As an essential plant macronutrient, the low availability of phosphorus （P） in most soils imposes serious limitation on crop production. Plants have evolved complex responsive and adaptive mechanisms for acquisition...As an essential plant macronutrient, the low availability of phosphorus （P） in most soils imposes serious limitation on crop production. Plants have evolved complex responsive and adaptive mechanisms for acquisition, remobilization and recycling of phosphate （Pi） to maintain P homeostasis. Spatio-temporal molecular, physiological, and biochemical Pi deficiency responses developed by plants are the consequence of local and systemic sensing and signaling pathways. Pi deficiency is sensed locally by the root system where hormones serve as important signaling components in terms of developmental reprogramming, leading to changes in root system architecture. Root-to-shoot and shoot-to-root signals, delivered through the xylem and phloem, respectively, involving Pi itself, hormones, miRNAs, mRNAs, and sucrose, serve to coordinate Pi deficiency responses at the whole-plant level. A combination of chromatin remodeling, transcriptional and posttranslational events contribute to globally regulating a wide range of Pi deficiency responses. In this review, recent advances are evaluated in terms of progress toward developing a comprehen- sive understanding of the molecular events underlying control over P homeostasis. Application of this knowledge, in terms of developing crop plants having enhanced attributes for P use efficiency, is discussed from the perspective of agricultural sustainability in the face of diminishing global P supplies.展开更多
【目的】最近在植物中发现了一类Ca2+传感蛋白——类钙调磷酸酶B亚基蛋白CBL(calcineurin B-likeproteins),CBL及其靶蛋白CIPK(CBL-interacting protein kinase)构成CBL/CIPK信号网络系统,在植物干旱、盐渍、低温等逆境胁迫应答中起重...【目的】最近在植物中发现了一类Ca2+传感蛋白——类钙调磷酸酶B亚基蛋白CBL(calcineurin B-likeproteins),CBL及其靶蛋白CIPK(CBL-interacting protein kinase)构成CBL/CIPK信号网络系统,在植物干旱、盐渍、低温等逆境胁迫应答中起重要作用。鉴定梨基因组中CBL家族基因成员,对其基因进化、结构与表达特征进行分析,为植物CBL基因功能分析与利用提供依据。【方法】通过生物信息学手段,结合梨基因组注释信息,鉴定梨CBL家族成员序列信息;利用MEGA6.0程序进行多序列比对、分类并构建系统进化树;利用per1程序、GSDS工具以及ClustalX软件进行基因结构与保守性分析;通过qRT-PCR技术进行多种非生物胁迫处理下PbCBLs表达分析。【结果】成功鉴定出7个CBL家族成员,基因结构预测表明PbCBL9含5个内含子,其余PbCBLs均含有7—8个内含子;预测的PbCBLs均含4个EF-hand功能域,且相邻EF-hand功能域之间氨基酸数目非常保守;通过系统发育树分析,将7个PbCBLs分为2类;qRT-PCR技术进行不同胁迫处理下杜梨叶片PbCBLs的表达分析,结果表明,在NaCl胁迫下,PbCBL1表达量6h降至最低,24h则明显升高;与之相反,PbCBL2和PbCBL3的表达量在6h达最高,24h最低;PbCBL4和PbCBL8表达量在3h明显增加,随后表达量下降;PbCBL9表现明显的上调趋势,24h达到最大;PbCBL10则在6h表达量最高。10%(w/v)PEG6000胁迫处理下,PbCBL2、PbCBL4和PbCBL8表达量上调,PbCBL1表达量下调;PbCBL3、PbCBL9和PbCBL10表达量均在6h最低,12h和24h较6h明显升高,PbCBL3和PbCBL10于24h表达量达到最高,而PbCBL9在12h表达量最高。4℃低温处理下,PbCBL2、PbCBL4、PbCBL8表达量上调;而PbCBL1和PbCBL3表达量下调;PbCBL9和PbCBL10表达量表现上下波动的变化趋势,均在3h有明显增加,随后显著降低。42℃高温胁迫处理下,PbCBL1、PbCBL3和PbCBL4表达量下调;PbCBL2表达量整体上调,6h达到最高;PbCBL8、PbCBL9和PbCBL10总体呈现相同的变化趋展开更多
基金supported by grants from the United States Department of AgricultureNational Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA 201015479+2 种基金 W.J.L.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31025022 H.L.)
