目的评价血浆置换(PE)治疗重型肝炎的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析69名重型肝炎患者的临床资料,按其治疗方式的不同分为治疗(PE)组:39名,在内科综合治疗基础上行血浆置换;对照组:30名,单纯内科综合治疗。于治疗前、后24 h检测PE组患者...目的评价血浆置换(PE)治疗重型肝炎的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析69名重型肝炎患者的临床资料,按其治疗方式的不同分为治疗(PE)组:39名,在内科综合治疗基础上行血浆置换;对照组:30名,单纯内科综合治疗。于治疗前、后24 h检测PE组患者的凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(T-BILI)、直接胆红素(D-BILI)和总胆汁酸(TBA)等生化指标的变化;同时观察2组患者的临床症状及体征的改变,评价整体疗效,并在统计分析患者病情分期、并发症与血浆置换治疗重型肝炎疗效的关系后,做出临床评判。结果 1)PE组治疗前后凝血功能和肝功能生化指标分别为:PT(s)24.5±9.19 vs17.8±6.71、TT(s)16.6±3.87 vs 17.9±11.82、ALT(U/L)281.2±271.16 vs 69.4±91.97、AST(U/L)285.8±247.91vs 64.8±43.94、T-BILI(μmol/L)407.0±178.99 vs 238.2±143.76、D-BILI(μmol/L)316.1±131.09 vs 167.4±110.85、TBA(μmol/L)141.7±83.56 vs 140.6±86.26;2)总体有效率(%),PE与对照组为56.41 vs 30.00,其中早、中、晚期的重型肝炎有效率分别为81.25 vs 41.67、53.85 vs 40.00、20.00 vs 12.50(P<0.05);3)并发自发性腹膜炎的患者治疗后的有效率(%),PE与对照组分别为70.00 vs 40.00。结论 PE是治疗重型肝炎的1种安全、有效方法;对于早期重症肝炎患者疗效优于中晚期重症肝炎患者,对合并自发性腹膜炎患者的疗效优于单纯内科综合疗法。展开更多
Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders worldwide. It requires acute hospitalization, with a reported annual incidence of 13 to 45 cases per 100000 persons. In severe cases there is per...Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders worldwide. It requires acute hospitalization, with a reported annual incidence of 13 to 45 cases per 100000 persons. In severe cases there is persistent organ failure and a mortality rate of 15% to 30%, whereas mortality of mild pancreatitis is only 0% to 1%. Treatment principles of necrotizing pancreatitis and the role of surgery are still controversial. Despite surgery being effective for infected pancreatic necrosis, it carries the risk of long-term endocrine and exocrine deficiency and a morbidity and mortality rate of between 10% to 40%. Considering high morbidity and mortality rates of operative necrosectomy, minimally invasive strategies are being explored by gastrointestinal surgeons, radiologists, and gastroenterologists. Since 1999, several other minimally invasive surgical, endoscopic, and radiologic approaches to drain and debride pancreatic necrosis have been described. In patients who do not improve after technically adequate drainage, necrosectomy should be performed. When minimal invasive management is unsuccessful or necrosis has spread to locations not accessible by endoscopy, open abdominal surgery is recommended. Additionally, surgery is recognized as a major determinant ofoutcomes for acute pancreatitis, and there is general agreement that patients should undergo surgery in the late phase of the disease. It is important to consider multidisciplinary management, considering the clinical situation and the comorbidity of the patient, as well as the surgeons experience.展开更多
目的探讨肠道病毒71型(enterovirus A group 71 type,EV-A71)疫苗上市前重症手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)并发症的类型、严重程度,为重症HFMD临床演变提供基础数据。方法采用...目的探讨肠道病毒71型(enterovirus A group 71 type,EV-A71)疫苗上市前重症手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)并发症的类型、严重程度,为重症HFMD临床演变提供基础数据。方法采用描述性分析对2010-2016年南京市儿童医院、苏州大学附属儿童医院、无锡市人民医院、徐州市儿童医院报告的3583例实验室确诊的重症HFMD的一般情况、临床表现、实验室指标进行统计,应用Logistic回归筛选增加HFMD严重程度的预警指标。结果重症HFMD病死率为8.09‰(29/3583),入住儿科重症监护室(pediatric intensive care unit,PICU)率为11.75%(421/3583),出院未愈的发生率为5.30‰(19/3583),其中CNS并发症轻微组占39.02%(1398/3583),严重组占59.22%(2122/3583),危重组占1.76%(63/3583)。危重组发病年龄在6~11月龄、不典型疹、呼吸系统症状/体征(气急、呼吸减慢、呼吸困难等)、神经系统症状/体征(手足抖动、抽搐、嗜睡、昏睡等)、循环系统症状/体征(心率加快、皮肤颜色异常、心律失常、四肢发凉等)、实验室检查(白细胞计数升高、淋巴细胞计数升高、血小板计数升高、C反应蛋白升高等)、临床辅助检查(脑电图、脑CT、胸片X线)等指标发生率在危重组高于其他2组,且有统计学差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归模型显示:呼吸减慢、呕吐、脑膜刺激征等11个变量随着异常比例增大,CNS并发症严重程度升高(P<0.05)。结论易惊、呼吸减慢、呕吐、淋巴细胞升高、脑电图异常等指标对于重症HFMD患儿进展为不同严重程度的CNS并发症具有重要的临床意义。展开更多
