Starch/polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） blended materials for using as a solid carbon source （SCS） were prepared by blending PVA and gelatinized starch in an aqueous solution system, in which PVA served as framework materi...Starch/polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） blended materials for using as a solid carbon source （SCS） were prepared by blending PVA and gelatinized starch in an aqueous solution system, in which PVA served as framework material and starch as carbon source. The optimization of starch content and temperature effects were investigated. It was indicated that higher denitrification efficiency could be achieved with more starch in the materials. The average specific denitrification rates were 0.93, 0.66, 0.37 and 0.36 mg/（g·day） corresponding to starch content of 70%, 60%, 40% and 30% respectively at 37℃. The denitrification rates increased when operating temperature was raised from 23℃ to 30℃ and then 37℃. The mechanism of carbon release was analyzed incorporating the experimental results of abiotic release in deionized water. The organic carbon was mainly hydrolyzed by microbes, and the biological release efficiencies were at the range of 89.2% to 96.0%. A long-term experiment with a continuous flow reactor with SCS material containing 70% starch was conducted to gain some experience for practical application. When the influent nitrate concentration was in the range of 35.2 to 39.1 mg/L, hydraulic retention time of 4 hr, and operating temperature of 30℃, a nitrogen removal efficiency up to 94.6% and denitrification rate of 0.217 kg/（m3.day） was achieved. The starch-based materials developed in this study can be used as a solid carbon source for tertiary nitrogen removal from secondary effluent.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the contents of nutriUonal ingredients and reutilization way of sweet potato starch residue. [Method] The starch residue of Shangshu 19 from four different processing sites ...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the contents of nutriUonal ingredients and reutilization way of sweet potato starch residue. [Method] The starch residue of Shangshu 19 from four different processing sites was used as the test material, and the contents of main nutritional ingredients and moisture in the sweet potato starch residue were determined. [Result] In the sweet potato starch residue （calculated by fresh weight）, the average contents of moisture, starch, fat, protein, Zn, Fe, Se and Ca were 83.75%, 101.15 g/kg, 0255%, 0.497 3%, 11.18 mg/g, 1 219.00 mg/kg, 0.032 3 mg/kg and 6 460.00 mg/kg, respectively, but Vc, VA and chlorogenic acid were not detected. According to the characteristics of high starch content and abundant nutritional ingredients, the sweet potato starch residue can be used for producing edible alcohol and dietary fiber health food. [Coaclusio,] This study will provide certain reference for fully development and utilization of sweet potato starch residue.展开更多
江西社山头遗址是赣东北地区新石器时代的典型遗址,尚未开展相关环境考古和植物考古等方面的研究。对该遗址出土陶器内壁残留物的淀粉粒分析表明,内壁残留物中包含了不同种类植物的淀粉粒,主要来自稻类和粟类作物,还有部分块根块茎类植...江西社山头遗址是赣东北地区新石器时代的典型遗址,尚未开展相关环境考古和植物考古等方面的研究。对该遗址出土陶器内壁残留物的淀粉粒分析表明,内壁残留物中包含了不同种类植物的淀粉粒,主要来自稻类和粟类作物,还有部分块根块茎类植物以及部分暂时不能鉴定的淀粉粒。可鉴定淀粉粒中包括稻类7粒、粟类9粒、块根块茎类2粒。从恢复的植物种类上来看,社山头遗址区域在4500~3500 a BP这段时间的植物利用包括了稻类、粟类和部分块根块茎类植物。本研究结果可以为中国南方地区的植物考古和环境考古研究提供直接证据和补充,说明了该遗址古人类除水稻外其他植物资源的利用情况。同时本研究结果也可为南方地区古人类食谱和植物资源利用结构研究提供方法上的新思路。展开更多
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No.2009AA063805)
文摘Starch/polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） blended materials for using as a solid carbon source （SCS） were prepared by blending PVA and gelatinized starch in an aqueous solution system, in which PVA served as framework material and starch as carbon source. The optimization of starch content and temperature effects were investigated. It was indicated that higher denitrification efficiency could be achieved with more starch in the materials. The average specific denitrification rates were 0.93, 0.66, 0.37 and 0.36 mg/（g·day） corresponding to starch content of 70%, 60%, 40% and 30% respectively at 37℃. The denitrification rates increased when operating temperature was raised from 23℃ to 30℃ and then 37℃. The mechanism of carbon release was analyzed incorporating the experimental results of abiotic release in deionized water. The organic carbon was mainly hydrolyzed by microbes, and the biological release efficiencies were at the range of 89.2% to 96.0%. A long-term experiment with a continuous flow reactor with SCS material containing 70% starch was conducted to gain some experience for practical application. When the influent nitrate concentration was in the range of 35.2 to 39.1 mg/L, hydraulic retention time of 4 hr, and operating temperature of 30℃, a nitrogen removal efficiency up to 94.6% and denitrification rate of 0.217 kg/（m3.day） was achieved. The starch-based materials developed in this study can be used as a solid carbon source for tertiary nitrogen removal from secondary effluent.
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the contents of nutriUonal ingredients and reutilization way of sweet potato starch residue. [Method] The starch residue of Shangshu 19 from four different processing sites was used as the test material, and the contents of main nutritional ingredients and moisture in the sweet potato starch residue were determined. [Result] In the sweet potato starch residue （calculated by fresh weight）, the average contents of moisture, starch, fat, protein, Zn, Fe, Se and Ca were 83.75%, 101.15 g/kg, 0255%, 0.497 3%, 11.18 mg/g, 1 219.00 mg/kg, 0.032 3 mg/kg and 6 460.00 mg/kg, respectively, but Vc, VA and chlorogenic acid were not detected. According to the characteristics of high starch content and abundant nutritional ingredients, the sweet potato starch residue can be used for producing edible alcohol and dietary fiber health food. [Coaclusio,] This study will provide certain reference for fully development and utilization of sweet potato starch residue.
文摘江西社山头遗址是赣东北地区新石器时代的典型遗址,尚未开展相关环境考古和植物考古等方面的研究。对该遗址出土陶器内壁残留物的淀粉粒分析表明,内壁残留物中包含了不同种类植物的淀粉粒,主要来自稻类和粟类作物,还有部分块根块茎类植物以及部分暂时不能鉴定的淀粉粒。可鉴定淀粉粒中包括稻类7粒、粟类9粒、块根块茎类2粒。从恢复的植物种类上来看,社山头遗址区域在4500~3500 a BP这段时间的植物利用包括了稻类、粟类和部分块根块茎类植物。本研究结果可以为中国南方地区的植物考古和环境考古研究提供直接证据和补充,说明了该遗址古人类除水稻外其他植物资源的利用情况。同时本研究结果也可为南方地区古人类食谱和植物资源利用结构研究提供方法上的新思路。
