Aim: To investigate the influence of smoking on postpartum depression. Methods: One thousand fifty-one women, in a rural city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, prospectively fulfilled the selection criteria and completed s...Aim: To investigate the influence of smoking on postpartum depression. Methods: One thousand fifty-one women, in a rural city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, prospectively fulfilled the selection criteria and completed self-reporting questionnaires on postnatal depression at 5-6 days, 1 month, 4 months, 7 months and 12 months after childbirth, using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and a life and social events scales including smoking habits. Results: Seven hundred seventy-seven women were non-smokers. Among two hundred seventy-four women who were smokers before becoming pregnant (26% of pregnant women), 241 women quit smoking during pregnancy and 33 women continued smoking. Smoking habits were significantly associated with sociopsychological states and we found that EPDS scores of smokers were significantly higher than EPDS of non-smokers. The EPDS scores of both non-smokers and smokers were higher at 5-6 days, but were stable from 1 month to 12 months, after childbirth. Fifty-one women who quit smoking after childbirth resumed smoking during he 1-12 month periods after childbirth. The EPDS scores of 51 women who resumed smoking were significantly reduced after they resumed smoking. Conclusion: The EPDS scores of smokers were higher than those of non-smokers and a smoking habit may help to alleviate postpartum depression.展开更多
Objectives: Occupational exposure to nickel is affecting millions of employees around the world. Potential alterations in the genetic material of workers in the mining and processing of nickel, possibly resulting from...Objectives: Occupational exposure to nickel is affecting millions of employees around the world. Potential alterations in the genetic material of workers in the mining and processing of nickel, possibly resulting from exposure to nickel in the production process, were investigated. The study focused on assessing the percentage of induced micronuclei, as well as on changes in the various cell types of oral mucosa epithelium. Methods: The buccal micronucleus assay was employed to assess possible induced genetic alterations to production line workers in comparison to office employees of the same nickel mining and pyrometalurgic processing industry. Subjects were also compared with regard to their smoking habit. Results: Very low soluble nickel levels were measured in certain workplaces and only in one workplace insoluble nickel was above the acceptable level. Statistically significant micronuclei differences among smokers and non-smokers, in both study groups as well as in total, were observed (p less than 0.01). Production line workers appeared with statistically significant induced micronuclei compared to office employees. Non-smoker production line workers compared to non-smoker office employees revealed statistically significant induced micronuclei. Statistically significant cell lesions were detected between non-smokers and smokers among office employees and production line workers documenting Ni engagement in their induction. Conclusions: The observed frequencies of micronuclei and cell lesions in the oral mucosa of workers, in certain positions of the production line, in relation to their smoking habit document the synergistic effect of Ni and cigarette smoking as effectors in their induction.展开更多
Background: Electronic cigarette (e-cigs) smoking is substitutional to traditional cigarette smoking to reduce the dangerous combustion of products. Moreover, passive smoking is involuntarily tobacco smoking due to th...Background: Electronic cigarette (e-cigs) smoking is substitutional to traditional cigarette smoking to reduce the dangerous combustion of products. Moreover, passive smoking is involuntarily tobacco smoking due to the exposure to cigarette or tobacco smoke among non-smokers and due to there being little knowledge about the impact of passive e-cigs smoking on periodontal status and salivary pH. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of e-cigs smoking habit on periodontal tissue and salivary pH among some passive e-cigs smokers referred to the college of dentistry clinics, King Khalid University. Material and Methods: Ninety male participants who were referred to the college of dentistry clinics at King Khalid University were included in the study. Age, gender, e-cigs smoking, and general health were recorded. The participants were divided into three equal groups (n = 30) as follows: Group I (Non-passive e-cigs smokers and non-smokers) as the control group, Group II (e-cigs users), and Group III (Passive e-cigs smokers). Salivary pH, plaque control record (PCR), gingival bleeding index (GBI), clinical attachment loss (CAL), percentage of radiographic bone loss (% RBL), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), more than 5 missing teeth due to periodontal diseases (>5 MTDP), tooth mobility (TM), furcation involvement (FI), Bite collapse (BC), and less than 20 remaining teeth (10 Opposing pairs) (L20RT) as well as HbA1c were recorded. ANOVA test was used to the comparison between Groups I, II, and III in the participants’ ages and periodontitis staging clinical findings. The mean of participants’ age groups, the mean of salivary pH values of study groups, and the periodontitis staging complexity and HbA1c were compared between groups with the ANOVA test, Tukey’s test, and the chi-square test. P-value was recorded, and less than 0.5 was considered a statistically significant difference (p Results: The e-cigs users group revealed higher means of PCR, GBI %RBL values, and the participants percentages of 展开更多
