Background The two most basic properties of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） are the capacities to selfrenew indefinitely and differentiate into multiple cells and tissue types. The cells from human umbilical cord Whar...Background The two most basic properties of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） are the capacities to selfrenew indefinitely and differentiate into multiple cells and tissue types. The cells from human umbilical cord Wharton＇ s Jelly have properties of MSCs and represent a rich source of primitive cells. This study was conducted to explore the possibility of inducing human umbilical cord Wharton＇ s Jelly-derived MSCs to differentiate into nerve-like cells.Methods MSCs were cultured from the Wharton＇ s Jelly taken from human umbilical cord of babies delivered after full-term normal labor. Salvia miltiorrhiza and [3-mercaptoethanol were used to induce the human umbilical cord-derived MSCs to differentiate The expression of neural protein markers was shown by immunocytochemistry. The induction process was monitored by phase contrast microscopy, electron microscopy （EM）, and laser scanning confocal microscopy （LSCM） . The pleiotrophin and nestin genes were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）.Results MSCs in the Wharton＇ s Jelly were easily attainable and could be maintained and expanded in culture. They were positive for markers of MSCs, but negative for markers of hematopoietic cells and graft-versus-host disease （GVHD）-related cells. Treatment with Salvia mihiorrhiza caused Wharton＇ s Jelly cells to undergo profound morphological changes. The induced MSCs developed rounded cell bodies with multiple neurite-like extensions. Eventually they developed processes that formed networks reminiscent of primary cultures of neurons. Salvia mihiorrhiza and β-mercaptoethanol also induced MSCs to express nestin, β-tubulin Ⅲ, neurofilament （NF） and glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）. It was confirmed by RT-PCR that MSCs could express pleiotrophin both before and after induction by Salvia miltiorrhiza. The expression was markedly enhanced after induction and the nestin gene was also expressed.Conclusions MSCs could be isolated from human umbilical cord Wharto展开更多
Objective To investigate the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells （BMSC） into neuron-like cells and to explore their potential use for neural transplantation. Methods BMSC from rats and adult humans were cul...Objective To investigate the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells （BMSC） into neuron-like cells and to explore their potential use for neural transplantation. Methods BMSC from rats and adult humans were cultured in serum-containing media. Salvia miltiorrhiza was used to induce human BMSC （hBMSC） to differentiate. BMSC were identified with immunocytochemistry. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to examine mRNA expression of neurofilamentl （NF1）, nestin and neuron-specific enolase （NSE） in rat BMSC （rBMSC）. Rat BMSC labelled by Hoschst33258 were transplanted into striatum of rats to trace migration and distribution. Results rBMSC expressed NSE, NFI and nestin mRNA, and NF1 mRNA and expression was increased with induction of Salvia miltiorrhiza. A small number of hBMSC were stained by anti-nestin, anti-GFAP and anti-S 100. Salvia miltiorrhiza could induce hBMSC to differentiate into neuron-like cells. Some differentiated neuron-like cells, that expressed NSE, beta-tubulin and NF-200, showed typical neuron morphology, but some neuron-like cells also expressed alpha smooth muscle protein, making their neuron identification complicated, rBMSC could migrate and adapted in the host brains after being transplanted. Conclusion Bone marrow stromal cells could express phenotypes of neurons, and Salvia milliorrhiza could induce hBMSC to differentiate into neuron-like cells, If BMSC could be converted into neurons instead of mesenchymal derivatives, they would be an abundant and accessible cellular source to treat a variety of neurological diseases.展开更多
Natural products from plant secondary metabolits are a major source of clinical drugs and industrial chemicals. Salvia miltiorrhiza is one of the most important plants in traditional Chinese medicine. Its dried roots ...Natural products from plant secondary metabolits are a major source of clinical drugs and industrial chemicals. Salvia miltiorrhiza is one of the most important plants in traditional Chinese medicine. Its dried roots and rhizomes are highly valued for use in the treatment of vascular diseases and for their anti-oxidative activities. Furthermore, S. miltiorrhiza is described as a medicinal model plant mainly due to its biosynthesis of active compounds. Here, we reviewed the research on S. miltiorrhiza in genomics, transcriptomics, biosynthesis of tanshinones and phenolic acids, biotic and abiotic elicitors, and regulation of transcription factors. This will provide a solid foundation for new breeding and synthetic biology approaches to produce and study natural products.展开更多
