To explore saline-tolerant high yield Spartina and rice germplasm resources,innovate upon distant hybridization technology,and develop new saline-tolerant mud flat Spartina germplasm,autonomous patent for invention wa...To explore saline-tolerant high yield Spartina and rice germplasm resources,innovate upon distant hybridization technology,and develop new saline-tolerant mud flat Spartina germplasm,autonomous patent for invention was used to study distant hybridization of Spartina and rice in 2005- 2016. The study adopted tidal flat planting screening,phenotypic screening,molecular marker assisted selection,to find biological evidences of new germplasm,and also applied crossbreeding,conventional breeding,and molecular breeding,to select new saline-tolerant Spartina and rice varieties. With 12 years of efforts,the team developed 1498 crossbreeding combinations and established pedigree file and seed bank,tested 307 crossbreeding materials(57 hybrid seeds showed parental genetic components of Spartina and Rice); obtained Spartina/ Rice distant hybridization and seed setting,transplanting,hybridization material economic traits,and molecular biological experimental evidences; Rice♀× Spartina ♂ hybridization success rate of 1. 04- 1. 39%; obtained authorization of patent for invention of Distant Hybridization Methods for Spartina and Rice; formulated procedures for high yield cultivation of Spartina-Rice,planted 33. 33 hm2Spartina-Rice in coastal saline and alkaline land,cultivated 10 new saline-tolerant Spartina-Rice varieties,and the rice yield up to 5. 925- 8. 28 t / hm2. Results indicate that Spartina-Rice is saline-tolerant high yield rice germplasm,developed through sexual hybridization,conventional breeding,and molecular breeding technologies,and is optimal crop for saline and alkaline land. Success of Spartina-Rice solves the problem of saline-tolerant crop badly for transformation of saline and alkaline land,the problem of feeds for herbivores,as well as problem of environmental pollution resulted from straw burning. Besides,it is of essential scientific significance for resource utilization,increase of agricultural efficiency,grain security,and farmland strategy,so it has broad application prospect.展开更多
为解决海涂的厚层软基和盐渍淤泥腐蚀问题,对海涂厚层盐渍淤泥地基上的工程建设实用性技术进行了研究与实践。利用室内试验研究了海涂淤泥、海涂淤泥加气混凝土废渣混合固化轻质土、海涂淤泥烧结砖和海涂淤泥烧胀陶粒的性质,利用现场试...为解决海涂的厚层软基和盐渍淤泥腐蚀问题,对海涂厚层盐渍淤泥地基上的工程建设实用性技术进行了研究与实践。利用室内试验研究了海涂淤泥、海涂淤泥加气混凝土废渣混合固化轻质土、海涂淤泥烧结砖和海涂淤泥烧胀陶粒的性质,利用现场试验研究了吹填海涂淤泥的浅层排水固结技术和微型钢管桩基础托换技术的处理效果。试验结论为：连云港海涂地基存在8~40 m厚的盐渍淤泥层,土性软弱,且对混凝土为弱等或中等腐蚀,对钢筋为强腐蚀;海涂淤泥加气混凝土废渣混合固化轻质土强度可控制在200~1000 k Pa之间,能用于滩涂地基上的路堤建设;在深厚海涂地基条件下预压排水固结处理后仍不宜作天然地基的吹填淤泥,推荐快速处理后用于桩基础地基;微型钢管桩托换能阻止深厚软基上浅基础的沉降,还能对原基础进行提升;含盐淤泥能替代粘土烧结成质量合格的砖或陶粒,烧结过程中盐分大大减少。展开更多
Along the recently evacuated shores of the retreating Dead Sea black mud deposits have been exposed and hence subjected to head ward erosion resulting in landslides and land collapses threatening herewith the infrastr...Along the recently evacuated shores of the retreating Dead Sea black mud deposits have been exposed and hence subjected to head ward erosion resulting in landslides and land collapses threatening herewith the infrastructure in the area. The geotechnical and mineralogical characterization of the black mud show the presence of a variety of clays including smectite, kaolinite, illite, montmorollinite and muscovite with a natural water content near the liquid limit. These geotechnical and mineralogical properties indicate that the mud is prone to rapid erosion and sliding, which actually hit the area and have until now caused damages and degrading topography and geology in the area. The study also refers the origin of the black mud and its organic content to the erosion and deposition of Upper Cretaceous-Tertiary oil shale deposits formerly covering the whole surrounding areas of the Dead Sea. The study suggests engineering solutions to the geologic degradation processes in the area, before further damage to the infrastructure takes place.展开更多
