The main goals of rice breeding nowadays include increasing yield,improving grain quality,and promoting complete mechanized production to save labor costs.Rice grain shape,specified by three dimensions,including grain...The main goals of rice breeding nowadays include increasing yield,improving grain quality,and promoting complete mechanized production to save labor costs.Rice grain shape,specified by three dimensions,including grain length,width and thickness,has a more precise meaning than grain size,contributing to grain appearance quality as well as grain weight and thus yield.Furthermore,the divergence of grain shape characters could be utilized in mechanical seed sorting in hybrid rice breeding systems,which has been succeeded in utilizing heterosis to achieve substantial increase in rice yield in the past decades.Several signaling pathways that regulate rice grain shape have been elucidated,including G protein signaling,ubiquitination-related pathway,mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling,phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling,micro RNA process,and some other transcriptional regulatory pathways and regulators.This review summarized the recent progress on molecular mechanisms underlying rice grain shape determination and the potential of major genes in future breeding applications.展开更多
The effect of rutile crystal shapes on its settlement in a modified slag was studied by theoretical analysis,FactSage simulation,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.The results show that the settling ve...The effect of rutile crystal shapes on its settlement in a modified slag was studied by theoretical analysis,FactSage simulation,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.The results show that the settling velocities of spherical rutile crystals are faster than those of other shapes of rutile crystals under the same volume conditions,and the shape transformation of rutile crystals from rod to sphere can be achieved by adding titanium slag to Ti-bearing blast furnace slag.The volume fractions of the rutile crystals in the upper and lower parts of the modified slag are 30%and 71%when the added titanium slag increases to 278 g,indicating that rutile settling is obvious.Due to the rutile settling,half shaker sorting task is saved,and the recovery rate of TiO2 is significantly increased.The TiO2 content of rutile is greater than 93%,and the total content of CaO and MgO is less than 0.4%,meeting the requirements for the raw materials of titanium white in the chloride process.展开更多
A novel approach for fruit shape detection in RGB space was proposed,which was based on fast level set and Chan-Vese model named as Modified Chan-Vese model(MCV) . This new algorithm is fast and suitable for fruit sor...A novel approach for fruit shape detection in RGB space was proposed,which was based on fast level set and Chan-Vese model named as Modified Chan-Vese model(MCV) . This new algorithm is fast and suitable for fruit sorting because it does not need re-initializing. MCV has three advantages compared to the traditional methods. First,it provides a unified frame-work for detecting fruit shape boundary,and does not need any preprocessing even though the raw image is noisy or blurred. Second,if the fruit has different colors at the edges,it can detect perfect boundary. Third,it processed directly in color space without any transformations that may lose much information. The proposed method has been applied to fruit shape detection with promising result.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32100257,32172078,31871599 and 31901528)Hunan Science and Technology Innovation Program,China(Grant Nos.2021NK1001,2021NK1003 and 2021NK1011)+1 种基金Key Research and Development,Projects in Hunan Province,China(Grant No.2020NK2054)the Open Programs of the State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice,Changsha,China(Grant No.2020KF03)。
文摘The main goals of rice breeding nowadays include increasing yield,improving grain quality,and promoting complete mechanized production to save labor costs.Rice grain shape,specified by three dimensions,including grain length,width and thickness,has a more precise meaning than grain size,contributing to grain appearance quality as well as grain weight and thus yield.Furthermore,the divergence of grain shape characters could be utilized in mechanical seed sorting in hybrid rice breeding systems,which has been succeeded in utilizing heterosis to achieve substantial increase in rice yield in the past decades.Several signaling pathways that regulate rice grain shape have been elucidated,including G protein signaling,ubiquitination-related pathway,mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling,phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling,micro RNA process,and some other transcriptional regulatory pathways and regulators.This review summarized the recent progress on molecular mechanisms underlying rice grain shape determination and the potential of major genes in future breeding applications.
基金Project(2015BAB18B00)supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program of China。
文摘The effect of rutile crystal shapes on its settlement in a modified slag was studied by theoretical analysis,FactSage simulation,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.The results show that the settling velocities of spherical rutile crystals are faster than those of other shapes of rutile crystals under the same volume conditions,and the shape transformation of rutile crystals from rod to sphere can be achieved by adding titanium slag to Ti-bearing blast furnace slag.The volume fractions of the rutile crystals in the upper and lower parts of the modified slag are 30%and 71%when the added titanium slag increases to 278 g,indicating that rutile settling is obvious.Due to the rutile settling,half shaker sorting task is saved,and the recovery rate of TiO2 is significantly increased.The TiO2 content of rutile is greater than 93%,and the total content of CaO and MgO is less than 0.4%,meeting the requirements for the raw materials of titanium white in the chloride process.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina (No. 30671197)the Program for New Century ExcellentTalents in University (No. NCET-04-0524), China
文摘A novel approach for fruit shape detection in RGB space was proposed,which was based on fast level set and Chan-Vese model named as Modified Chan-Vese model(MCV) . This new algorithm is fast and suitable for fruit sorting because it does not need re-initializing. MCV has three advantages compared to the traditional methods. First,it provides a unified frame-work for detecting fruit shape boundary,and does not need any preprocessing even though the raw image is noisy or blurred. Second,if the fruit has different colors at the edges,it can detect perfect boundary. Third,it processed directly in color space without any transformations that may lose much information. The proposed method has been applied to fruit shape detection with promising result.