Objective To make the identification of medicinal herbs in Salvia L.quickly and accurately.Methods In this work,DNA barcoding and chemical fingerprint were compared for the identification of herbs in Salvia L.First,th...Objective To make the identification of medicinal herbs in Salvia L.quickly and accurately.Methods In this work,DNA barcoding and chemical fingerprint were compared for the identification of herbs in Salvia L.First,the nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region two amplified from 48 medicinal plants in Salvia L.,and three other groups of medicinal plants in Lamiaceae were sequenced.A molecular phylogeny was constructed using the minimum evolution and maximum parsimony methods according to their sequence diversity.Second,the water-solution bioactive components and lipid soluble components were tested by HPLC.Then a chemical phylogeny was built using HPLC fingerprint data.Comparing the molecular and chemical phylogenetic trees revealed many similarities.Results DNA barcoding was sequencing based and could therefore provide more accurate results within a shorter time especially in large-scale studies.Conclusion The results show that ITS2 region is a novel DNA barcode for the authentication of the species in Salvia L.This is the first work to show the relationship between DNA barcoding and chemical components.展开更多
Tanshinones are a class of bioactive components in the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza, and their biosynthesis and regulation have been widely studied. Current studies show that basic leucine zipper(b...Tanshinones are a class of bioactive components in the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza, and their biosynthesis and regulation have been widely studied. Current studies show that basic leucine zipper(bZIP) proteins regulate plant secondary metabolism, growth and developmental processes. However, the b ZIP transcription factors involved in tanshinone biosynthesis are unknown.Here, we conducted the first genome-wide survey of the b ZIP gene family and analyzed the phylogeny,gene structure, additional conserved motifs and alternative splicing events in S. miltiorrhiza. A total of 70 Smb ZIP transcription factors were identified and categorized into 11 subgroups based on their phylogenetic relationships with those in Arabidopsis. Moreover, seventeen Smb ZIP genes underwent alternative splicing events. According to the transcriptomic data, the Smb ZIP genes that were highly expressed in the Danshen root and periderm were selected. Based on the prediction of b ZIP binding sites in the promoters and the co-expression analysis and co-induction patterns in response to Ag^+ treatment via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR), we concluded that Smb ZIP7 and Smb ZIP20 potentially participate in the regulation of tanshinone biosynthesis. These results provide a foundation for further functional characterization of the candidate Smb ZIP genes, which have the potential to increase tanshinone production.展开更多
文摘Background The two most basic properties of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） are the capacities to selfrenew indefinitely and differentiate into multiple cells and tissue types. The cells from human umbilical cord Wharton＇ s Jelly have properties of MSCs and represent a rich source of primitive cells. This study was conducted to explore the possibility of inducing human umbilical cord Wharton＇ s Jelly-derived MSCs to differentiate into nerve-like cells.Methods MSCs were cultured from the Wharton＇ s Jelly taken from human umbilical cord of babies delivered after full-term normal labor. Salvia miltiorrhiza and [3-mercaptoethanol were used to induce the human umbilical cord-derived MSCs to differentiate The expression of neural protein markers was shown by immunocytochemistry. The induction process was monitored by phase contrast microscopy, electron microscopy （EM）, and laser scanning confocal microscopy （LSCM） . The pleiotrophin and nestin genes were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）.Results MSCs in the Wharton＇ s Jelly were easily attainable and could be maintained and expanded in culture. They were positive for markers of MSCs, but negative for markers of hematopoietic cells and graft-versus-host disease （GVHD）-related cells. Treatment with Salvia mihiorrhiza caused Wharton＇ s Jelly cells to undergo profound morphological changes. The induced MSCs developed rounded cell bodies with multiple neurite-like extensions. Eventually they developed processes that formed networks reminiscent of primary cultures of neurons. Salvia mihiorrhiza and β-mercaptoethanol also induced MSCs to express nestin, β-tubulin Ⅲ, neurofilament （NF） and glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）. It was confirmed by RT-PCR that MSCs could express pleiotrophin both before and after induction by Salvia miltiorrhiza. The expression was markedly enhanced after induction and the nestin gene was also expressed.Conclusions MSCs could be isolated from human umbilical cord Wharto
基金This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 012452, No. 020001).
