In the last decade the impressive expansion of our knowledge of the vast microbial community that resides in the human intestine, the gut microbiota, has provided support to the concept that a disturbed intestinal eco...In the last decade the impressive expansion of our knowledge of the vast microbial community that resides in the human intestine, the gut microbiota, has provided support to the concept that a disturbed intestinal ecology might promote development and maintenance of symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome(IBS). As a correlate, manipulation of gut microbiota represents a new strategy for the treatment of this multifactorial disease. A number of attempts have been made to modulate the gut bacterial composition, following the idea that expansion of bacterial species considered as beneficial(Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria) associated with the reduction of those considered harmful(Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Pseudomonas) should attenuate IBS symptoms. In this conceptual framework, probiotics appear an attractive option in terms of both efficacy and safety, while prebiotics, synbiotics and antibiotics still need confirmation. Fecal transplant is an old treatment translated from the cure of intestinal infective pathologies that has recently gained a new life as therapeutic option for those patients with a disturbed gut ecosystem, but data on IBS are scanty and randomized, placebo-controlled studies are required.展开更多
Chronic functional constipation is a kind of common intestinal disease that occurs in children, adults and elderly people. This disease not only causes great influence to physiological function, but also results in va...Chronic functional constipation is a kind of common intestinal disease that occurs in children, adults and elderly people. This disease not only causes great influence to physiological function, but also results in varying degrees of psychological barriers. At present, constipation treatments continue to rely on traditional methods such as purgative therapy and surgery. However, these approaches can disrupt intestinal function. Recent research between intestinal diseases and gut microbiota has gradually revealed a connection between constipation and intestinal flora disturbance, providing a theoretical basis for microbial treatment in chronic constipation. Microbial treatment mainly includes probiotic preparations such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT). Due to its safety, convenience and curative effect, probiotic preparations have been widely accepted, especially gradually developed FMT with higher curative effects. Microbial treatment improves clinical symptoms, promotes the recovery of intestinal flora, and has no complications during the treatment process. Compared with traditional treatments, microbial treatment in chronic constipation has advantages, and is worthy of further promotion from clinical research to clinical application.展开更多
目的探讨合生元制剂治疗慢性功能性便秘的临床疗效,以及治疗前后肠道菌群的变化。方法选取2016年7月—2017年3月同济大学附属第十人民医院收治的慢性功能性便秘患者24例为研究对象。患者均采用合生元制剂治疗1个月,记录治疗前后排便习...目的探讨合生元制剂治疗慢性功能性便秘的临床疗效,以及治疗前后肠道菌群的变化。方法选取2016年7月—2017年3月同济大学附属第十人民医院收治的慢性功能性便秘患者24例为研究对象。患者均采用合生元制剂治疗1个月,记录治疗前后排便习惯和不良反应发生情况。留取治疗前后新鲜粪便样本,采用16S r RNA细菌检测技术鉴定肠道菌群,并对治疗前后自身对照的两组样本进行菌群差异分析。结果慢性功能性便秘患者经合生元治疗后排便次数增加,腹胀、食欲不振、焦虑情绪、泻剂依赖性发生率降低(P<0.05)。治疗后Faecalibacterium、Prevotella_9、Subdoligranulum、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002、Bacillus、Roseburia、Pseudobutyrivibrio、Enterobacteriaceae_unclassified、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014、[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group丰度较治疗前增高,Bacteroides、Christensenellaceae_R-7_group、Parabacteroides、Alistipes、Escherichia-Shigella、Blautia、Lachnoclostridium、Phascolarctobacterium、Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003、Ruminococcus_2、Dialister丰度较治疗前降低。结论合生元可增加慢性功能性便秘患者排便次数,改善临床症状及肠道菌群结构,可成为一种新的临床治疗策略。展开更多
Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer.Current treatments are all associated with a high risk of complications and a low success rate.Recently,synbiotics have been proposed as a new preventive and t...Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer.Current treatments are all associated with a high risk of complications and a low success rate.Recently,synbiotics have been proposed as a new preventive and therapeutic option.There is no direct experimental evidence for cancer suppression in humans as a result of the consumption of pro-,pre-or synbiotics.However,there is a wealth of evidence emerging from laboratory studies.The mechanisms by which pro-,pre-and synbiotics may inhibit colon cancer are now beginning to be understood and will be addressed in the present review.展开更多
