Cr2O3 nanotubes with diameters of 80 nm and lengths of 550 nm were synthesized in a solvothermal reduction system at 180 ℃. The acetyl acetone (AcAc) and ethylene glycol (EG) were used as the chelate agent and the re...Cr2O3 nanotubes with diameters of 80 nm and lengths of 550 nm were synthesized in a solvothermal reduction system at 180 ℃. The acetyl acetone (AcAc) and ethylene glycol (EG) were used as the chelate agent and the reductant respectively in the system. An intermediate compound-Cr(C5H7O2)3 was formed to force Cr2O3 to crystallize along one direction.展开更多
研究水相中氧化石墨烯(graphene oxide,GO)在敞口容器和密闭容器中的水热还原过程,发现氧化石墨烯还原后更容易通过超声破碎成小片.原子力显微镜(atomic force microscopy,AFM)和动态光散射(dynamic lightscattering,DLS)结果表明,密闭...研究水相中氧化石墨烯(graphene oxide,GO)在敞口容器和密闭容器中的水热还原过程,发现氧化石墨烯还原后更容易通过超声破碎成小片.原子力显微镜(atomic force microscopy,AFM)和动态光散射(dynamic lightscattering,DLS)结果表明,密闭容器中产生的压力不仅能促进氧化石墨烯的还原,而且可使其在超声处理后破碎形成尺寸更小、分布更窄、适合生物医药应用的石墨烯纳米小片.红外(infrared,IR)光谱结果表明,加压和常压下还原的氧化石墨烯的C=O伸缩振动峰和O—H弯曲振动峰没有明显区别,但加压下环氧键C—O—C伸缩振动峰明显减弱.据此推测,氧化石墨烯水热还原的机理是压力促进环氧键转化为C—OH,这一开环反应为水分子参加加成反应,加压有利于反应的进行.开环反应产物进一步以CO_2形式脱除而形成缺陷,氧化石墨烯在超声处理后沿缺陷断裂,从而得到尺寸更小的石墨烯片.展开更多
A solvothermal assisted ethylene glycol reduction method is a common technology for Pt/C catalysts preparation. Here, the coordination mechanism of the Pt-containing species is deeply studied by innovatively adopting ...A solvothermal assisted ethylene glycol reduction method is a common technology for Pt/C catalysts preparation. Here, the coordination mechanism of the Pt-containing species is deeply studied by innovatively adopting the ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy technology and H+ concentration detector. Moreover, the amount of Na OH that effectively coordinates Pt4+ has been tentatively qualified and the heating parameters during the preparation process of Pt/C have also been optimized. As investigated, the optimized 20-(1/22)-140-2 Pt/C(20 wt%Pt;m(Pt):m(Na OH)=1/22;heating temperature: 140 °C, heating time: 2 h) exhibits higher electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) than the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C(E-TEK) in acidic media. This work provides a theoretical reserve and technical accumulation for industrialized mass production of highly efficient Pt/C catalysts for ORR in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.展开更多
A Pt/graphene‐TiO2catalyst was prepared by a microwave‐assisted solvothermal method and was characterized by X‐ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,cyclic voltammetry,and li...A Pt/graphene‐TiO2catalyst was prepared by a microwave‐assisted solvothermal method and was characterized by X‐ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,cyclic voltammetry,and linear sweep voltammetry.The cubic TiO2particles were approximately60nm in size and were distributed on the graphene sheets.The Pt nanoparticles were uniformly distributed between the TiO2particles and the graphene sheet.The catalyst exhibited a significant improvement in activity and stability towards the oxygen reduction reaction compared with Pt/C,which resulted from the high electronic conductivity of graphene and strong metal‐support interactions.展开更多
Metallic bismuth crystal is one important and interesting semimetal that has attracted great attention owing to its unique thermal and electrical properties. Herein, we report a facile, green, cost-effective and susta...Metallic bismuth crystal is one important and interesting semimetal that has attracted great attention owing to its unique thermal and electrical properties. Herein, we report a facile, green, cost-effective and sustainable solvothermal process using ethanol, glycol, isopropanol, phenylcarbinol as solvent and commercial Bi_2O_3 as the starting material to produce high-purity metallic Bi with tunable morphologies on large scale. It is found that all alcohols are capable of reducing Bi_2O_3 to Bi and the reducibility of glycol is proved to be the strongest. The highest purity of the resultant Bi is calculated to be 99.74%. What's more, the morphology of final Bi particles is controllable by adding various types and concentrations of additives. As a consequence, our work lays the root for the large scale solvothermal production of high-purity Bi particles with various regular morphologies.展开更多
文摘Cr2O3 nanotubes with diameters of 80 nm and lengths of 550 nm were synthesized in a solvothermal reduction system at 180 ℃. The acetyl acetone (AcAc) and ethylene glycol (EG) were used as the chelate agent and the reductant respectively in the system. An intermediate compound-Cr(C5H7O2)3 was formed to force Cr2O3 to crystallize along one direction.