文摘目的评价血浆置换(PE)治疗重型肝炎的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析69名重型肝炎患者的临床资料,按其治疗方式的不同分为治疗(PE)组:39名,在内科综合治疗基础上行血浆置换;对照组:30名,单纯内科综合治疗。于治疗前、后24 h检测PE组患者的凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(T-BILI)、直接胆红素(D-BILI)和总胆汁酸(TBA)等生化指标的变化;同时观察2组患者的临床症状及体征的改变,评价整体疗效,并在统计分析患者病情分期、并发症与血浆置换治疗重型肝炎疗效的关系后,做出临床评判。结果 1)PE组治疗前后凝血功能和肝功能生化指标分别为:PT(s)24.5±9.19 vs17.8±6.71、TT(s)16.6±3.87 vs 17.9±11.82、ALT(U/L)281.2±271.16 vs 69.4±91.97、AST(U/L)285.8±247.91vs 64.8±43.94、T-BILI(μmol/L)407.0±178.99 vs 238.2±143.76、D-BILI(μmol/L)316.1±131.09 vs 167.4±110.85、TBA(μmol/L)141.7±83.56 vs 140.6±86.26;2)总体有效率(%),PE与对照组为56.41 vs 30.00,其中早、中、晚期的重型肝炎有效率分别为81.25 vs 41.67、53.85 vs 40.00、20.00 vs 12.50(P<0.05);3)并发自发性腹膜炎的患者治疗后的有效率(%),PE与对照组分别为70.00 vs 40.00。结论 PE是治疗重型肝炎的1种安全、有效方法;对于早期重症肝炎患者疗效优于中晚期重症肝炎患者,对合并自发性腹膜炎患者的疗效优于单纯内科综合疗法。
文摘Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders worldwide. It requires acute hospitalization, with a reported annual incidence of 13 to 45 cases per 100000 persons. In severe cases there is persistent organ failure and a mortality rate of 15% to 30%, whereas mortality of mild pancreatitis is only 0% to 1%. Treatment principles of necrotizing pancreatitis and the role of surgery are still controversial. Despite surgery being effective for infected pancreatic necrosis, it carries the risk of long-term endocrine and exocrine deficiency and a morbidity and mortality rate of between 10% to 40%. Considering high morbidity and mortality rates of operative necrosectomy, minimally invasive strategies are being explored by gastrointestinal surgeons, radiologists, and gastroenterologists. Since 1999, several other minimally invasive surgical, endoscopic, and radiologic approaches to drain and debride pancreatic necrosis have been described. In patients who do not improve after technically adequate drainage, necrosectomy should be performed. When minimal invasive management is unsuccessful or necrosis has spread to locations not accessible by endoscopy, open abdominal surgery is recommended. Additionally, surgery is recognized as a major determinant ofoutcomes for acute pancreatitis, and there is general agreement that patients should undergo surgery in the late phase of the disease. It is important to consider multidisciplinary management, considering the clinical situation and the comorbidity of the patient, as well as the surgeons experience.
文摘目的探讨肠道病毒71型(enterovirus A group 71 type,EV-A71)疫苗上市前重症手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)并发症的类型、严重程度,为重症HFMD临床演变提供基础数据。方法采用描述性分析对2010-2016年南京市儿童医院、苏州大学附属儿童医院、无锡市人民医院、徐州市儿童医院报告的3583例实验室确诊的重症HFMD的一般情况、临床表现、实验室指标进行统计,应用Logistic回归筛选增加HFMD严重程度的预警指标。结果重症HFMD病死率为8.09‰(29/3583),入住儿科重症监护室(pediatric intensive care unit,PICU)率为11.75%(421/3583),出院未愈的发生率为5.30‰(19/3583),其中CNS并发症轻微组占39.02%(1398/3583),严重组占59.22%(2122/3583),危重组占1.76%(63/3583)。危重组发病年龄在6~11月龄、不典型疹、呼吸系统症状/体征(气急、呼吸减慢、呼吸困难等)、神经系统症状/体征(手足抖动、抽搐、嗜睡、昏睡等)、循环系统症状/体征(心率加快、皮肤颜色异常、心律失常、四肢发凉等)、实验室检查(白细胞计数升高、淋巴细胞计数升高、血小板计数升高、C反应蛋白升高等)、临床辅助检查(脑电图、脑CT、胸片X线)等指标发生率在危重组高于其他2组,且有统计学差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归模型显示:呼吸减慢、呕吐、脑膜刺激征等11个变量随着异常比例增大,CNS并发症严重程度升高(P<0.05)。结论易惊、呼吸减慢、呕吐、淋巴细胞升高、脑电图异常等指标对于重症HFMD患儿进展为不同严重程度的CNS并发症具有重要的临床意义。
