The emergence rate and vitality of maize are directly affected by the sowing depth,and the uniformity of this depth is an important performance indicator of a planter,while the effective soil surface height informatio...The emergence rate and vitality of maize are directly affected by the sowing depth,and the uniformity of this depth is an important performance indicator of a planter,while the effective soil surface height information acquisition is the prerequisite for ensuring the accuracy of sowing depth control.The soil surface height variation acquisition system of a precision corn planter often produces profiling errors when performing active profiling due to interference from ground debris.In this study,a multipoint soil surface height variation information acquisition system was investigated,which consists of a ranging sensor group and a microcontroller unit(MCU)using a data comparison and screening method.The structure and specifications of the ranging sensors were determined according to the soil surface height variation and debris size,and a nonessential profiling control program was developed.Performed tests on the information acquisition system indicated that the measurement accuracy of the system was 3 mm,and when advancing at a speed of 8 km/h,the accuracy of the profiling decision and the system stability were 97.1%and 94.1%,respectively,indicating that the system was capable of nonessential profile control.The designed ranging system could provide a reference for the design of a ground information acquisition system of precision planters with an active profiling mechanism.展开更多
Rice dry-direct-seeding technology is a time-saving,cost-saving and efficient rice cultivation technique that increases the efficiency of seeding.In order to implement the specialization,light simplicity and scale of ...Rice dry-direct-seeding technology is a time-saving,cost-saving and efficient rice cultivation technique that increases the efficiency of seeding.In order to implement the specialization,light simplicity and scale of rice production,improve the level of mechanization of the whole rice production process,and solve the problems of uneven seed furrows,uneven number of seeds sown,shallow mulching and uncompact repression that occur during the promotion and application of dry-direct-seeding for rice in the cold region of northeast China.In this paper,a planting unit for rice dry-direct-seeding planter is designed.The working principles and structural parameters of the furrow opening components,the seeding apparatus and the soil covering-pressing device are described.The mechanical model of the key components of the seeding unit was established,and the forward speed,roller diameter and compacting strength were selected as the test factors.A three-factor,five-level quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test was conducted with the seed breakage rate,seeding depth qualification rate,seeding uniformity coefficient of variation and hole grain count qualification rate as the evaluation indexes.Field performance test and test results show that:at a forward speed of 4 km/h,a roller diameter of 427 mm and a compacting strength of 48.45 kPa,the seed breakage rate was 1.31%,the sowing depth qualification rate was 9.95%,the coefficient of variation of sowing uniformity was 3.75%and the number of holes was 86.75%.This accords with the agronomic requirements of dry-directseeding for rice and implements a combination of superior agronomy and modern farm machinery.展开更多
基金This study was financially supported by the Special Funding Project for Public Welfare Industries(Agriculture)Scientific Research:Research on Mechanized Cultivation Model in Maize Planting Area of State Farm(201503116-04-04)and conducted in the Conservation Tillage Technology Center of the Heilongjiang Provincial Education Department jointly established by both corporations and universities.
文摘The emergence rate and vitality of maize are directly affected by the sowing depth,and the uniformity of this depth is an important performance indicator of a planter,while the effective soil surface height information acquisition is the prerequisite for ensuring the accuracy of sowing depth control.The soil surface height variation acquisition system of a precision corn planter often produces profiling errors when performing active profiling due to interference from ground debris.In this study,a multipoint soil surface height variation information acquisition system was investigated,which consists of a ranging sensor group and a microcontroller unit(MCU)using a data comparison and screening method.The structure and specifications of the ranging sensors were determined according to the soil surface height variation and debris size,and a nonessential profiling control program was developed.Performed tests on the information acquisition system indicated that the measurement accuracy of the system was 3 mm,and when advancing at a speed of 8 km/h,the accuracy of the profiling decision and the system stability were 97.1%and 94.1%,respectively,indicating that the system was capable of nonessential profile control.The designed ranging system could provide a reference for the design of a ground information acquisition system of precision planters with an active profiling mechanism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52075215 and 52275250 and 52105300)Key Research and Development Program of Changchun,China(Grant No.21ZGN22)and the Science and Technology Research Project of Jilin Provincial Education Department(No.JJKH20221021KJ).
文摘Rice dry-direct-seeding technology is a time-saving,cost-saving and efficient rice cultivation technique that increases the efficiency of seeding.In order to implement the specialization,light simplicity and scale of rice production,improve the level of mechanization of the whole rice production process,and solve the problems of uneven seed furrows,uneven number of seeds sown,shallow mulching and uncompact repression that occur during the promotion and application of dry-direct-seeding for rice in the cold region of northeast China.In this paper,a planting unit for rice dry-direct-seeding planter is designed.The working principles and structural parameters of the furrow opening components,the seeding apparatus and the soil covering-pressing device are described.The mechanical model of the key components of the seeding unit was established,and the forward speed,roller diameter and compacting strength were selected as the test factors.A three-factor,five-level quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test was conducted with the seed breakage rate,seeding depth qualification rate,seeding uniformity coefficient of variation and hole grain count qualification rate as the evaluation indexes.Field performance test and test results show that:at a forward speed of 4 km/h,a roller diameter of 427 mm and a compacting strength of 48.45 kPa,the seed breakage rate was 1.31%,the sowing depth qualification rate was 9.95%,the coefficient of variation of sowing uniformity was 3.75%and the number of holes was 86.75%.This accords with the agronomic requirements of dry-directseeding for rice and implements a combination of superior agronomy and modern farm machinery.