文摘研究水相中氧化石墨烯(graphene oxide,GO)在敞口容器和密闭容器中的水热还原过程,发现氧化石墨烯还原后更容易通过超声破碎成小片.原子力显微镜(atomic force microscopy,AFM)和动态光散射(dynamic lightscattering,DLS)结果表明,密闭容器中产生的压力不仅能促进氧化石墨烯的还原,而且可使其在超声处理后破碎形成尺寸更小、分布更窄、适合生物医药应用的石墨烯纳米小片.红外(infrared,IR)光谱结果表明,加压和常压下还原的氧化石墨烯的C=O伸缩振动峰和O—H弯曲振动峰没有明显区别,但加压下环氧键C—O—C伸缩振动峰明显减弱.据此推测,氧化石墨烯水热还原的机理是压力促进环氧键转化为C—OH,这一开环反应为水分子参加加成反应,加压有利于反应的进行.开环反应产物进一步以CO_2形式脱除而形成缺陷,氧化石墨烯在超声处理后沿缺陷断裂,从而得到尺寸更小的石墨烯片.
文摘A solvothermal assisted ethylene glycol reduction method is a common technology for Pt/C catalysts preparation. Here, the coordination mechanism of the Pt-containing species is deeply studied by innovatively adopting the ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy technology and H+ concentration detector. Moreover, the amount of Na OH that effectively coordinates Pt4+ has been tentatively qualified and the heating parameters during the preparation process of Pt/C have also been optimized. As investigated, the optimized 20-(1/22)-140-2 Pt/C(20 wt%Pt;m(Pt):m(Na OH)=1/22;heating temperature: 140 °C, heating time: 2 h) exhibits higher electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) than the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C(E-TEK) in acidic media. This work provides a theoretical reserve and technical accumulation for industrialized mass production of highly efficient Pt/C catalysts for ORR in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376113)the Jiangsu Specially Appointed Professor Projectthe Graduate Student Scientific Research Innovation Projects in Jiangsu Province(KYZZ15_0384)~~
文摘A Pt/graphene‐TiO2catalyst was prepared by a microwave‐assisted solvothermal method and was characterized by X‐ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,cyclic voltammetry,and linear sweep voltammetry.The cubic TiO2particles were approximately60nm in size and were distributed on the graphene sheets.The Pt nanoparticles were uniformly distributed between the TiO2particles and the graphene sheet.The catalyst exhibited a significant improvement in activity and stability towards the oxygen reduction reaction compared with Pt/C,which resulted from the high electronic conductivity of graphene and strong metal‐support interactions.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(51373096,11304198)
文摘Metallic bismuth crystal is one important and interesting semimetal that has attracted great attention owing to its unique thermal and electrical properties. Herein, we report a facile, green, cost-effective and sustainable solvothermal process using ethanol, glycol, isopropanol, phenylcarbinol as solvent and commercial Bi_2O_3 as the starting material to produce high-purity metallic Bi with tunable morphologies on large scale. It is found that all alcohols are capable of reducing Bi_2O_3 to Bi and the reducibility of glycol is proved to be the strongest. The highest purity of the resultant Bi is calculated to be 99.74%. What's more, the morphology of final Bi particles is controllable by adding various types and concentrations of additives. As a consequence, our work lays the root for the large scale solvothermal production of high-purity Bi particles with various regular morphologies.
文摘采用一步溶剂热法以RuCl3·xH2O,SeO2为前驱体,还原氧化石墨烯为载体制备了RuxSey/石墨烯催化剂,探讨了乙醇和乙二醇两种溶剂对催化剂形貌、结构以及氧还原(Oxygen reduction reaction,ORR)活性的影响,并利用透射电子显微镜(Transmission electron microscope,TEM)、X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、拉曼光谱仪(Raman)和旋转圆盘电极(Rotating disk electrode,RDE)技术表征了催化剂的物理特征和催化性能。结果表明RuxSey颗粒可以均匀地分散在石墨烯片层上,以乙二醇为溶剂制备的RuxSey/石墨烯催化剂具有良好的结晶性能,且乙二醇的存在可以促进氧化石墨烯载体的还原,增大其比表面积,使催化剂在0.1mol/L KOH溶液中表现出较高的氧还原活性。
