Research into heat shock proteins (HSPs) for the clinical management of tumours has intensified as new evidence shows they can be used as biomarkers in carcinogenesis and are related to poor prognosis in some cancer t...Research into heat shock proteins (HSPs) for the clinical management of tumours has intensified as new evidence shows they can be used as biomarkers in carcinogenesis and are related to poor prognosis in some cancer types. Members of small HSP, HSP70 and HSP90 families have been studied extensively in breast cancer. This article reviews current understanding of the role of HSP and HSF-1 (Heat shock factor 1) expression in human breast cancer and looks at its potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic value. The exciting progress that has been made using HSP 90 inhibitors in breast cancer treatment is examined and the results of preliminary studies on the expression of stress proteins in the animal model canine mammary tumours are also presented.展开更多
Production of heat-shock proteins （Hsps） is a key adaptation to acute heat stress and will be important in determining plant responses to climate change. Further, intraspecifc variation in Hsps, which will influence...Production of heat-shock proteins （Hsps） is a key adaptation to acute heat stress and will be important in determining plant responses to climate change. Further, intraspecifc variation in Hsps, which will influence species-level response to global warming, has rarely been examined in naturally occurring plants. To understand intraspecific variation in plant Hsps and its relevance to global warming, we examined Hsp content and thermotolerance in five naturally occurring populations of Chenopodium album L. from contrasting thermal environments grown at low and high temperatures. As expected, Hsp accumulation varied between populations, but this was related more to habitat variability than to mean temperature. Unexpectedly, Hsp accumulation decreased with increasing variability of habitat temperatures. Hsp accumulation also decreased with increased experimental growth temperatures. Physiological thermotolerance was partitioned into basal and induced components. As with Hsps, induced thermotolerance decreased with increasing temperature variability. Thus, populations native to the more stressful habitats, or grown at higher temperatures, had lower Hsp levels and induced thermotolerance, suggesting a greater reliance on basal mechanisms for thermotolerance. These results suggest that future global climate change will differentially impact ecotypes within species, possibly by selecting for increased basal versus inducible thermotolerance.展开更多
Stress proteins are synthesized in all organisms from bacteria, plants, animals and humans, even in incubated cells and tissues by induction of environmental stress. This protein was first observed in the chromosomes ...Stress proteins are synthesized in all organisms from bacteria, plants, animals and humans, even in incubated cells and tissues by induction of environmental stress. This protein was first observed in the chromosomes of fruit fly in response to unlethal hyperthermia, so it is also called'heat shock protein'（Hsp）. Except for heat shock, the stress or heat shock proteins can also be induced by exposure to environmental stress, such as cold injury, chemicals such as alcohol, Cd<sup>2+</sup> and other heavy metal, amino acid analogues展开更多
To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of lithium on cells, in this study, we exposed SH-SY5Y cells to 0.5 mmol/L lithium carbonate （Li2CO2） for 25-50 weeks and then detected th...To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of lithium on cells, in this study, we exposed SH-SY5Y cells to 0.5 mmol/L lithium carbonate （Li2CO2） for 25-50 weeks and then detected the expression levels of some neurobiology related genes and post-translational modifications of stress proteins in SH-SYSY cells, cDNA arrays showed that pyruvate kinase 2 （PKM2） and calmodulin 3 （CaM 3） expression levels were significantly down-regulated, phosphatase protein PP2A expression was lightly down-regulated, and casein kinase II （CK2）, threonine/tyrosine phosphatase 7 （PYST2）, and dopamine beta-hydroxylase （DBH） expression levels were significantly up-regulated. Besides, western blot analysis of stress proteins （HSP27, HSP70, GRP78 and GRP94） showed an over-expression of two proteins： a 105 kDa protein which is a hyper-phosphorylated isoform of GRP94, and a 108 kDa protein which is a phosphorylated tetramer of HSP27. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effects of lithium are likely related to gene expressions and post-translational modifications of proteins cited above.展开更多
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen capable of surviving under challenging conditions both outside and inside the host. During the transition from exponential to stationary phase it experiences a series of ...Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen capable of surviving under challenging conditions both outside and inside the host. During the transition from exponential to stationary phase it experiences a series of environmental changes that require an appropriate response to maintain cell viability. In this study the autolytic behaviour of a L. monocytogenes strain was investigated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The study was done at the permissive autolysis temperature, 30℃ and at 20℃, an autolysis non-permissive temperature. An autolytic strain proteome was also compared to a non-autolytic strain at the permissive autolysis temperature. The autolytic strain proteome at 30℃ in comparison to 20℃ evidenced increased synthesis of the P60 autolysin, glycolytic enzymes and proteins related with environmental stress responses. The over-production of P45 autolysin, was observed when the autolytic strain proteome was compared with the non-autolytic strain. The proteomes at the non-permissive temperature and the proteome of the non-autolytic strain were characterized by a diminished synthesis of several stress related proteins. The lack of autolysis seems to be associated to the over-production of proteins linked to fatty acid and amino acid synthesis, transcription regulation and cell morphogenesis as evidenced by the proteome at the non-permissive temperature and the non-autolytic strain. Autolysis proteome evidenced the over-production of P60 autolysins, glycolysis and stress proteins whereas the proteome obtained in conditions of absence of autolysis reveal a completely different group of proteins. Possible targets to activate listerial autolysis were identified.展开更多
文摘Research into heat shock proteins (HSPs) for the clinical management of tumours has intensified as new evidence shows they can be used as biomarkers in carcinogenesis and are related to poor prognosis in some cancer types. Members of small HSP, HSP70 and HSP90 families have been studied extensively in breast cancer. This article reviews current understanding of the role of HSP and HSF-1 (Heat shock factor 1) expression in human breast cancer and looks at its potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic value. The exciting progress that has been made using HSP 90 inhibitors in breast cancer treatment is examined and the results of preliminary studies on the expression of stress proteins in the animal model canine mammary tumours are also presented.
