A high-resolution pollen record of the past 13000 a from Huguangyan Maar Lake reveals the vegetation and environment changes in southern China during the Holocene. It shows that (i) pollen percentage of trees and shru...A high-resolution pollen record of the past 13000 a from Huguangyan Maar Lake reveals the vegetation and environment changes in southern China during the Holocene. It shows that (i) pollen percentage of trees and shrubs reached 56% during the early Holocene (11600―7800 cal a BP), of which the pollen percentage of tropical trees reached a maximum at 9500―8000 cal a BP, reflecting a hot and wet envi- ronment; (ii) during the mid-Holocene (7800―4200 cal a BP), the pollen percentage of montane conif- erous trees and herbs increased, while the percentage of tropical-subtropical trees decreased, indi- cating lower temperature and humidity; (iii) in the late Holocene spanning from 4200 to 350 cal a BP, the pollen percentage of herbs and montane conifer increased significantly, indicating a marked decrease of temperature and humidity. Our pollen data reveal that the time period 9500―8000 cal a BP in south- ern China represents a climatic optimum for the Holocene characterized by hot and wet conditions. This is consistent with the Holocene optimum found in lower latitude regions globally. We speculate that strong insolation might cause the northward migration of the ITCZ and subtropical summer mon- soon front, which resulted in an early Holocene optimum in the Huguangyan area. The dry tendency and climate fluctuations of the middle and late Holocene could be associated with a decrease in solar insolation and frequent ENSO event.展开更多
对湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物全新世粒度参数、550℃烧失量和Ti元素含量的变化特征研究后认为:粒度频率特征曲线指示湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物的外源输入部分主要来自其小流域;沉积物粒径的变化主要受降雨量,而不是湖泊水位波动的控制;较粗的粒径指...对湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物全新世粒度参数、550℃烧失量和Ti元素含量的变化特征研究后认为:粒度频率特征曲线指示湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物的外源输入部分主要来自其小流域;沉积物粒径的变化主要受降雨量,而不是湖泊水位波动的控制;较粗的粒径指示降雨量增加,较细的粒径指示降雨量降低.湛江地区全新世早期季风强盛,6085 a B.P.以后,季风显著减弱.湖光岩沉积物记录的全新世中期季风迅速减弱的发生时间与全球很多地质载体记录的全新世中期季风迅速减弱时间都非常接近,体现了湛江地区全新世季风演化的全球性.湛江地区6085 a B.P.以后的季风迅速减弱、气候转干很可能与厄尔尼诺活动增强有关.2000 a B.P.以后,粒度参数、550℃烧失量和Ti元素含量的变幅明显增加与人类活动的影响有关,是人类活动和气候因素共同作用的结果.展开更多
利用漫反射光谱技术得到湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物的叶绿素a浓度.通过与TOC、Sr/Rb比值和磁化率的对比发现,叶绿素a浓度能够忠实地反映湖泊初级生产力的变化,较高的叶绿素a浓度代表季风较强、降雨量较高,反之亦然.湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物多环境代...利用漫反射光谱技术得到湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物的叶绿素a浓度.通过与TOC、Sr/Rb比值和磁化率的对比发现,叶绿素a浓度能够忠实地反映湖泊初级生产力的变化,较高的叶绿素a浓度代表季风较强、降雨量较高,反之亦然.湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物多环境代用指标分析结果显示,湛江地区早全新世季风强盛,中全新世季风迅速衰退.这种全新世季风演化模式与北半球季风区的很多地质记录以及北纬30°变化趋势相似,反映了太阳辐射是湛江地区千年尺度季风演化的主要驱动因素,但是湛江地区的季风演化滞后于太阳辐射变化大约2200 a.叶绿素a浓度记录显示6000 a BP左右季风迅速减弱,这与其他记录显示的季风渐变模式不同.一方面,太阳辐射渐变激发了湛江地区植被-大气圈的负反馈作用,这可能是造成6000 a BP左右气候迅速变干的原因之一;另一方面,沉积速率增加导致的稀释作用放大了叶绿素a浓度下降的趋势.3600 a BP以来的沉积环境可能受到了人类活动的影响.展开更多
Huguangyan Maar Lake is a typical maar lake in the southeast of China. It is well preserved and not disturbed by anthropogenic activities. In this study, microbial community structures in sediment and water samples fr...Huguangyan Maar Lake is a typical maar lake in the southeast of China. It is well preserved and not disturbed by anthropogenic activities. In this study, microbial community structures in sediment and water samples from Huguangyan Maar Lake were investigated using a high-throughput sequencing method. We found significant differences between the microbial community compositions of the water and the sediment. The sediment samples contained more diverse Bacteria and Archaea than did the water samples. Actinobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Deltaproteobacteria predominated in the water samples while Deltaproteobacteria, Anaerolineae, Nitrospira, and Dehalococcoidia were the major bacterial groups in the sediment. As for Archaea, Woesearchaeota (DHVEG-6), unclassified Archaea, and Deep Sea Euryarchaeotic Group were detected at higher abundances in the water, whereas the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotic Group, Thermoplasmata, and Methanomicrobia were significantly more abundant in the sediment. Interactions between Bacteria and Archaea were common in both the water column and the sediment. The concentrations of major nutrients (NO^3-, PO4^3-, SiO3^2- and NH4^+) shaped the microbial population structures in the water. At the higher phylogenetic levels including phylum and class, many of the dominant groups were those that were also abundant in other lakes;however, novel microbial populations (unclassified) were often seen at the lower phylogenetic levels. Our study lays a foundation for examining microbial biogeochemical cycling in sequestered lakes or reservoirs.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Youth Scholar (Grant No. 40325002)the Key Research Project of the Knowledge Innovation Program of CAS (Grant Nos. KZCX3-SW-145 and KZCX2-YW-117)+1 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2005CB422002-2)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40331011)
