目的了解上海市西部三区男男性行为人群(Men who have sex with men,MSM)艾滋病病毒(Humanimmunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染相关行为学特征,以及发生无保护男男性行为的影响因素。方法通过非政府社会小组和社会信息网络,对上海西部三区...目的了解上海市西部三区男男性行为人群(Men who have sex with men,MSM)艾滋病病毒(Humanimmunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染相关行为学特征,以及发生无保护男男性行为的影响因素。方法通过非政府社会小组和社会信息网络,对上海西部三区MSM人群进行宣传和动员,并按照研究要求进行筛选,使用统一问卷,采用面对面一对一方式调查。结果共调查424名MSM,平均年龄为(26.84±6.69)岁;未婚者占90.1%(382/424);教育程度较高;半数以上受访者月均收入≥3 000元。受访者初次和男性发生性行为的平均年龄为(21.15±4.46)岁;过去半年内受访者的平均性伴数为(2.99±3.77)人。目前有固定男友的受访者占60.6%(257/424),但在半年内和固定男友间在性行为上相互忠贞的只有38.1%(98/257)。调查发现,162名受访者半年内曾有过无保护男男性行为,其中有固定男友的受访者发生无保护男男性行为的比例高于无固定男友者。与和男性发生无保护性行为相关的影响因素为月均收入和半年内男性性伴人数。此外,受访者寻找性伴最常见的方式是通过网络。同时也发现,常在男浴室和公园、公厕寻找性伴的MSM,发生无保护性行为的比例较在其他场所寻找性伴的MSM更高。61.8%(262/424)的受访者认为自己有感染HIV的风险,424名MSM中312人既往曾进行过HIV检测。结论 MSM人群性行为特征方面存在多种与HIV感染相关的高危因素,浴室和公园、公厕应作为MSM人群HIV干预的重点场所;以月均收入较低、性伴数量较多的MSM,发生无保护性行为的概率较高。应加强对此类人群的HIV相关健康干预。展开更多
. Alice Walker in “The Color Purple” clearly depicts a male under the rule of black women grow old. Twist of fate hostess not only because the boot of the same sex, but also because the ？ nal out of the black male .... Alice Walker in “The Color Purple” clearly depicts a male under the rule of black women grow old. Twist of fate hostess not only because the boot of the same sex, but also because the ？ nal out of the black male barriers of reproducing black unwilling to face this period of history, and the purpose is to require black people to face themselves, change themselves, rather than passively waiting to change the external world. In this paper, we interpret the most prominent contemporary American black woman writer Alice Walker’s masterpiece “The Color Purple.” First revealed the roots of black male violence against black women, that supreme value of repression under the compensation for its inferiority in American society whites; secondly, the elaboration of the tortuous process of self-consciousness of the female characters and the evolution of black male characters thoughts trajectory analyzes the motivation of Walker’s writing, it explains the doctrine preached by women, that is, black women and black men at the same time the liberation of thought blacks gender relations in order to harmony.展开更多
文摘目的了解上海市西部三区男男性行为人群(Men who have sex with men,MSM)艾滋病病毒(Humanimmunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染相关行为学特征,以及发生无保护男男性行为的影响因素。方法通过非政府社会小组和社会信息网络,对上海西部三区MSM人群进行宣传和动员,并按照研究要求进行筛选,使用统一问卷,采用面对面一对一方式调查。结果共调查424名MSM,平均年龄为(26.84±6.69)岁;未婚者占90.1%(382/424);教育程度较高;半数以上受访者月均收入≥3 000元。受访者初次和男性发生性行为的平均年龄为(21.15±4.46)岁;过去半年内受访者的平均性伴数为(2.99±3.77)人。目前有固定男友的受访者占60.6%(257/424),但在半年内和固定男友间在性行为上相互忠贞的只有38.1%(98/257)。调查发现,162名受访者半年内曾有过无保护男男性行为,其中有固定男友的受访者发生无保护男男性行为的比例高于无固定男友者。与和男性发生无保护性行为相关的影响因素为月均收入和半年内男性性伴人数。此外,受访者寻找性伴最常见的方式是通过网络。同时也发现,常在男浴室和公园、公厕寻找性伴的MSM,发生无保护性行为的比例较在其他场所寻找性伴的MSM更高。61.8%(262/424)的受访者认为自己有感染HIV的风险,424名MSM中312人既往曾进行过HIV检测。结论 MSM人群性行为特征方面存在多种与HIV感染相关的高危因素,浴室和公园、公厕应作为MSM人群HIV干预的重点场所;以月均收入较低、性伴数量较多的MSM,发生无保护性行为的概率较高。应加强对此类人群的HIV相关健康干预。
文摘. Alice Walker in “The Color Purple” clearly depicts a male under the rule of black women grow old. Twist of fate hostess not only because the boot of the same sex, but also because the ？ nal out of the black male barriers of reproducing black unwilling to face this period of history, and the purpose is to require black people to face themselves, change themselves, rather than passively waiting to change the external world. In this paper, we interpret the most prominent contemporary American black woman writer Alice Walker’s masterpiece “The Color Purple.” First revealed the roots of black male violence against black women, that supreme value of repression under the compensation for its inferiority in American society whites; secondly, the elaboration of the tortuous process of self-consciousness of the female characters and the evolution of black male characters thoughts trajectory analyzes the motivation of Walker’s writing, it explains the doctrine preached by women, that is, black women and black men at the same time the liberation of thought blacks gender relations in order to harmony.
