针对农用植保无人机超低容量喷施作业时,使用液力喷嘴产生的雾滴粒径较大,离心喷嘴结构复杂、价格较高等不足,基于旋流雾化的原理并采用模块化方法,提出了一种超低容量旋流喷嘴结构。通过对旋流喷嘴内流场的流体动力学行为和雾化特性进...针对农用植保无人机超低容量喷施作业时,使用液力喷嘴产生的雾滴粒径较大,离心喷嘴结构复杂、价格较高等不足,基于旋流雾化的原理并采用模块化方法,提出了一种超低容量旋流喷嘴结构。通过对旋流喷嘴内流场的流体动力学行为和雾化特性进行数值分析与试验,明确了流体的物理特性和旋流喷嘴的结构参数等对雾化性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,液膜表面的正弦波失稳是导致锥形液膜碎化为雾滴的主要原因,在旋流喷嘴的结构参数中,喷嘴出口直径是喷嘴雾化性能的主要影响因素。当喷嘴出口直径从1增大至1.5 mm,喷雾流量平均增大了46.23%,喷雾角平均增大了29.77%,产生雾滴的索特平均直径平均增大了15%。此外,喷雾流量还与旋流槽数量成比例,旋流槽的螺旋角主要影响喷雾角。喷嘴入口处的流体相对压强则对喷雾角及雾滴粒径有较大的影响,其中喷雾角随着相对压强的增大而增大,而雾滴的索特平均直径随压强的增大呈非线性递减,当流体的相对压强从70增大至160 k Pa时,系列化旋流喷嘴的索特平均直径降低了约25%~35%。此外对于旋流喷嘴而言,流体黏度的增大会导致喷雾角的减小,但适当增加流体的黏度（不超过纯水黏度的200%）可显著降低雾滴的平均粒径,提高喷嘴的雾化质量。该研究可为农用无人机超低容量变量喷洒系统的研发提供参考。展开更多
The demand for the swirl nozzle with enhanced temperature resistance and lightweight properties is in-creasing as the thrust-to-weight ratio of aero-engines rises.The Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic swirl nozzle can maintain high...The demand for the swirl nozzle with enhanced temperature resistance and lightweight properties is in-creasing as the thrust-to-weight ratio of aero-engines rises.The Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic swirl nozzle can maintain high strength in a hostile environment of high temperature and severe corrosion,while also meeting the requirements of aircraft to enhance efficiency and decrease weight.However,Al_(2)O_(3) ceramics are limited in their application for aerospace components due to their poor thermal shock resistance(TSR)stemming from their inherent brittleness.This work reported an innovative design and fabrication strategy based on photopolymerization 3D printing technology to realize the three-dimensional shell structure through element interdiffusion and nanoscale stacking of the reinforced phase.With this strategy,a novel type of the new dual-structure Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic composed of MgAl_(2)O_(4) shell structure and matrix could be con-structed in situ.The nano-sized MgAl_(2)O_(4) caused a crack passivation effect after the thermal shock,which could improve the strength and TSR of 3D-printed Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic.In addition,the effects of MgO content and sintering temperature on sintering behavior,flexural strength,porosity,and TSR of Al_(2)O_(3) ceram-ics manufactured by digital light processing(DLP)processing were systematically studied.The optimum overall performance of Al_(2)O_(3) ceramics was obtained at the sintering temperature of 1550℃and the MgO content of 1.0 wt.%,with a maximum flexural strength of 111.929 MPa and a critical temperature difference of 374.24℃for TSR.Based on the above research,an aero-engine swirl nozzle with high ther-mal shock resistance has been successfully prepared by ceramic 3D printing technology,which enhances high-temperature resistance and promotes lightweight design in aero-engine.展开更多
文摘针对农用植保无人机超低容量喷施作业时,使用液力喷嘴产生的雾滴粒径较大,离心喷嘴结构复杂、价格较高等不足,基于旋流雾化的原理并采用模块化方法,提出了一种超低容量旋流喷嘴结构。通过对旋流喷嘴内流场的流体动力学行为和雾化特性进行数值分析与试验,明确了流体的物理特性和旋流喷嘴的结构参数等对雾化性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,液膜表面的正弦波失稳是导致锥形液膜碎化为雾滴的主要原因,在旋流喷嘴的结构参数中,喷嘴出口直径是喷嘴雾化性能的主要影响因素。当喷嘴出口直径从1增大至1.5 mm,喷雾流量平均增大了46.23%,喷雾角平均增大了29.77%,产生雾滴的索特平均直径平均增大了15%。此外,喷雾流量还与旋流槽数量成比例,旋流槽的螺旋角主要影响喷雾角。喷嘴入口处的流体相对压强则对喷雾角及雾滴粒径有较大的影响,其中喷雾角随着相对压强的增大而增大,而雾滴的索特平均直径随压强的增大呈非线性递减,当流体的相对压强从70增大至160 k Pa时,系列化旋流喷嘴的索特平均直径降低了约25%~35%。此外对于旋流喷嘴而言,流体黏度的增大会导致喷雾角的减小,但适当增加流体的黏度（不超过纯水黏度的200%）可显著降低雾滴的平均粒径,提高喷嘴的雾化质量。该研究可为农用无人机超低容量变量喷洒系统的研发提供参考。
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0700704)National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China(Grant No.JCKY2022130C005)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U22A20129)National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2017-VI-0002–0072)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB1106600)Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Foundation of USTC(Nos.CY2022G10 and CY2022C24)。
文摘The demand for the swirl nozzle with enhanced temperature resistance and lightweight properties is in-creasing as the thrust-to-weight ratio of aero-engines rises.The Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic swirl nozzle can maintain high strength in a hostile environment of high temperature and severe corrosion,while also meeting the requirements of aircraft to enhance efficiency and decrease weight.However,Al_(2)O_(3) ceramics are limited in their application for aerospace components due to their poor thermal shock resistance(TSR)stemming from their inherent brittleness.This work reported an innovative design and fabrication strategy based on photopolymerization 3D printing technology to realize the three-dimensional shell structure through element interdiffusion and nanoscale stacking of the reinforced phase.With this strategy,a novel type of the new dual-structure Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic composed of MgAl_(2)O_(4) shell structure and matrix could be con-structed in situ.The nano-sized MgAl_(2)O_(4) caused a crack passivation effect after the thermal shock,which could improve the strength and TSR of 3D-printed Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic.In addition,the effects of MgO content and sintering temperature on sintering behavior,flexural strength,porosity,and TSR of Al_(2)O_(3) ceram-ics manufactured by digital light processing(DLP)processing were systematically studied.The optimum overall performance of Al_(2)O_(3) ceramics was obtained at the sintering temperature of 1550℃and the MgO content of 1.0 wt.%,with a maximum flexural strength of 111.929 MPa and a critical temperature difference of 374.24℃for TSR.Based on the above research,an aero-engine swirl nozzle with high ther-mal shock resistance has been successfully prepared by ceramic 3D printing technology,which enhances high-temperature resistance and promotes lightweight design in aero-engine.
