Earlier investigators have numerically carried out performance analysis of the invert trap fitted in an open channel using the stochastic discrete phase model(DPM) by assuming the open channel flow to be closed condui...Earlier investigators have numerically carried out performance analysis of the invert trap fitted in an open channel using the stochastic discrete phase model(DPM) by assuming the open channel flow to be closed conduit flow under pressure and assuming zero shear stress at the top wall.This is known as the fixed lid model.By assuming the top wall to be a shear free wall,they have been able to show that the velocity distribution looks similar to that of an open channel flow with zero velocity at the bottom and maximum velocity at the top,representing the free water surface,but no information has been provided for the pressure at the free water surface.Because of this assumption,the validation of the model in predicting the trap efficiency has performed significantly poorly.In addition,the free water surface subject to zero gauge pressure cannot be modeled using the fixed lid model because there is no provision of extra space in the form of air space for the fluctuating part of the water surface profile.It can.however,be modeled using the volume of fluid(VOF) model because the VOF model is the appropriate model for open channel or free surface flow.Therefore,in the present study,three-dimensional(3D) computational fluid dynamics(CFD) modeling with the VOF model,which considers open channel flow with a free water surface,along with the stochastic DPM.was used to model the trap efficiency of an invert trap fitted in an open rectangular channel.The governing mathematical flow equations of the VOF model were solved using the ANSYS Fluent 14.0 software,reproducing the experimental conditions exactly.The results show that the 3D CFD predictions using the VOF model closely fit the experimental data for glass bead particles.展开更多
We propose a controllable high-efficiency electrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chip by using two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate. We calculate Stark energy structure...We propose a controllable high-efficiency electrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chip by using two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate. We calculate Stark energy structure pattern of ND3 molecules in an external electric field using the method of matrix diagonalization. We analyze how the voltages that are applied to the ring electrodes affect the depth of the efficient well and the controllability of the distance between the trap center and the surface of the chip. To obtain a better understanding, we simulate the dynamical loading and trapping processes of ND3 molecules in a ｜J, KM = ｜1,-1 state by using classical Monte–Carlo method. Our study shows that the loading efficiency of our trap can reach ～ 88%. Finally, we study the adiabatic cooling of cold molecules in our surface trap by linearly lowering the potential-well depth（i.e., lowering the trapping voltage）, and find that the temperature of the trapped ND3 molecules can be adiabatically cooled from 34.5 m K to ～ 5.8 m K when the trapping voltage is reduced from-35 k V to-3 k V.展开更多
为明确茶园应用黄板和天敌友好型色板对茶小绿叶蝉种群数量的影响及其最佳悬挂密度,在武夷山茶园悬挂不同密度黄板和天敌友好型色板,研究其对茶小绿叶蝉种群数量的影响。结果表明:在悬挂粘虫板14 d后,黄板在每667 m 2悬挂25片的密度下,...为明确茶园应用黄板和天敌友好型色板对茶小绿叶蝉种群数量的影响及其最佳悬挂密度,在武夷山茶园悬挂不同密度黄板和天敌友好型色板,研究其对茶小绿叶蝉种群数量的影响。结果表明:在悬挂粘虫板14 d后,黄板在每667 m 2悬挂25片的密度下,防治效果最佳,达45.82%,天敌友好型色板的防效略低于黄板,为42.95%,两者间差异不显著。黄板和天敌友好型色板的最佳悬挂密度为每667 m 2悬挂25片。展开更多
Aim A new proliposomal technology was used to trap several drugs,such as tegafur,silymarin,cistanosides,oleanolic acid.And then these proliposomal characters were studied.Methods These proliposomes formed liposomes af...Aim A new proliposomal technology was used to trap several drugs,such as tegafur,silymarin,cistanosides,oleanolic acid.And then these proliposomal characters were studied.Methods These proliposomes formed liposomes after mixing with water.And then the liposomal morphology was determined by electron microscope,and the liposomal particle size determined by particle sizes instrument.The trap efficiency was determined by the column chromatography,and then the influence factors on the trap efficiency were investigated.Results The liposomes looked round,some with multiply layers,the particle was small,and the ξ potential was about-30 mV.The trap efficiency changed with the partition coefficient and pH.When the partition coefficient and pH increased,the trap efficiency increased.Furthermore,the trap efficiency was not influenced by the molecular weight.Conclusion This kind of liposomal technology trapped the drugs efficiently,and the lipophilic drugs were trapped more easily.Some Chinese traditional drugs could be trapped too.展开更多
