在石油化工领域,管道输送系统的弯管非常容易遭受管内固体颗粒的冲蚀,使管道承压能力降低,增加管道输送的安全风险。首先对油气行业广泛采用的API RP 14E和DNV冲蚀准则进行了描述和分析,进而概述了国内外被较多专家学者提及的弯管固体...在石油化工领域,管道输送系统的弯管非常容易遭受管内固体颗粒的冲蚀,使管道承压能力降低,增加管道输送的安全风险。首先对油气行业广泛采用的API RP 14E和DNV冲蚀准则进行了描述和分析,进而概述了国内外被较多专家学者提及的弯管固体颗粒冲蚀理论和模型,包括经典的微切削理论模型、变形磨损理论模型以及适用性较强的E/CRC冲蚀模型和Oka冲蚀模型。并在此基础上,对不同冲蚀理论和模型进行了对比和分析,指出各个冲蚀理论模型之间的内在联系,以及各自的优势和缺陷。在工程应用方面,对近年来工业中常见的防冲蚀涂层和防冲蚀几何结构进行了系统的归纳和总结。其中,防冲蚀涂层包括金属防冲蚀涂层、非金属防冲蚀涂层以及复合材料防冲蚀涂层,防冲蚀几何结构包括涡旋结构和各种形式的仿生肋条结构。最后,对弯管固体颗粒冲蚀理论模型的研究方向、纳米防冲蚀涂层以及仿生学防冲蚀肋条结构的发展前景进行了展望。为油气管道系统完整性管理、油气储运安全和流动保障等方面的研究提供借鉴。展开更多
In order to study the settling mechanism of particles in an air-solid magnetically stabilized fluidized bed(MSFB) for separation,we carried out free settling and quasi-zero settling tests on the tracing particles.The ...In order to study the settling mechanism of particles in an air-solid magnetically stabilized fluidized bed(MSFB) for separation,we carried out free settling and quasi-zero settling tests on the tracing particles.The results show that the main resistance forces as the tracing particles settled in an air-solid MSFB were motion resistance force and yield force.The motion resistance and yield forces greatly hindered the free settling of the particles by greatly decreasing the acceleration for settling process of the particles.The acceleration decreased from 3022.62 cm/s 2 to zero in 0.1 s,and in the end,the particles stopped in the air-solid MSFB.The yield force on particles increased with increasing the magnetic field intensity,resulting in decrease of the quasi-zero settling displacement.However,the yield force on particles decreased with increasing the fluidized air velocity,leading to increase of the quasi-zero settling displacement.When the structure and operating parameters of the air-solid MSFB were set up,the yield stress on particles stopped in an air-solid MSFB was a function of diameter and density of particles.The settling displacements of equal diameter particles increased with increasing their densities,and the settling displacements of equal density particles increased with increasing their diameters.展开更多
文摘在石油化工领域,管道输送系统的弯管非常容易遭受管内固体颗粒的冲蚀,使管道承压能力降低,增加管道输送的安全风险。首先对油气行业广泛采用的API RP 14E和DNV冲蚀准则进行了描述和分析,进而概述了国内外被较多专家学者提及的弯管固体颗粒冲蚀理论和模型,包括经典的微切削理论模型、变形磨损理论模型以及适用性较强的E/CRC冲蚀模型和Oka冲蚀模型。并在此基础上,对不同冲蚀理论和模型进行了对比和分析,指出各个冲蚀理论模型之间的内在联系,以及各自的优势和缺陷。在工程应用方面,对近年来工业中常见的防冲蚀涂层和防冲蚀几何结构进行了系统的归纳和总结。其中,防冲蚀涂层包括金属防冲蚀涂层、非金属防冲蚀涂层以及复合材料防冲蚀涂层,防冲蚀几何结构包括涡旋结构和各种形式的仿生肋条结构。最后,对弯管固体颗粒冲蚀理论模型的研究方向、纳米防冲蚀涂层以及仿生学防冲蚀肋条结构的发展前景进行了展望。为油气管道系统完整性管理、油气储运安全和流动保障等方面的研究提供借鉴。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51134022 and 51174203)the Key Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development (No. 2012CB214904)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Innovative Research Group (No. 50921002)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2010002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. 2010QNB11 and 2010ZDP01A06)
文摘In order to study the settling mechanism of particles in an air-solid magnetically stabilized fluidized bed(MSFB) for separation,we carried out free settling and quasi-zero settling tests on the tracing particles.The results show that the main resistance forces as the tracing particles settled in an air-solid MSFB were motion resistance force and yield force.The motion resistance and yield forces greatly hindered the free settling of the particles by greatly decreasing the acceleration for settling process of the particles.The acceleration decreased from 3022.62 cm/s 2 to zero in 0.1 s,and in the end,the particles stopped in the air-solid MSFB.The yield force on particles increased with increasing the magnetic field intensity,resulting in decrease of the quasi-zero settling displacement.However,the yield force on particles decreased with increasing the fluidized air velocity,leading to increase of the quasi-zero settling displacement.When the structure and operating parameters of the air-solid MSFB were set up,the yield stress on particles stopped in an air-solid MSFB was a function of diameter and density of particles.The settling displacements of equal diameter particles increased with increasing their densities,and the settling displacements of equal density particles increased with increasing their diameters.
