Atoms in most organic molecules are often carbon,oxygen,nitrogen,sulfur,halogens,etc. Based on the three-dimensional structure of a molecule,a molecular structural characterization（MSC） method called improved molecu...Atoms in most organic molecules are often carbon,oxygen,nitrogen,sulfur,halogens,etc. Based on the three-dimensional structure of a molecule,a molecular structural characterization（MSC） method called improved molecular electronegativity-distance vector（I-MEDV） was developed. It was used to describe the structures of 37 compounds of styrax japonicus sieb flowers. Through multiple linear regression（MLR）,a QSRR model was built up. The correlation coefficient（R1） of the model was 0.980. Then,4 vectors were selected to build another model through the method of stepwise multiple regression（SMR） ,and the correlation coefficient（R2） of the model was 0.975. Moreover,all the two models were evaluated by performing the crossvalidation with the leave-one-out（LOO） procedure and the correlation coefficients（Rcv） were 0.948 and 0.968,respectively. The results show that the I-MEDV could successfully describe the structures of organic compounds. The stability and predictability of the models were good.展开更多
【目的】目前驱避剂的作用机理研究还不理想,本研究从单个萜类驱避化合物分子与不同种类引诱气味分子同时相互缔合的角度入手,通过理论计算探究该缔合与蚊虫驱避作用的关系,从而为驱避作用机理研究提供新认识。【方法】利用Gaussian Vie...【目的】目前驱避剂的作用机理研究还不理想,本研究从单个萜类驱避化合物分子与不同种类引诱气味分子同时相互缔合的角度入手,通过理论计算探究该缔合与蚊虫驱避作用的关系,从而为驱避作用机理研究提供新认识。【方法】利用Gaussian View4.1和Gaussian03W软件构建和优化萜类驱避化合物单体、单体与引诱物L-乳酸及氨分子同时缔合后三分子缔合体的结构,获得其最低能量结构和缔合能;通过程序Ampac 8.16将前述结构导入到程序Codessa 2.7.10,计算各类结构描述符;再利用Codessa 2.7.10的启发式方法得到一系列缔合体结构描述符与驱避活性之间的定量关系模型,并通过转折点确定、模型验证后确定最佳定量关系计算模型。【结果】三分子缔合的缔合能基本上在20~50 kJ/mol的范围,所得最佳三参数定量计算模型的R2值为0.9098,包含的3个结构描述符分别是三分子缔合体的maximum nucleophilic reactivity index for a C atom,topographic electronic index（all bonds）[Zefirov’s PC]和exchange energy＋e-e repulsion for a H-O bond。【结论】萜类驱避化合物分子可同时与2个不同种类的引诱物分子发生缔合作用,该缔合作用符合氢键的能量基本特征;缔合体的碳原子最大原子核反应指数、所有键的拓扑电子指数、氢氧键电子间交换互斥能对驱避活性影响显著。这些结果初步说明萜类驱避化合物与引诱物三分子缔合作用确实存在,且该缔合作用对驱避活性具有显著影响,这为驱避机理的研究提供了新的理论依据。展开更多
Owing to increasing global demand for carbon neutral and fossil-free energy systems,extensive research is being conducted on efficient and inexpensive electrocatalysts for catalyzing the kinetically sluggish oxygen re...Owing to increasing global demand for carbon neutral and fossil-free energy systems,extensive research is being conducted on efficient and inexpensive electrocatalysts for catalyzing the kinetically sluggish oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)at the cathode of fuel cells.Platinum(Pt)-based alloys are considered promising candidates for replacing expensive Pt catalysts.However,the current screening process of Pt-based alloys is time-consuming and labor-intensive,and the descriptor for predicting the activity of Pt-based catalysts is generally inaccurate.This study proposed a strategy by combining high-throughput first-principles calculations and machine learning to explore the descriptor used for screening Pt-based alloy catalysts with high Pt utilization and low Pt consump-tion.Among the 77 prescreened candidates,we identified 5 potential candidates for catalyzing ORR with low overpotential.Furthermore,during the second and third rounds of active learning,more Pt-based alloys ORR candidates are identi-fied based on the relationship between structural features of Pt-based alloys and their activity.In addition,we highlighted the role of structural features in Pt-based alloys and found that the difference between the electronegativity of Pt and heteroatom,the valence electrons number of the heteroatom,and the ratio of heteroatoms around Pt are the main factors that affect the activity of ORR.More importantly,the combination of those structural features can be used as structural descriptor for predicting the activity of Pt-based alloys.We believe the findings of this study will provide new insight for predicting ORR activ-ity and contribute to exploring Pt-based electrocatalysts with high Pt utiliza-tion and low Pt consumption experimentally.展开更多
Nitrogen(N)doping has been widely adopted to improve the light absorption of TiO_(2).However,the newly introduced N-2p states are largely localized thus barely overlap with O-2p states in the valence band of TiO_(2),r...Nitrogen(N)doping has been widely adopted to improve the light absorption of TiO_(2).However,the newly introduced N-2p states are largely localized thus barely overlap with O-2p states in the valence band of TiO_(2),resulting in a shoulder-like absorption edge.To realize an apparent overlap between N-2p and O-2p states,charge compensation between N^(3-)and O^(2-)via electron transfer from oxygen vacancies(VO)to N dopants is one possible strategy.To verify this,in numerous doping configurations of N/VO-codoped anatase TiO_(2),we identified two types of VOposition independent N-dopant spatial orderings by efficient screening enabled with a newly designed structural descriptor.Compared with others,these two types of the N-dopant spatial orderings are highly beneficial for charge compensation to produce an apparent overlap between N-2p and O-2p states,therefore achieving a large bandgap narrowing.Furthermore,the two types of the N-dopant spatial orderings can also be generalized to N/VO-codoped rutile TiO_(2)for bandgap narrowing.展开更多
基金supported by the Youth Foundation of Education Bureau,Sichuan Province (09ZB036)Technology Bureau,Sichuan Province (2006j13-141)
文摘Atoms in most organic molecules are often carbon,oxygen,nitrogen,sulfur,halogens,etc. Based on the three-dimensional structure of a molecule,a molecular structural characterization（MSC） method called improved molecular electronegativity-distance vector（I-MEDV） was developed. It was used to describe the structures of 37 compounds of styrax japonicus sieb flowers. Through multiple linear regression（MLR）,a QSRR model was built up. The correlation coefficient（R1） of the model was 0.980. Then,4 vectors were selected to build another model through the method of stepwise multiple regression（SMR） ,and the correlation coefficient（R2） of the model was 0.975. Moreover,all the two models were evaluated by performing the crossvalidation with the leave-one-out（LOO） procedure and the correlation coefficients（Rcv） were 0.948 and 0.968,respectively. The results show that the I-MEDV could successfully describe the structures of organic compounds. The stability and predictability of the models were good.
