为了抑制风电波动,减少弃风量,考虑到配备储热的太阳能热发电(concentrated solar power,CSP)系统具有可调度性,提出了一种风电—CSP联合发电系统。该系统由风电子系统、CSP子系统及电加热(electric heater,EH)子系统组成。其中,EH子系...为了抑制风电波动,减少弃风量,考虑到配备储热的太阳能热发电(concentrated solar power,CSP)系统具有可调度性,提出了一种风电—CSP联合发电系统。该系统由风电子系统、CSP子系统及电加热(electric heater,EH)子系统组成。其中,EH子系统的主要作用是将弃风电能转化为热能,并将热能送入CSP储热子系统(thermal energy storage,TES),既为弃风利用提供一条有效途径,又为CSP增加一个热源,使系统的可调度性和灵活性进一步提高。针对该联合系统,以最小化系统输出负荷与计划负荷间的偏差和最大化能源利用率为目标,建立了其混合整数规划调度模型。以未加EH子系统的风电–CSP联合发电系统为参照,通过案例对比研究了在晴天及部分阴云天气下系统的特性。结果显示该联合系统可更好地跟踪计划负荷,有效降低风电弃风量,为CSP储热子系统提供更多的热能,使系统具有更高的灵活性和可调度性。展开更多
This work presents a cost-effective and environment-friendly form-stabilized phase change material(PCM)and corresponding solar thermal application in the tankless solar water heater(TSWH).Coconut shell charcoal(CSC)as...This work presents a cost-effective and environment-friendly form-stabilized phase change material(PCM)and corresponding solar thermal application in the tankless solar water heater(TSWH).Coconut shell charcoal(CSC)as supporting material was modified by moderate oxidant of H_(2)O_(2)with different concentrations,and then sta-bilized stearic acid(SA)to prepare composite PCMs through vacuum impregnation.It found that CSC support causes a 15.70%improvement of SA loadage after treated by 15%H_(2)O_(2)due to coefficient enhancement by phys-ical interaction and surface modification.The modified CSC 15 support appears more super macropores which contribute to the impregnation of SA than non-modified CSC 0 support verifying from SEM and BET results.And the content of oxygen functional groups was increased after oxidation modification,also motivating SA stabiliza-tion by hydrogen bond interaction in XPS analysis.FTIR results proved there is no chemical reaction happened between SA and CSC.Moreover,the latent heat and phase transition temperature of the as-prepared SA/CSC 15 composite are 76.69 J g^(−1)and 52.52℃,respectively.All composites exhibit excellent thermal stability under a working temperature of 180℃and form stability during phase change.Thermal energy storage-release test within 70℃presents the composite has fast heat transfer efficiency than pure SA.The composite filled in TSWH system has 0.75 W m^(−1)K^(−1)thermal conductivity which is 2.88 times higher than that of pure SA(0.26 W m^(−1)K−1).Besides,the TSWH system with a flow rate of 0.004 kg s^(−1)could heat water effectively after sunset and the energy obtained from the thermal storage system within 1830 s testing times is about 0.15 kW h.In all,SA/CSC composite with good physical-thermo properties has potential in thermal energy storage application,especially in solar energy storage.展开更多
文摘为了抑制风电波动,减少弃风量,考虑到配备储热的太阳能热发电(concentrated solar power,CSP)系统具有可调度性,提出了一种风电—CSP联合发电系统。该系统由风电子系统、CSP子系统及电加热(electric heater,EH)子系统组成。其中,EH子系统的主要作用是将弃风电能转化为热能,并将热能送入CSP储热子系统(thermal energy storage,TES),既为弃风利用提供一条有效途径,又为CSP增加一个热源,使系统的可调度性和灵活性进一步提高。针对该联合系统,以最小化系统输出负荷与计划负荷间的偏差和最大化能源利用率为目标,建立了其混合整数规划调度模型。以未加EH子系统的风电–CSP联合发电系统为参照,通过案例对比研究了在晴天及部分阴云天气下系统的特性。结果显示该联合系统可更好地跟踪计划负荷,有效降低风电弃风量,为CSP储热子系统提供更多的热能,使系统具有更高的灵活性和可调度性。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(51874047,51504041)the Training Program for Excel-lent Young Innovators of Changsha(kq1802007)+2 种基金the Fund for Univer-sity Young Core Instructors of Hunan Provincethe Outstanding Youth Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(18B148)and the Hunan Province 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Clean Energy and Smart Grid.
文摘This work presents a cost-effective and environment-friendly form-stabilized phase change material(PCM)and corresponding solar thermal application in the tankless solar water heater(TSWH).Coconut shell charcoal(CSC)as supporting material was modified by moderate oxidant of H_(2)O_(2)with different concentrations,and then sta-bilized stearic acid(SA)to prepare composite PCMs through vacuum impregnation.It found that CSC support causes a 15.70%improvement of SA loadage after treated by 15%H_(2)O_(2)due to coefficient enhancement by phys-ical interaction and surface modification.The modified CSC 15 support appears more super macropores which contribute to the impregnation of SA than non-modified CSC 0 support verifying from SEM and BET results.And the content of oxygen functional groups was increased after oxidation modification,also motivating SA stabiliza-tion by hydrogen bond interaction in XPS analysis.FTIR results proved there is no chemical reaction happened between SA and CSC.Moreover,the latent heat and phase transition temperature of the as-prepared SA/CSC 15 composite are 76.69 J g^(−1)and 52.52℃,respectively.All composites exhibit excellent thermal stability under a working temperature of 180℃and form stability during phase change.Thermal energy storage-release test within 70℃presents the composite has fast heat transfer efficiency than pure SA.The composite filled in TSWH system has 0.75 W m^(−1)K^(−1)thermal conductivity which is 2.88 times higher than that of pure SA(0.26 W m^(−1)K−1).Besides,the TSWH system with a flow rate of 0.004 kg s^(−1)could heat water effectively after sunset and the energy obtained from the thermal storage system within 1830 s testing times is about 0.15 kW h.In all,SA/CSC composite with good physical-thermo properties has potential in thermal energy storage application,especially in solar energy storage.