文摘As an essential plant macronutrient, the low availability of phosphorus （P） in most soils imposes serious limitation on crop production. Plants have evolved complex responsive and adaptive mechanisms for acquisition, remobilization and recycling of phosphate （Pi） to maintain P homeostasis. Spatio-temporal molecular, physiological, and biochemical Pi deficiency responses developed by plants are the consequence of local and systemic sensing and signaling pathways. Pi deficiency is sensed locally by the root system where hormones serve as important signaling components in terms of developmental reprogramming, leading to changes in root system architecture. Root-to-shoot and shoot-to-root signals, delivered through the xylem and phloem, respectively, involving Pi itself, hormones, miRNAs, mRNAs, and sucrose, serve to coordinate Pi deficiency responses at the whole-plant level. A combination of chromatin remodeling, transcriptional and posttranslational events contribute to globally regulating a wide range of Pi deficiency responses. In this review, recent advances are evaluated in terms of progress toward developing a comprehen- sive understanding of the molecular events underlying control over P homeostasis. Application of this knowledge, in terms of developing crop plants having enhanced attributes for P use efficiency, is discussed from the perspective of agricultural sustainability in the face of diminishing global P supplies.
文摘【目的】最近在植物中发现了一类Ca2+传感蛋白——类钙调磷酸酶B亚基蛋白CBL(calcineurin B-likeproteins),CBL及其靶蛋白CIPK(CBL-interacting protein kinase)构成CBL/CIPK信号网络系统,在植物干旱、盐渍、低温等逆境胁迫应答中起重要作用。鉴定梨基因组中CBL家族基因成员,对其基因进化、结构与表达特征进行分析,为植物CBL基因功能分析与利用提供依据。【方法】通过生物信息学手段,结合梨基因组注释信息,鉴定梨CBL家族成员序列信息;利用MEGA6.0程序进行多序列比对、分类并构建系统进化树;利用per1程序、GSDS工具以及ClustalX软件进行基因结构与保守性分析;通过qRT-PCR技术进行多种非生物胁迫处理下PbCBLs表达分析。【结果】成功鉴定出7个CBL家族成员,基因结构预测表明PbCBL9含5个内含子,其余PbCBLs均含有7—8个内含子;预测的PbCBLs均含4个EF-hand功能域,且相邻EF-hand功能域之间氨基酸数目非常保守;通过系统发育树分析,将7个PbCBLs分为2类;qRT-PCR技术进行不同胁迫处理下杜梨叶片PbCBLs的表达分析,结果表明,在NaCl胁迫下,PbCBL1表达量6h降至最低,24h则明显升高;与之相反,PbCBL2和PbCBL3的表达量在6h达最高,24h最低;PbCBL4和PbCBL8表达量在3h明显增加,随后表达量下降;PbCBL9表现明显的上调趋势,24h达到最大;PbCBL10则在6h表达量最高。10%(w/v)PEG6000胁迫处理下,PbCBL2、PbCBL4和PbCBL8表达量上调,PbCBL1表达量下调;PbCBL3、PbCBL9和PbCBL10表达量均在6h最低,12h和24h较6h明显升高,PbCBL3和PbCBL10于24h表达量达到最高,而PbCBL9在12h表达量最高。4℃低温处理下,PbCBL2、PbCBL4、PbCBL8表达量上调;而PbCBL1和PbCBL3表达量下调;PbCBL9和PbCBL10表达量表现上下波动的变化趋势,均在3h有明显增加,随后显著降低。42℃高温胁迫处理下,PbCBL1、PbCBL3和PbCBL4表达量下调;PbCBL2表达量整体上调,6h达到最高;PbCBL8、PbCBL9和PbCBL10总体呈现相同的变化趋