文摘【目的】目前驱避剂的作用机理研究还不理想,本研究从单个萜类驱避化合物分子与不同种类引诱气味分子同时相互缔合的角度入手,通过理论计算探究该缔合与蚊虫驱避作用的关系,从而为驱避作用机理研究提供新认识。【方法】利用Gaussian View4.1和Gaussian03W软件构建和优化萜类驱避化合物单体、单体与引诱物L-乳酸及氨分子同时缔合后三分子缔合体的结构,获得其最低能量结构和缔合能;通过程序Ampac 8.16将前述结构导入到程序Codessa 2.7.10,计算各类结构描述符;再利用Codessa 2.7.10的启发式方法得到一系列缔合体结构描述符与驱避活性之间的定量关系模型,并通过转折点确定、模型验证后确定最佳定量关系计算模型。【结果】三分子缔合的缔合能基本上在20~50 kJ/mol的范围,所得最佳三参数定量计算模型的R2值为0.9098,包含的3个结构描述符分别是三分子缔合体的maximum nucleophilic reactivity index for a C atom,topographic electronic index（all bonds）[Zefirov’s PC]和exchange energy＋e-e repulsion for a H-O bond。【结论】萜类驱避化合物分子可同时与2个不同种类的引诱物分子发生缔合作用,该缔合作用符合氢键的能量基本特征;缔合体的碳原子最大原子核反应指数、所有键的拓扑电子指数、氢氧键电子间交换互斥能对驱避活性影响显著。这些结果初步说明萜类驱避化合物与引诱物三分子缔合作用确实存在,且该缔合作用对驱避活性具有显著影响,这为驱避机理的研究提供了新的理论依据。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51702352,21975280,22102208,52173234,52202214Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST,Grant/Award Number:YESS20210226+3 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,Grant/Award Numbers:RCJC20200714114435061,JCYJ20210324102008023,JSGG20210802153408024Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao Technology Research Program,Grant/Award Number:Type C,SGDX2020110309300301Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Numbers:2022A1515010554,2023A1515030178CCF-Tencent Open Fund and Innovation and Program for Excellent Young Researchers of SIAT,Grant/Award Number:E1G041。
文摘Owing to increasing global demand for carbon neutral and fossil-free energy systems,extensive research is being conducted on efficient and inexpensive electrocatalysts for catalyzing the kinetically sluggish oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)at the cathode of fuel cells.Platinum(Pt)-based alloys are considered promising candidates for replacing expensive Pt catalysts.However,the current screening process of Pt-based alloys is time-consuming and labor-intensive,and the descriptor for predicting the activity of Pt-based catalysts is generally inaccurate.This study proposed a strategy by combining high-throughput first-principles calculations and machine learning to explore the descriptor used for screening Pt-based alloy catalysts with high Pt utilization and low Pt consump-tion.Among the 77 prescreened candidates,we identified 5 potential candidates for catalyzing ORR with low overpotential.Furthermore,during the second and third rounds of active learning,more Pt-based alloys ORR candidates are identi-fied based on the relationship between structural features of Pt-based alloys and their activity.In addition,we highlighted the role of structural features in Pt-based alloys and found that the difference between the electronegativity of Pt and heteroatom,the valence electrons number of the heteroatom,and the ratio of heteroatoms around Pt are the main factors that affect the activity of ORR.More importantly,the combination of those structural features can be used as structural descriptor for predicting the activity of Pt-based alloys.We believe the findings of this study will provide new insight for predicting ORR activ-ity and contribute to exploring Pt-based electrocatalysts with high Pt utiliza-tion and low Pt consumption experimentally.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51972312,51825204,21633009)。
文摘Nitrogen(N)doping has been widely adopted to improve the light absorption of TiO_(2).However,the newly introduced N-2p states are largely localized thus barely overlap with O-2p states in the valence band of TiO_(2),resulting in a shoulder-like absorption edge.To realize an apparent overlap between N-2p and O-2p states,charge compensation between N^(3-)and O^(2-)via electron transfer from oxygen vacancies(VO)to N dopants is one possible strategy.To verify this,in numerous doping configurations of N/VO-codoped anatase TiO_(2),we identified two types of VOposition independent N-dopant spatial orderings by efficient screening enabled with a newly designed structural descriptor.Compared with others,these two types of the N-dopant spatial orderings are highly beneficial for charge compensation to produce an apparent overlap between N-2p and O-2p states,therefore achieving a large bandgap narrowing.Furthermore,the two types of the N-dopant spatial orderings can also be generalized to N/VO-codoped rutile TiO_(2)for bandgap narrowing.
