. recorded in fish samples obtained from Ughelli and maximum accumulation of 0.28 (±0.07) mg/kg d.w. recorded in those obtained from Oleh locations. However, levels were below the Food and Agricultural Organization and World Health Organization acceptable limits for Zn in edible fish. Results revealed that lipophilic brain tissues accumulated more heavy metal than muscle tissues. Since accumulation levels were low, they do not currently constitute public health risks to consumers in Delta State.
文摘为了从能量积累角度掌握茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)的生活史策略,利用组织能量密度测定技术和广义线性混合效应模型(Generalized linear mixed-effects models,GLMM)对东太平洋茎柔鱼的肌肉、性腺等组织的相对能量积累及其与栖息海域环境因子之间的关系进行了分析。结果显示,东太平洋茎柔鱼以肌肉组织能量积累为主(相对能量积累占70%以上),性腺组织能量积累相对较低。在生理性发育期至功能性成熟期,肌肉组织相对能量积累下降显著,性腺组织相对能量积累明显;在功能性成熟期,肌肉组织相对能量积累回升显著。肌肉组织和性腺组织的相对能量积累与栖息海域海表温度无显著相关性,但与栖息海域叶绿素a质量浓度存在显著的效应关系,并与采样经度分布密切相关。研究表明,东太平洋茎柔鱼在性腺发育开始后能量积累逐渐增加对生殖发育的投入分配,但在繁殖产卵期保持较好的肌肉组织状态,肌肉、性腺组织的相对能量积累更多取决于栖息海域的初级生产力。
基金This study was supported by the Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guizhou Province(QZYY2010)Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(TZJF2009-41and 2010-5)