文摘Objective To investigate the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells （BMSC） into neuron-like cells and to explore their potential use for neural transplantation. Methods BMSC from rats and adult humans were cultured in serum-containing media. Salvia miltiorrhiza was used to induce human BMSC （hBMSC） to differentiate. BMSC were identified with immunocytochemistry. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to examine mRNA expression of neurofilamentl （NF1）, nestin and neuron-specific enolase （NSE） in rat BMSC （rBMSC）. Rat BMSC labelled by Hoschst33258 were transplanted into striatum of rats to trace migration and distribution. Results rBMSC expressed NSE, NFI and nestin mRNA, and NF1 mRNA and expression was increased with induction of Salvia miltiorrhiza. A small number of hBMSC were stained by anti-nestin, anti-GFAP and anti-S 100. Salvia miltiorrhiza could induce hBMSC to differentiate into neuron-like cells. Some differentiated neuron-like cells, that expressed NSE, beta-tubulin and NF-200, showed typical neuron morphology, but some neuron-like cells also expressed alpha smooth muscle protein, making their neuron identification complicated, rBMSC could migrate and adapted in the host brains after being transplanted. Conclusion Bone marrow stromal cells could express phenotypes of neurons, and Salvia milliorrhiza could induce hBMSC to differentiate into neuron-like cells, If BMSC could be converted into neurons instead of mesenchymal derivatives, they would be an abundant and accessible cellular source to treat a variety of neurological diseases.
基金National Science-technology Support Plan of China(Grant No.2012BAI29B01)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81573398)
文摘Natural products from plant secondary metabolits are a major source of clinical drugs and industrial chemicals. Salvia miltiorrhiza is one of the most important plants in traditional Chinese medicine. Its dried roots and rhizomes are highly valued for use in the treatment of vascular diseases and for their anti-oxidative activities. Furthermore, S. miltiorrhiza is described as a medicinal model plant mainly due to its biosynthesis of active compounds. Here, we reviewed the research on S. miltiorrhiza in genomics, transcriptomics, biosynthesis of tanshinones and phenolic acids, biotic and abiotic elicitors, and regulation of transcription factors. This will provide a solid foundation for new breeding and synthetic biology approaches to produce and study natural products.
基金supported by the International Cooperation Program of Science and Technology (No. 2007DFA30990)the Special Founding for Healthy Field (No. 200802043) awarded by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technologysupported by grants from the Hong Kong Research Grant Council (HKU 7526/06M) to C.L.
文摘Objective To make the identification of medicinal herbs in Salvia L.quickly and accurately.Methods In this work,DNA barcoding and chemical fingerprint were compared for the identification of herbs in Salvia L.First,the nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region two amplified from 48 medicinal plants in Salvia L.,and three other groups of medicinal plants in Lamiaceae were sequenced.A molecular phylogeny was constructed using the minimum evolution and maximum parsimony methods according to their sequence diversity.Second,the water-solution bioactive components and lipid soluble components were tested by HPLC.Then a chemical phylogeny was built using HPLC fingerprint data.Comparing the molecular and chemical phylogenetic trees revealed many similarities.Results DNA barcoding was sequencing based and could therefore provide more accurate results within a shorter time especially in large-scale studies.Conclusion The results show that ITS2 region is a novel DNA barcode for the authentication of the species in Salvia L.This is the first work to show the relationship between DNA barcoding and chemical components.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.81573398)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS,2016-I2M-3–016)
文摘Tanshinones are a class of bioactive components in the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza, and their biosynthesis and regulation have been widely studied. Current studies show that basic leucine zipper(bZIP) proteins regulate plant secondary metabolism, growth and developmental processes. However, the b ZIP transcription factors involved in tanshinone biosynthesis are unknown.Here, we conducted the first genome-wide survey of the b ZIP gene family and analyzed the phylogeny,gene structure, additional conserved motifs and alternative splicing events in S. miltiorrhiza. A total of 70 Smb ZIP transcription factors were identified and categorized into 11 subgroups based on their phylogenetic relationships with those in Arabidopsis. Moreover, seventeen Smb ZIP genes underwent alternative splicing events. According to the transcriptomic data, the Smb ZIP genes that were highly expressed in the Danshen root and periderm were selected. Based on the prediction of b ZIP binding sites in the promoters and the co-expression analysis and co-induction patterns in response to Ag^+ treatment via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR), we concluded that Smb ZIP7 and Smb ZIP20 potentially participate in the regulation of tanshinone biosynthesis. These results provide a foundation for further functional characterization of the candidate Smb ZIP genes, which have the potential to increase tanshinone production.
