Little attention has thus far been paid to the potential effect of solution composition on the hydrothermal crystallization of calcium sulfate whiskers prepared from flue-gas desulfurization（FGD） gypsum.When purifie...Little attention has thus far been paid to the potential effect of solution composition on the hydrothermal crystallization of calcium sulfate whiskers prepared from flue-gas desulfurization（FGD） gypsum.When purified FGD gypsum was used as raw material,the morphology and phase structure of the hydrothermal products grown in pure water,H2SO4-H2O,NaCl-H2O,and H2SO4-NaCl-H2O solutions as well as the solubility of purified FGD gypsum in these solutions were investigated.The results indicate that calcium sulfate whiskers grow favorably in the H2SO4-NaCl-H2O system.When prepared using 10-70 g NaCl/kg gypsum-0.01 M H2SO4-H2O at 130 ℃ for 60 min,the obtained calcium sulfate whiskers had diameters ranging from 3 to 5 ｜xm and lengths from 200 to 600 ｜xm,and their phase structure was calcium sulfate hemihydrate（HH）.Opposing effects of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride on the solubility of the purified FGD gypsum were observed.With the co-presence of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride in the reaction solution,the concentrations of Ca2＋ and SO42- can be kept relatively stable,which implies that the crystallization of the hydrothermal products can be controlled by changing the concentrations of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride.展开更多
为了探讨静电场对糖溶液冷冻过程冰晶生长的影响,本文采用自行设计的静电场辅助冷冻实验台,以不同浓度(5、50、100、150 g/L)的葡萄糖溶液和蔗糖溶液作为研究对象,在样品冷冻过程中施加不同强度(分别为0、4、6、8、10 k V外加电压)的静...为了探讨静电场对糖溶液冷冻过程冰晶生长的影响,本文采用自行设计的静电场辅助冷冻实验台,以不同浓度(5、50、100、150 g/L)的葡萄糖溶液和蔗糖溶液作为研究对象,在样品冷冻过程中施加不同强度(分别为0、4、6、8、10 k V外加电压)的静电场。以过冷温度和相变时间为考察参数,分析静电场对糖溶液冰核产生和冰晶成长的影响。结果表明:不同强度的静电场对糖溶液冰晶生长的影响不同,且其影响与溶液浓度有关。对于5 g/L、50 g/L葡萄糖溶液和5 g/L蔗糖溶液,较高强度(6 k V和8 k V)静电场有促进冰核产生的影响;对于150 g/L葡萄糖溶液和蔗糖溶液,较高强度(6 k V)静电场可能对冰核产生有促进的影响。静电场对葡萄糖溶液和蔗糖溶液的冰晶成长都有抑制水分子扩散运动的不利影响。展开更多
基金the Henan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(122102210431 and 132300410233)for their financial supportthe financial support of the Wall and Materials Innovation Fund of Henan Province(08120043)+1 种基金supported by the Public Welfare Program of Environmental Protection Ministry of China(201409069)the characterization test supported by the Analytical and Testing Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)
文摘Little attention has thus far been paid to the potential effect of solution composition on the hydrothermal crystallization of calcium sulfate whiskers prepared from flue-gas desulfurization（FGD） gypsum.When purified FGD gypsum was used as raw material,the morphology and phase structure of the hydrothermal products grown in pure water,H2SO4-H2O,NaCl-H2O,and H2SO4-NaCl-H2O solutions as well as the solubility of purified FGD gypsum in these solutions were investigated.The results indicate that calcium sulfate whiskers grow favorably in the H2SO4-NaCl-H2O system.When prepared using 10-70 g NaCl/kg gypsum-0.01 M H2SO4-H2O at 130 ℃ for 60 min,the obtained calcium sulfate whiskers had diameters ranging from 3 to 5 ｜xm and lengths from 200 to 600 ｜xm,and their phase structure was calcium sulfate hemihydrate（HH）.Opposing effects of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride on the solubility of the purified FGD gypsum were observed.With the co-presence of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride in the reaction solution,the concentrations of Ca2＋ and SO42- can be kept relatively stable,which implies that the crystallization of the hydrothermal products can be controlled by changing the concentrations of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride.
文摘为了探讨静电场对糖溶液冷冻过程冰晶生长的影响,本文采用自行设计的静电场辅助冷冻实验台,以不同浓度(5、50、100、150 g/L)的葡萄糖溶液和蔗糖溶液作为研究对象,在样品冷冻过程中施加不同强度(分别为0、4、6、8、10 k V外加电压)的静电场。以过冷温度和相变时间为考察参数,分析静电场对糖溶液冰核产生和冰晶成长的影响。结果表明:不同强度的静电场对糖溶液冰晶生长的影响不同,且其影响与溶液浓度有关。对于5 g/L、50 g/L葡萄糖溶液和5 g/L蔗糖溶液,较高强度(6 k V和8 k V)静电场有促进冰核产生的影响;对于150 g/L葡萄糖溶液和蔗糖溶液,较高强度(6 k V)静电场可能对冰核产生有促进的影响。静电场对葡萄糖溶液和蔗糖溶液的冰晶成长都有抑制水分子扩散运动的不利影响。
