间歇性可再生能源发电大量接入电力系统对系统运行灵活性提出了很高的要求。为解决实时调度中系统爬坡和滑坡能力不足问题,美国的一些独立系统运行机构(independent system operator,ISO)提出了一种新的电力市场产品——灵活调节产品(fl...间歇性可再生能源发电大量接入电力系统对系统运行灵活性提出了很高的要求。为解决实时调度中系统爬坡和滑坡能力不足问题,美国的一些独立系统运行机构(independent system operator,ISO)提出了一种新的电力市场产品——灵活调节产品(flexible ramping product,FRP),即通过预留额外的灵活性容量来满足系统可能的爬坡和滑坡需求,从而提高系统运行灵活性以便应对多种运行情况。首先,介绍电力系统运行灵活性的基本概念和相关问题,指出在任意时间尺度和多种复杂运行情况下能够保证供需平衡是系统具备高灵活性的重要特征之一,并分析了高比例可再生能源发电接入对系统运行灵活性的影响;接着,介绍灵活调节产品的基本概念、产品特点、定价机制和出清模型,并将其与现有的一些辅助服务进行比较;之后,通过2个算例直观展示灵活调节产品在提高电力系统运行灵活性方面的作用;最后,概述灵活调节产品的研究现状,并对未来灵活调节产品的研究进行展望。展开更多
In this paper, the principle and methods of system engineering are applied to studying the problem of educational long-term development planning. a complete mathematical-simulated model setup is adopted to describe th...In this paper, the principle and methods of system engineering are applied to studying the problem of educational long-term development planning. a complete mathematical-simulated model setup is adopted to describe the internal regularity between educational system and social economic macrosystem. and then. a set of effective methods are put forward to carry out educational planning. This model has been actually appliedcation in the project of educational planning research in Chongqing region,展开更多
文摘间歇性可再生能源发电大量接入电力系统对系统运行灵活性提出了很高的要求。为解决实时调度中系统爬坡和滑坡能力不足问题,美国的一些独立系统运行机构(independent system operator,ISO)提出了一种新的电力市场产品——灵活调节产品(flexible ramping product,FRP),即通过预留额外的灵活性容量来满足系统可能的爬坡和滑坡需求,从而提高系统运行灵活性以便应对多种运行情况。首先,介绍电力系统运行灵活性的基本概念和相关问题,指出在任意时间尺度和多种复杂运行情况下能够保证供需平衡是系统具备高灵活性的重要特征之一,并分析了高比例可再生能源发电接入对系统运行灵活性的影响;接着,介绍灵活调节产品的基本概念、产品特点、定价机制和出清模型,并将其与现有的一些辅助服务进行比较;之后,通过2个算例直观展示灵活调节产品在提高电力系统运行灵活性方面的作用;最后,概述灵活调节产品的研究现状,并对未来灵活调节产品的研究进行展望。
文摘In this paper, the principle and methods of system engineering are applied to studying the problem of educational long-term development planning. a complete mathematical-simulated model setup is adopted to describe the internal regularity between educational system and social economic macrosystem. and then. a set of effective methods are put forward to carry out educational planning. This model has been actually appliedcation in the project of educational planning research in Chongqing region,
