Heat stress induced by long periods of high ambient temperature decreases animal productivity,leading to heavy economic losses.This devastating situation for livestock production is even becoming worse under the prese...Heat stress induced by long periods of high ambient temperature decreases animal productivity,leading to heavy economic losses.This devastating situation for livestock production is even becoming worse under the present climate change scenario.Strategies focused to breed animals with better thermotolerance and climatic resilience are keenly sought these days to mitigate impacts of heat stress especially in high input livestock production systems.The 70-kDa heat shock proteins(HSP70) are a protein family known for its potential role in thermo-tolerance and widely considered as cellular thermometers.HSP70 function as molecular chaperons and have major roles in cellular thermotolerance,apoptosis,immune-modulation and heat stress.Expression of HSP70 is controlled by various factors such as,intracellular pH,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cyclic AMP),protein kinase C and intracellular free calcium,etc.Over expression of HSP70 has been observed under oxidative stress leading to scavenging of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and protection of pulmonary endothelial barrier against bacterial toxins.Polymorphisms in flanking and promoter regions in HSP70 gene have shown association with heat tolerance,weaning weight,milk production,fertility and disease susceptibility in livestock.This review provides insight into pivotal roles of HSP70 which make it an ideal candidate genetic marker for selection of animals with better climate resilience,immune response and superior performance.展开更多
植物热激蛋白90(Heat shock protein 90,Hsp90s)是普遍存在和高度保守的一类热激蛋白基因家族。在热胁迫条件下,Hsp90s在协助蛋白质折叠、细胞内转运、维持和降解以及促进细胞信号传导方面发挥重要作用。近年来,植物Hsp90s在高温胁迫下...植物热激蛋白90(Heat shock protein 90,Hsp90s)是普遍存在和高度保守的一类热激蛋白基因家族。在热胁迫条件下,Hsp90s在协助蛋白质折叠、细胞内转运、维持和降解以及促进细胞信号传导方面发挥重要作用。近年来,植物Hsp90s在高温胁迫下的产生、分类与定位和基因表达的调控及生物学功能等方面的研究取得较大进展。系统综述了植物Hsp90s结构和Hsp90s与植物耐热性的研究进展,以期为基因工程方法改良作物耐热性提供参考。展开更多
With global warming, heat stress is becoming a more frequent event and a major limiting factor for crop production. The evaluation of thermo-tolerance is essential for the cultivators to obtain the heat resistant geno...With global warming, heat stress is becoming a more frequent event and a major limiting factor for crop production. The evaluation of thermo-tolerance is essential for the cultivators to obtain the heat resistant genotypes and breeders to improve the thermo-tolerance of plants. Therefore, it is very important to perfect the existing evaluation system for thermo-tolerance. In this study, 30 tomato genotypes were treated with heat stress at germination, seedling and flowering stages. Each index was different and diverse in different tomato genotypes by doing variability analysis, difference analysis and Student＇s t test. Before principal component analysis （PCA）, a positive treatment for the negative and moderation indexes was performed. After correlation analysis, the authors performed PCA （including dimensionality reduction （DR）, no dimensionality reduction （NDR） and optimal index （OI））, combining with subordinate function （SF）, weight and cluster analysis. No matter at germination or seedling stage, the members of the groups were basically identical for DR, NDR and OI. Then 10 tomato genotypes were chosen from 30 randomly for verification. Compared all the evaluation systems, OI was the simplest and also could get as credible results as other methods. Therefore, in this study, OI could be adopted and improve the efficiency during the evaluation. At germination stage, germination power （GP） can accurately evaluate the thermo-tolerance, and at seedling stage, it was fresh weight （FW）, internode length （IL） and dry matter percentage of seedling （DMP）. Finally, all the indexes in the three stages were applied correlation analysis. Seedling stage showed significant positive correlation with flowering stage. In conclusion, this work improves the current system and set up a new comprehensive evaluation method named OI, which also improves the efficiency, guarantees reliability in screening thermo-tolerance of tomato for cultivators and expedites the process of breeding for resi展开更多
基金supported by grants from National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0500507, 2018YFD0501600)Natural Science Foundation of China (31460613,31560649).
文摘Heat stress induced by long periods of high ambient temperature decreases animal productivity,leading to heavy economic losses.This devastating situation for livestock production is even becoming worse under the present climate change scenario.Strategies focused to breed animals with better thermotolerance and climatic resilience are keenly sought these days to mitigate impacts of heat stress especially in high input livestock production systems.The 70-kDa heat shock proteins(HSP70) are a protein family known for its potential role in thermo-tolerance and widely considered as cellular thermometers.HSP70 function as molecular chaperons and have major roles in cellular thermotolerance,apoptosis,immune-modulation and heat stress.Expression of HSP70 is controlled by various factors such as,intracellular pH,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cyclic AMP),protein kinase C and intracellular free calcium,etc.Over expression of HSP70 has been observed under oxidative stress leading to scavenging of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and protection of pulmonary endothelial barrier against bacterial toxins.Polymorphisms in flanking and promoter regions in HSP70 gene have shown association with heat tolerance,weaning weight,milk production,fertility and disease susceptibility in livestock.This review provides insight into pivotal roles of HSP70 which make it an ideal candidate genetic marker for selection of animals with better climate resilience,immune response and superior performance.
文摘植物热激蛋白90(Heat shock protein 90,Hsp90s)是普遍存在和高度保守的一类热激蛋白基因家族。在热胁迫条件下,Hsp90s在协助蛋白质折叠、细胞内转运、维持和降解以及促进细胞信号传导方面发挥重要作用。近年来,植物Hsp90s在高温胁迫下的产生、分类与定位和基因表达的调控及生物学功能等方面的研究取得较大进展。系统综述了植物Hsp90s结构和Hsp90s与植物耐热性的研究进展,以期为基因工程方法改良作物耐热性提供参考。
基金This work was supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Youth Jiangsu Province （BIC20160579）.
文摘With global warming, heat stress is becoming a more frequent event and a major limiting factor for crop production. The evaluation of thermo-tolerance is essential for the cultivators to obtain the heat resistant genotypes and breeders to improve the thermo-tolerance of plants. Therefore, it is very important to perfect the existing evaluation system for thermo-tolerance. In this study, 30 tomato genotypes were treated with heat stress at germination, seedling and flowering stages. Each index was different and diverse in different tomato genotypes by doing variability analysis, difference analysis and Student＇s t test. Before principal component analysis （PCA）, a positive treatment for the negative and moderation indexes was performed. After correlation analysis, the authors performed PCA （including dimensionality reduction （DR）, no dimensionality reduction （NDR） and optimal index （OI））, combining with subordinate function （SF）, weight and cluster analysis. No matter at germination or seedling stage, the members of the groups were basically identical for DR, NDR and OI. Then 10 tomato genotypes were chosen from 30 randomly for verification. Compared all the evaluation systems, OI was the simplest and also could get as credible results as other methods. Therefore, in this study, OI could be adopted and improve the efficiency during the evaluation. At germination stage, germination power （GP） can accurately evaluate the thermo-tolerance, and at seedling stage, it was fresh weight （FW）, internode length （IL） and dry matter percentage of seedling （DMP）. Finally, all the indexes in the three stages were applied correlation analysis. Seedling stage showed significant positive correlation with flowering stage. In conclusion, this work improves the current system and set up a new comprehensive evaluation method named OI, which also improves the efficiency, guarantees reliability in screening thermo-tolerance of tomato for cultivators and expedites the process of breeding for resi