基金Supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation(31072064)Scientific and Technical Innovation Project of Nantong City,Jiangxi Province(HL2014020)+3 种基金Leading Scientific and Technical Enterprising Talent Project of Nanjing City,Jiangsu Province(616035)Project of National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK2008182)Autonomous Innovation Project for Agricultural Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(CX(11)4060)Key Program of Golden Bridge Project of Jiangsu Provincial Association for Science and Technology(200712)
文摘To explore saline-tolerant high yield Spartina and rice germplasm resources,innovate upon distant hybridization technology,and develop new saline-tolerant mud flat Spartina germplasm,autonomous patent for invention was used to study distant hybridization of Spartina and rice in 2005- 2016. The study adopted tidal flat planting screening,phenotypic screening,molecular marker assisted selection,to find biological evidences of new germplasm,and also applied crossbreeding,conventional breeding,and molecular breeding,to select new saline-tolerant Spartina and rice varieties. With 12 years of efforts,the team developed 1498 crossbreeding combinations and established pedigree file and seed bank,tested 307 crossbreeding materials(57 hybrid seeds showed parental genetic components of Spartina and Rice); obtained Spartina/ Rice distant hybridization and seed setting,transplanting,hybridization material economic traits,and molecular biological experimental evidences; Rice♀× Spartina ♂ hybridization success rate of 1. 04- 1. 39%; obtained authorization of patent for invention of Distant Hybridization Methods for Spartina and Rice; formulated procedures for high yield cultivation of Spartina-Rice,planted 33. 33 hm2Spartina-Rice in coastal saline and alkaline land,cultivated 10 new saline-tolerant Spartina-Rice varieties,and the rice yield up to 5. 925- 8. 28 t / hm2. Results indicate that Spartina-Rice is saline-tolerant high yield rice germplasm,developed through sexual hybridization,conventional breeding,and molecular breeding technologies,and is optimal crop for saline and alkaline land. Success of Spartina-Rice solves the problem of saline-tolerant crop badly for transformation of saline and alkaline land,the problem of feeds for herbivores,as well as problem of environmental pollution resulted from straw burning. Besides,it is of essential scientific significance for resource utilization,increase of agricultural efficiency,grain security,and farmland strategy,so it has broad application prospect.
文摘为解决海涂的厚层软基和盐渍淤泥腐蚀问题,对海涂厚层盐渍淤泥地基上的工程建设实用性技术进行了研究与实践。利用室内试验研究了海涂淤泥、海涂淤泥加气混凝土废渣混合固化轻质土、海涂淤泥烧结砖和海涂淤泥烧胀陶粒的性质,利用现场试验研究了吹填海涂淤泥的浅层排水固结技术和微型钢管桩基础托换技术的处理效果。试验结论为：连云港海涂地基存在8~40 m厚的盐渍淤泥层,土性软弱,且对混凝土为弱等或中等腐蚀,对钢筋为强腐蚀;海涂淤泥加气混凝土废渣混合固化轻质土强度可控制在200~1000 k Pa之间,能用于滩涂地基上的路堤建设;在深厚海涂地基条件下预压排水固结处理后仍不宜作天然地基的吹填淤泥,推荐快速处理后用于桩基础地基;微型钢管桩托换能阻止深厚软基上浅基础的沉降,还能对原基础进行提升;含盐淤泥能替代粘土烧结成质量合格的砖或陶粒,烧结过程中盐分大大减少。
文摘Along the recently evacuated shores of the retreating Dead Sea black mud deposits have been exposed and hence subjected to head ward erosion resulting in landslides and land collapses threatening herewith the infrastructure in the area. The geotechnical and mineralogical characterization of the black mud show the presence of a variety of clays including smectite, kaolinite, illite, montmorollinite and muscovite with a natural water content near the liquid limit. These geotechnical and mineralogical properties indicate that the mud is prone to rapid erosion and sliding, which actually hit the area and have until now caused damages and degrading topography and geology in the area. The study also refers the origin of the black mud and its organic content to the erosion and deposition of Upper Cretaceous-Tertiary oil shale deposits formerly covering the whole surrounding areas of the Dead Sea. The study suggests engineering solutions to the geologic degradation processes in the area, before further damage to the infrastructure takes place.
