研究发现多种肿瘤通过上调自身和肿瘤微环境的PD-L1表达,持续激活PD-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)/PD-L1(programmed cell death-ligand 1)信号通路,抑制T细胞的功能,导致肿瘤免疫逃逸的发生。目前已有多种PD-1/PD-L1单抗...研究发现多种肿瘤通过上调自身和肿瘤微环境的PD-L1表达,持续激活PD-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)/PD-L1(programmed cell death-ligand 1)信号通路,抑制T细胞的功能,导致肿瘤免疫逃逸的发生。目前已有多种PD-1/PD-L1单抗药物上市,并且获得了较为满意的临床效果。但因为单抗生产成本高昂,存储运输条件苛刻,有免疫原性等问题,寻找免疫检查点PD-1/PD-L1小分子抑制剂成为了当前新药开发的热点。本文详细介绍了PD-1/PD-L1的生物学机制,按结构分类综述了PD-1/PD-L1小分子抑制剂的研究进展,并对小分子抑制剂的研发进行了展望。展开更多
丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)感染是全球性的公共卫生问题之一,全世界有1.3亿至1.5亿人长期感染,其中四分之一的患者会产生肝硬化、肝细胞癌甚至肝功能衰竭等并发症。完全清除病毒是研究者不断进行抗丙肝新药物研发的目标与动...丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)感染是全球性的公共卫生问题之一,全世界有1.3亿至1.5亿人长期感染,其中四分之一的患者会产生肝硬化、肝细胞癌甚至肝功能衰竭等并发症。完全清除病毒是研究者不断进行抗丙肝新药物研发的目标与动力。本综述精选近几年具代表性的研究实例,从药物化学的视角总结了抗丙肝小分子抑制剂的前沿进展。展开更多
目的:运用虚拟筛选技术从传统中药数据库(traditional Chinese medicine database platform,TCMSP)中寻找HIV-1整合酶的中药小分子抑制剂。方法:以整合酶与细胞因子LEDGF/P75相互作用位点为靶点,运用分子对接技术进行首轮筛选,然后运用A...目的:运用虚拟筛选技术从传统中药数据库(traditional Chinese medicine database platform,TCMSP)中寻找HIV-1整合酶的中药小分子抑制剂。方法:以整合酶与细胞因子LEDGF/P75相互作用位点为靶点,运用分子对接技术进行首轮筛选,然后运用ADME/T预测进行第二轮筛选,最后基于靶点与药物相互作用位点进行第三轮筛选。结果:以原配体(4-[(5-bromo-4-{[2,4-dioxo-3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]methyl}-2-ethoxyphenoxy)-methyl]-benzoic acid,D77)为阳性对照,筛选出2个类药性良好的天然小分子化合物,二者与HIV-1整合酶亲和力及相互作用基团均优于D77(新型的HIV-1整合酶抑制剂),并且确定了它们的中草药来源。结论:成功建立一整套高通量虚拟筛选HIV-1整合酶抑制剂的策略,该研究结果可促进从传统中药库中提取、设计以及实验合成新的抗艾滋病药物。展开更多
Medicinal chemistry strategies have contributed to the development, experimental study of and clinical trials assessment of the first type of protein kinase small molecule inhibitor to target the Janus kinase/Signal T...Medicinal chemistry strategies have contributed to the development, experimental study of and clinical trials assessment of the first type of protein kinase small molecule inhibitor to target the Janus kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription(JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. The orally administered small molecule inhibitor, tofacitinib, is the first drug to target the JAK/STAT pathway for entry into the armamentarium of the medical therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. The introduction of tofacitinib into general rheumatologic practice coupled with increasing understanding that additional cellular signal transduction pathways including the mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapa-mycin pathways as well as spleen tyrosine kinase also contribute to immune-mediated inflammatory in rheumatoid arthritis makes it likely that further development of orally administered protein kinase small molecule inhibitors for rheumatoid arthritis will occur in the near future.展开更多
文摘研究发现多种肿瘤通过上调自身和肿瘤微环境的PD-L1表达,持续激活PD-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)/PD-L1(programmed cell death-ligand 1)信号通路,抑制T细胞的功能,导致肿瘤免疫逃逸的发生。目前已有多种PD-1/PD-L1单抗药物上市,并且获得了较为满意的临床效果。但因为单抗生产成本高昂,存储运输条件苛刻,有免疫原性等问题,寻找免疫检查点PD-1/PD-L1小分子抑制剂成为了当前新药开发的热点。本文详细介绍了PD-1/PD-L1的生物学机制,按结构分类综述了PD-1/PD-L1小分子抑制剂的研究进展,并对小分子抑制剂的研发进行了展望。
文摘丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)感染是全球性的公共卫生问题之一,全世界有1.3亿至1.5亿人长期感染,其中四分之一的患者会产生肝硬化、肝细胞癌甚至肝功能衰竭等并发症。完全清除病毒是研究者不断进行抗丙肝新药物研发的目标与动力。本综述精选近几年具代表性的研究实例,从药物化学的视角总结了抗丙肝小分子抑制剂的前沿进展。
文摘目的:运用虚拟筛选技术从传统中药数据库(traditional Chinese medicine database platform,TCMSP)中寻找HIV-1整合酶的中药小分子抑制剂。方法:以整合酶与细胞因子LEDGF/P75相互作用位点为靶点,运用分子对接技术进行首轮筛选,然后运用ADME/T预测进行第二轮筛选,最后基于靶点与药物相互作用位点进行第三轮筛选。结果:以原配体(4-[(5-bromo-4-{[2,4-dioxo-3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]methyl}-2-ethoxyphenoxy)-methyl]-benzoic acid,D77)为阳性对照,筛选出2个类药性良好的天然小分子化合物,二者与HIV-1整合酶亲和力及相互作用基团均优于D77(新型的HIV-1整合酶抑制剂),并且确定了它们的中草药来源。结论:成功建立一整套高通量虚拟筛选HIV-1整合酶抑制剂的策略,该研究结果可促进从传统中药库中提取、设计以及实验合成新的抗艾滋病药物。
基金Supported by A contract from Genentech/Roche Group and the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Visual Sciences Research Core,No.P30 EY-011373
文摘Medicinal chemistry strategies have contributed to the development, experimental study of and clinical trials assessment of the first type of protein kinase small molecule inhibitor to target the Janus kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription(JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. The orally administered small molecule inhibitor, tofacitinib, is the first drug to target the JAK/STAT pathway for entry into the armamentarium of the medical therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. The introduction of tofacitinib into general rheumatologic practice coupled with increasing understanding that additional cellular signal transduction pathways including the mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapa-mycin pathways as well as spleen tyrosine kinase also contribute to immune-mediated inflammatory in rheumatoid arthritis makes it likely that further development of orally administered protein kinase small molecule inhibitors for rheumatoid arthritis will occur in the near future.
