As the Chinese mainland has transitioned from elite to mass higher education,the race to attend university has escalated to become a race to attend selective universities.This study focuses on rural female university ...As the Chinese mainland has transitioned from elite to mass higher education,the race to attend university has escalated to become a race to attend selective universities.This study focuses on rural female university students and explores how they make sense of their higher education admission experiences.We rationalize that the inquiry into fairness is crystallized through examining rural female students’voices,which remain largely marginalized from the literature.Drawing from in-depth interviews with 22 rural female undergraduates from five selective universities in northern China,we focus on their perspectives towards three key issues in higher education admission:entrance exams,region-based quotas that put them at distinct disadvantages,and new reform initiatives.展开更多
To improve the self-cleaning ability of aquaculture tank and the efficiency of circulating water,physical and numerical experiments were conducted on the influence of inlet structure on sewage discharge in a rounded s...To improve the self-cleaning ability of aquaculture tank and the efficiency of circulating water,physical and numerical experiments were conducted on the influence of inlet structure on sewage discharge in a rounded square aquaculture tank with a single inlet.Based on the physical model of the tank,analysis of how inlet structure adjustment affects sewage discharge efficiency and flow field characteristics was conducted to provide suitable flow field conditions for sinkable solid particle discharge.In addition,an internal flow field simulation was conducted using the RNG k-εturbulence model in hydraulic drive mode.Then a solid-fluid multiphase model was created to investigate how the inlet structure affects sewage collection in the rounded square aquaculture tank with single inlet and outlet.The finding revealed that the impact of inlet structure is considerably affecting sewage collection.The conditions of C/B=0.07-0.11(the ratio of horizontal distance between the center of the inlet pipe and the tank wall(C)to length of the tank(B))andα=25°(αis the angle between the direction of the jet and the tangential direction of the arc angle)resulted in optimal sewage collection,which is similar to the flow field experiment in the rounded square aquaculture tank with single inlet and outlet.An excellent correlation was revealed between sewage collection and fluid circulation stability in the aquaculture tank.The present study provided a reference for design and optimization of circulating aquaculture tanks in aquaculture industry.展开更多
In this paper, an aeronautical thin-walled part with a complex geometry which has several sharp bends and curvatures in different directions was investigated. This kind of part is difficult to be manufactured only in ...In this paper, an aeronautical thin-walled part with a complex geometry which has several sharp bends and curvatures in different directions was investigated. This kind of part is difficult to be manufactured only in one stage. Therefore, an innovative multi-stage active hydroforming process assisted by the rigid forming method was designed. In addition, an optimized blank geometry is obtained. In fact, the main focused point of this paper is to propose a new small radius rounded corner forming technique and analyze the mechanism. Two kinds of forming modes of changing a big rounded corner into a small one, which are related to different tangential positions of the die in the process of calibration, are analyzed theoretically. Meanwhile, the stress and strain states of the deformation region are compared. The relationships between the minimum relative radii of rounded corners I and II in the first stage and the hydraulic pressure are calculated by the bending theory. Finally, the influences of the tensile-bulging effect and the interface condition of the double-layer sheet on the forming quality of the specimen are investigated. The achieved results can make a foundation for utilizing the proposed method in forming of thin-walled parts with very small radii.展开更多
Dempster and Rubin(D&R) in their JRSSB paper considered the statistical error caused by data rounding in a linear regression model and compared the Sheppard correction,BRB correction and the ordinary LSE by simula...Dempster and Rubin(D&R) in their JRSSB paper considered the statistical error caused by data rounding in a linear regression model and compared the Sheppard correction,BRB correction and the ordinary LSE by simulations.Some asymptotic results when the rounding scale tends to 0 were also presented.In a previous research,we found that the ordinary sample variance of rounded data from normal populations is always inconsistent while the sample mean of rounded data is consistent if and only if the true mean is a multiple of the half rounding scale.In the light of these results,in this paper we further investigate the rounding errors in linear regressions.We notice that these results form the basic reasons that the Sheppard corrections perform better than other methods in D&R examples and their conclusion in general cases is incorrect.Examples in which the Sheppard correction works worse than the BRB correction are also given.Furthermore,we propose a new approach to estimate the parameters,called "two-stage estimator",and establish the consistency and asymptotic normality of the new estimators.展开更多