文摘A high-resolution pollen record of the past 13000 a from Huguangyan Maar Lake reveals the vegetation and environment changes in southern China during the Holocene. It shows that (i) pollen percentage of trees and shrubs reached 56% during the early Holocene (11600―7800 cal a BP), of which the pollen percentage of tropical trees reached a maximum at 9500―8000 cal a BP, reflecting a hot and wet envi- ronment; (ii) during the mid-Holocene (7800―4200 cal a BP), the pollen percentage of montane conif- erous trees and herbs increased, while the percentage of tropical-subtropical trees decreased, indi- cating lower temperature and humidity; (iii) in the late Holocene spanning from 4200 to 350 cal a BP, the pollen percentage of herbs and montane conifer increased significantly, indicating a marked decrease of temperature and humidity. Our pollen data reveal that the time period 9500―8000 cal a BP in south- ern China represents a climatic optimum for the Holocene characterized by hot and wet conditions. This is consistent with the Holocene optimum found in lower latitude regions globally. We speculate that strong insolation might cause the northward migration of the ITCZ and subtropical summer mon- soon front, which resulted in an early Holocene optimum in the Huguangyan area. The dry tendency and climate fluctuations of the middle and late Holocene could be associated with a decrease in solar insolation and frequent ENSO event.
文摘对湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物全新世粒度参数、550℃烧失量和Ti元素含量的变化特征研究后认为:粒度频率特征曲线指示湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物的外源输入部分主要来自其小流域;沉积物粒径的变化主要受降雨量,而不是湖泊水位波动的控制;较粗的粒径指示降雨量增加,较细的粒径指示降雨量降低.湛江地区全新世早期季风强盛,6085 a B.P.以后,季风显著减弱.湖光岩沉积物记录的全新世中期季风迅速减弱的发生时间与全球很多地质载体记录的全新世中期季风迅速减弱时间都非常接近,体现了湛江地区全新世季风演化的全球性.湛江地区6085 a B.P.以后的季风迅速减弱、气候转干很可能与厄尔尼诺活动增强有关.2000 a B.P.以后,粒度参数、550℃烧失量和Ti元素含量的变幅明显增加与人类活动的影响有关,是人类活动和气候因素共同作用的结果.
文摘利用漫反射光谱技术得到湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物的叶绿素a浓度.通过与TOC、Sr/Rb比值和磁化率的对比发现,叶绿素a浓度能够忠实地反映湖泊初级生产力的变化,较高的叶绿素a浓度代表季风较强、降雨量较高,反之亦然.湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物多环境代用指标分析结果显示,湛江地区早全新世季风强盛,中全新世季风迅速衰退.这种全新世季风演化模式与北半球季风区的很多地质记录以及北纬30°变化趋势相似,反映了太阳辐射是湛江地区千年尺度季风演化的主要驱动因素,但是湛江地区的季风演化滞后于太阳辐射变化大约2200 a.叶绿素a浓度记录显示6000 a BP左右季风迅速减弱,这与其他记录显示的季风渐变模式不同.一方面,太阳辐射渐变激发了湛江地区植被-大气圈的负反馈作用,这可能是造成6000 a BP左右气候迅速变干的原因之一;另一方面,沉积速率增加导致的稀释作用放大了叶绿素a浓度下降的趋势.3600 a BP以来的沉积环境可能受到了人类活动的影响.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41576123,41706129)the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(Nos.2015A030313326,2016A030312004)+2 种基金the International Science and Technology Cooperation Project(No.GASI-IPOVI-04)the Project of Enhancing School with Innovation of Guangdong Ocean University(No.GDOU2016050243)the Program for Scientific Research Start-Up Funds of Guangdong Ocean University(No.E15030)
文摘Huguangyan Maar Lake is a typical maar lake in the southeast of China. It is well preserved and not disturbed by anthropogenic activities. In this study, microbial community structures in sediment and water samples from Huguangyan Maar Lake were investigated using a high-throughput sequencing method. We found significant differences between the microbial community compositions of the water and the sediment. The sediment samples contained more diverse Bacteria and Archaea than did the water samples. Actinobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Deltaproteobacteria predominated in the water samples while Deltaproteobacteria, Anaerolineae, Nitrospira, and Dehalococcoidia were the major bacterial groups in the sediment. As for Archaea, Woesearchaeota (DHVEG-6), unclassified Archaea, and Deep Sea Euryarchaeotic Group were detected at higher abundances in the water, whereas the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotic Group, Thermoplasmata, and Methanomicrobia were significantly more abundant in the sediment. Interactions between Bacteria and Archaea were common in both the water column and the sediment. The concentrations of major nutrients (NO^3-, PO4^3-, SiO3^2- and NH4^+) shaped the microbial population structures in the water. At the higher phylogenetic levels including phylum and class, many of the dominant groups were those that were also abundant in other lakes;however, novel microbial populations (unclassified) were often seen at the lower phylogenetic levels. Our study lays a foundation for examining microbial biogeochemical cycling in sequestered lakes or reservoirs.