文摘Aim: To investigate the influence of smoking on postpartum depression. Methods: One thousand fifty-one women, in a rural city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, prospectively fulfilled the selection criteria and completed self-reporting questionnaires on postnatal depression at 5-6 days, 1 month, 4 months, 7 months and 12 months after childbirth, using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and a life and social events scales including smoking habits. Results: Seven hundred seventy-seven women were non-smokers. Among two hundred seventy-four women who were smokers before becoming pregnant (26% of pregnant women), 241 women quit smoking during pregnancy and 33 women continued smoking. Smoking habits were significantly associated with sociopsychological states and we found that EPDS scores of smokers were significantly higher than EPDS of non-smokers. The EPDS scores of both non-smokers and smokers were higher at 5-6 days, but were stable from 1 month to 12 months, after childbirth. Fifty-one women who quit smoking after childbirth resumed smoking during he 1-12 month periods after childbirth. The EPDS scores of 51 women who resumed smoking were significantly reduced after they resumed smoking. Conclusion: The EPDS scores of smokers were higher than those of non-smokers and a smoking habit may help to alleviate postpartum depression.
文摘Objectives: Occupational exposure to nickel is affecting millions of employees around the world. Potential alterations in the genetic material of workers in the mining and processing of nickel, possibly resulting from exposure to nickel in the production process, were investigated. The study focused on assessing the percentage of induced micronuclei, as well as on changes in the various cell types of oral mucosa epithelium. Methods: The buccal micronucleus assay was employed to assess possible induced genetic alterations to production line workers in comparison to office employees of the same nickel mining and pyrometalurgic processing industry. Subjects were also compared with regard to their smoking habit. Results: Very low soluble nickel levels were measured in certain workplaces and only in one workplace insoluble nickel was above the acceptable level. Statistically significant micronuclei differences among smokers and non-smokers, in both study groups as well as in total, were observed (p less than 0.01). Production line workers appeared with statistically significant induced micronuclei compared to office employees. Non-smoker production line workers compared to non-smoker office employees revealed statistically significant induced micronuclei. Statistically significant cell lesions were detected between non-smokers and smokers among office employees and production line workers documenting Ni engagement in their induction. Conclusions: The observed frequencies of micronuclei and cell lesions in the oral mucosa of workers, in certain positions of the production line, in relation to their smoking habit document the synergistic effect of Ni and cigarette smoking as effectors in their induction.
文摘Background: Electronic cigarette (e-cigs) smoking is substitutional to traditional cigarette smoking to reduce the dangerous combustion of products. Moreover, passive smoking is involuntarily tobacco smoking due to the exposure to cigarette or tobacco smoke among non-smokers and due to there being little knowledge about the impact of passive e-cigs smoking on periodontal status and salivary pH. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of e-cigs smoking habit on periodontal tissue and salivary pH among some passive e-cigs smokers referred to the college of dentistry clinics, King Khalid University. Material and Methods: Ninety male participants who were referred to the college of dentistry clinics at King Khalid University were included in the study. Age, gender, e-cigs smoking, and general health were recorded. The participants were divided into three equal groups (n = 30) as follows: Group I (Non-passive e-cigs smokers and non-smokers) as the control group, Group II (e-cigs users), and Group III (Passive e-cigs smokers). Salivary pH, plaque control record (PCR), gingival bleeding index (GBI), clinical attachment loss (CAL), percentage of radiographic bone loss (% RBL), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), more than 5 missing teeth due to periodontal diseases (>5 MTDP), tooth mobility (TM), furcation involvement (FI), Bite collapse (BC), and less than 20 remaining teeth (10 Opposing pairs) (L20RT) as well as HbA1c were recorded. ANOVA test was used to the comparison between Groups I, II, and III in the participants’ ages and periodontitis staging clinical findings. The mean of participants’ age groups, the mean of salivary pH values of study groups, and the periodontitis staging complexity and HbA1c were compared between groups with the ANOVA test, Tukey’s test, and the chi-square test. P-value was recorded, and less than 0.5 was considered a statistically significant difference (p Results: The e-cigs users group revealed higher means of PCR, GBI %RBL values, and the participants percentages of