文摘In the last decade the impressive expansion of our knowledge of the vast microbial community that resides in the human intestine, the gut microbiota, has provided support to the concept that a disturbed intestinal ecology might promote development and maintenance of symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome(IBS). As a correlate, manipulation of gut microbiota represents a new strategy for the treatment of this multifactorial disease. A number of attempts have been made to modulate the gut bacterial composition, following the idea that expansion of bacterial species considered as beneficial(Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria) associated with the reduction of those considered harmful(Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Pseudomonas) should attenuate IBS symptoms. In this conceptual framework, probiotics appear an attractive option in terms of both efficacy and safety, while prebiotics, synbiotics and antibiotics still need confirmation. Fecal transplant is an old treatment translated from the cure of intestinal infective pathologies that has recently gained a new life as therapeutic option for those patients with a disturbed gut ecosystem, but data on IBS are scanty and randomized, placebo-controlled studies are required.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81230057,81200264,81372615,81472262)the Emerging Cutting-Edge Technology Joint Research Projects of Shanghai(SHDC12012106)the Tongji University Subject Pilot Program(162385)
文摘Chronic functional constipation is a kind of common intestinal disease that occurs in children, adults and elderly people. This disease not only causes great influence to physiological function, but also results in varying degrees of psychological barriers. At present, constipation treatments continue to rely on traditional methods such as purgative therapy and surgery. However, these approaches can disrupt intestinal function. Recent research between intestinal diseases and gut microbiota has gradually revealed a connection between constipation and intestinal flora disturbance, providing a theoretical basis for microbial treatment in chronic constipation. Microbial treatment mainly includes probiotic preparations such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT). Due to its safety, convenience and curative effect, probiotic preparations have been widely accepted, especially gradually developed FMT with higher curative effects. Microbial treatment improves clinical symptoms, promotes the recovery of intestinal flora, and has no complications during the treatment process. Compared with traditional treatments, microbial treatment in chronic constipation has advantages, and is worthy of further promotion from clinical research to clinical application.
文摘目的探讨合生元制剂治疗慢性功能性便秘的临床疗效,以及治疗前后肠道菌群的变化。方法选取2016年7月—2017年3月同济大学附属第十人民医院收治的慢性功能性便秘患者24例为研究对象。患者均采用合生元制剂治疗1个月,记录治疗前后排便习惯和不良反应发生情况。留取治疗前后新鲜粪便样本,采用16S r RNA细菌检测技术鉴定肠道菌群,并对治疗前后自身对照的两组样本进行菌群差异分析。结果慢性功能性便秘患者经合生元治疗后排便次数增加,腹胀、食欲不振、焦虑情绪、泻剂依赖性发生率降低(P<0.05)。治疗后Faecalibacterium、Prevotella_9、Subdoligranulum、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002、Bacillus、Roseburia、Pseudobutyrivibrio、Enterobacteriaceae_unclassified、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014、[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group丰度较治疗前增高,Bacteroides、Christensenellaceae_R-7_group、Parabacteroides、Alistipes、Escherichia-Shigella、Blautia、Lachnoclostridium、Phascolarctobacterium、Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003、Ruminococcus_2、Dialister丰度较治疗前降低。结论合生元可增加慢性功能性便秘患者排便次数,改善临床症状及肠道菌群结构,可成为一种新的临床治疗策略。
基金Supported by The National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School
文摘Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer.Current treatments are all associated with a high risk of complications and a low success rate.Recently,synbiotics have been proposed as a new preventive and therapeutic option.There is no direct experimental evidence for cancer suppression in humans as a result of the consumption of pro-,pre-or synbiotics.However,there is a wealth of evidence emerging from laboratory studies.The mechanisms by which pro-,pre-and synbiotics may inhibit colon cancer are now beginning to be understood and will be addressed in the present review.