基金Supported by grants from the US National Science Foundation to SAHa Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research Fellowship to DB.
文摘Production of heat-shock proteins （Hsps） is a key adaptation to acute heat stress and will be important in determining plant responses to climate change. Further, intraspecifc variation in Hsps, which will influence species-level response to global warming, has rarely been examined in naturally occurring plants. To understand intraspecific variation in plant Hsps and its relevance to global warming, we examined Hsp content and thermotolerance in five naturally occurring populations of Chenopodium album L. from contrasting thermal environments grown at low and high temperatures. As expected, Hsp accumulation varied between populations, but this was related more to habitat variability than to mean temperature. Unexpectedly, Hsp accumulation decreased with increasing variability of habitat temperatures. Hsp accumulation also decreased with increased experimental growth temperatures. Physiological thermotolerance was partitioned into basal and induced components. As with Hsps, induced thermotolerance decreased with increasing temperature variability. Thus, populations native to the more stressful habitats, or grown at higher temperatures, had lower Hsp levels and induced thermotolerance, suggesting a greater reliance on basal mechanisms for thermotolerance. These results suggest that future global climate change will differentially impact ecotypes within species, possibly by selecting for increased basal versus inducible thermotolerance.
文摘Stress proteins are synthesized in all organisms from bacteria, plants, animals and humans, even in incubated cells and tissues by induction of environmental stress. This protein was first observed in the chromosomes of fruit fly in response to unlethal hyperthermia, so it is also called'heat shock protein'（Hsp）. Except for heat shock, the stress or heat shock proteins can also be induced by exposure to environmental stress, such as cold injury, chemicals such as alcohol, Cd<sup>2+</sup> and other heavy metal, amino acid analogues
文摘To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of lithium on cells, in this study, we exposed SH-SY5Y cells to 0.5 mmol/L lithium carbonate （Li2CO2） for 25-50 weeks and then detected the expression levels of some neurobiology related genes and post-translational modifications of stress proteins in SH-SYSY cells, cDNA arrays showed that pyruvate kinase 2 （PKM2） and calmodulin 3 （CaM 3） expression levels were significantly down-regulated, phosphatase protein PP2A expression was lightly down-regulated, and casein kinase II （CK2）, threonine/tyrosine phosphatase 7 （PYST2）, and dopamine beta-hydroxylase （DBH） expression levels were significantly up-regulated. Besides, western blot analysis of stress proteins （HSP27, HSP70, GRP78 and GRP94） showed an over-expression of two proteins： a 105 kDa protein which is a hyper-phosphorylated isoform of GRP94, and a 108 kDa protein which is a phosphorylated tetramer of HSP27. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effects of lithium are likely related to gene expressions and post-translational modifications of proteins cited above.
文摘Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen capable of surviving under challenging conditions both outside and inside the host. During the transition from exponential to stationary phase it experiences a series of environmental changes that require an appropriate response to maintain cell viability. In this study the autolytic behaviour of a L. monocytogenes strain was investigated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The study was done at the permissive autolysis temperature, 30℃ and at 20℃, an autolysis non-permissive temperature. An autolytic strain proteome was also compared to a non-autolytic strain at the permissive autolysis temperature. The autolytic strain proteome at 30℃ in comparison to 20℃ evidenced increased synthesis of the P60 autolysin, glycolytic enzymes and proteins related with environmental stress responses. The over-production of P45 autolysin, was observed when the autolytic strain proteome was compared with the non-autolytic strain. The proteomes at the non-permissive temperature and the proteome of the non-autolytic strain were characterized by a diminished synthesis of several stress related proteins. The lack of autolysis seems to be associated to the over-production of proteins linked to fatty acid and amino acid synthesis, transcription regulation and cell morphogenesis as evidenced by the proteome at the non-permissive temperature and the non-autolytic strain. Autolysis proteome evidenced the over-production of P60 autolysins, glycolysis and stress proteins whereas the proteome obtained in conditions of absence of autolysis reveal a completely different group of proteins. Possible targets to activate listerial autolysis were identified.