文摘Earlier investigators have numerically carried out performance analysis of the invert trap fitted in an open channel using the stochastic discrete phase model(DPM) by assuming the open channel flow to be closed conduit flow under pressure and assuming zero shear stress at the top wall.This is known as the fixed lid model.By assuming the top wall to be a shear free wall,they have been able to show that the velocity distribution looks similar to that of an open channel flow with zero velocity at the bottom and maximum velocity at the top,representing the free water surface,but no information has been provided for the pressure at the free water surface.Because of this assumption,the validation of the model in predicting the trap efficiency has performed significantly poorly.In addition,the free water surface subject to zero gauge pressure cannot be modeled using the fixed lid model because there is no provision of extra space in the form of air space for the fluctuating part of the water surface profile.It can.however,be modeled using the volume of fluid(VOF) model because the VOF model is the appropriate model for open channel or free surface flow.Therefore,in the present study,three-dimensional(3D) computational fluid dynamics(CFD) modeling with the VOF model,which considers open channel flow with a free water surface,along with the stochastic DPM.was used to model the trap efficiency of an invert trap fitted in an open rectangular channel.The governing mathematical flow equations of the VOF model were solved using the ANSYS Fluent 14.0 software,reproducing the experimental conditions exactly.The results show that the 3D CFD predictions using the VOF model closely fit the experimental data for glass bead particles.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10674047,10804031,10904037,10904060,10974055,11034002,and61205198)the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2006CB921604 and 2011CB921602)+2 种基金the Basic Key Program of Shanghai Municipality,China(Grant No.07JC14017)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,China(Grant No.B408)
文摘We propose a controllable high-efficiency electrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chip by using two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate. We calculate Stark energy structure pattern of ND3 molecules in an external electric field using the method of matrix diagonalization. We analyze how the voltages that are applied to the ring electrodes affect the depth of the efficient well and the controllability of the distance between the trap center and the surface of the chip. To obtain a better understanding, we simulate the dynamical loading and trapping processes of ND3 molecules in a ｜J, KM = ｜1,-1 state by using classical Monte–Carlo method. Our study shows that the loading efficiency of our trap can reach ～ 88%. Finally, we study the adiabatic cooling of cold molecules in our surface trap by linearly lowering the potential-well depth（i.e., lowering the trapping voltage）, and find that the temperature of the trapped ND3 molecules can be adiabatically cooled from 34.5 m K to ～ 5.8 m K when the trapping voltage is reduced from-35 k V to-3 k V.
文摘为明确茶园应用黄板和天敌友好型色板对茶小绿叶蝉种群数量的影响及其最佳悬挂密度,在武夷山茶园悬挂不同密度黄板和天敌友好型色板,研究其对茶小绿叶蝉种群数量的影响。结果表明:在悬挂粘虫板14 d后,黄板在每667 m 2悬挂25片的密度下,防治效果最佳,达45.82%,天敌友好型色板的防效略低于黄板,为42.95%,两者间差异不显著。黄板和天敌友好型色板的最佳悬挂密度为每667 m 2悬挂25片。
文摘Aim A new proliposomal technology was used to trap several drugs,such as tegafur,silymarin,cistanosides,oleanolic acid.And then these proliposomal characters were studied.Methods These proliposomes formed liposomes after mixing with water.And then the liposomal morphology was determined by electron microscope,and the liposomal particle size determined by particle sizes instrument.The trap efficiency was determined by the column chromatography,and then the influence factors on the trap efficiency were investigated.Results The liposomes looked round,some with multiply layers,the particle was small,and the ξ potential was about-30 mV.The trap efficiency changed with the partition coefficient and pH.When the partition coefficient and pH increased,the trap efficiency increased.Furthermore,the trap efficiency was not influenced by the molecular weight.Conclusion This kind of liposomal technology trapped the drugs efficiently,and the lipophilic drugs were trapped more easily.Some Chinese traditional drugs could be trapped too.