The collective motion of rounded squares with different comer-roundness ζ is studied by molecular dynamlcs （MD） simulation in this work. Three types of translational collective motion pattern are observed, includin...The collective motion of rounded squares with different comer-roundness ζ is studied by molecular dynamlcs （MD） simulation in this work. Three types of translational collective motion pattern are observed, including＇, gliding, hopping and a mixture of gliding and hopping. Quantitatively, the dynamics of each observed ordered phase is characterized by both mean square displacement and van Hove functions for both translation and rotation. The effect of corner-roundness on the dynamics is further studied by comparing the dynamics of the rhombic crystal phases folmed by different comer-.rounded particles at a same surface fraction. The results show that as ζ increases from 0.286 to 0.667, the translational collective motion of particles changes from a gliding-dominant pattern to a hopping-dominant patte;n, whereas the rotational motion pattern is hopping-like and does not change in its type, but the rotational hopping becomes much more frequent as increases （i.e., as particles become more rounded）. A simple geometrical model is proposed to explain the trend of gliding motion observed in MD simulations.展开更多
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is vital for very low-resource languages for mitigating the extinction trouble. Chaha is one of the low-resource languages, which suffers from the problem of resource insufficiency a...Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is vital for very low-resource languages for mitigating the extinction trouble. Chaha is one of the low-resource languages, which suffers from the problem of resource insufficiency and some of its phonological, morphological, and orthographic features challenge the development and initiatives in the area of ASR. By considering these challenges, this study is the first endeavor, which analyzed the characteristics of the language, prepared speech corpus, and developed different ASR systems. A small 3-hour read speech corpus was prepared and transcribed. Different basic and rounded phone unit-based speech recognizers were explored using multilingual deep neural network (DNN) modeling methods. The experimental results demonstrated that all the basic phone and rounded phone unit-based multilingual models outperformed the corresponding unilingual models with the relative performance improvements of 5.47% to 19.87% and 5.74% to 16.77%, respectively. The rounded phone unit-based multilingual models outperformed the equivalent basic phone unit-based models with relative performance improvements of 0.95% to 4.98%. Overall, we discovered that multilingual DNN modeling methods are profoundly effective to develop Chaha speech recognizers. Both the basic and rounded phone acoustic units are convenient to build Chaha ASR system. However, the rounded phone unit-based models are superior in performance and faster in recognition speed over the corresponding basic phone unit-based models. Hence, the rounded phone units are the most suitable acoustic units to develop Chaha ASR systems.展开更多
The mutual relationships of three effective factors, the diameter D/d （d is the diameter of exit） of obstructed plate, exit densimetric Froude number and the distance Hid of the plate from jet orifice for obstructed...The mutual relationships of three effective factors, the diameter D/d （d is the diameter of exit） of obstructed plate, exit densimetric Froude number and the distance Hid of the plate from jet orifice for obstructed buoyant jet in static ambient, are analyzed to explain normal and abnormal rounded flowing （reverberated and bifurcated flowing）. The critical Froude numbers for obstructed buoyant jets with H/d=2, 4, 6, 8 which distinguished normal and abnormal flowing pattern are obtained. Normal rounded flowing is found only for a plate under a special value of H/d. A fitted formula of critical Froude numbers with H/d and D/d is presented to distinguish rounded flowing types. The occurring of reverberated or bifurcated flowing in abnormal rounded flow is analyzed. Based on the results of obstructed buoyant jets with D/d=1, normal rounded flowing occurred only for all conditions and axial dilution behind the plate under different H/D is obtained.展开更多
文摘As the Chinese mainland has transitioned from elite to mass higher education,the race to attend university has escalated to become a race to attend selective universities.This study focuses on rural female university students and explores how they make sense of their higher education admission experiences.We rationalize that the inquiry into fairness is crystallized through examining rural female students’voices,which remain largely marginalized from the literature.Drawing from in-depth interviews with 22 rural female undergraduates from five selective universities in northern China,we focus on their perspectives towards three key issues in higher education admission:entrance exams,region-based quotas that put them at distinct disadvantages,and new reform initiatives.
基金Supported by the 2023 Central Government Finance Subsidy Project for Liaoning Fisheries,the Key Research Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education in 2022(No.LJKZZ20220091)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31872609)+1 种基金the Innovation Support Program for High-level Talents of Dalian City(No.2019RD12)the earmarked fund for CARS-49。
文摘To improve the self-cleaning ability of aquaculture tank and the efficiency of circulating water,physical and numerical experiments were conducted on the influence of inlet structure on sewage discharge in a rounded square aquaculture tank with a single inlet.Based on the physical model of the tank,analysis of how inlet structure adjustment affects sewage discharge efficiency and flow field characteristics was conducted to provide suitable flow field conditions for sinkable solid particle discharge.In addition,an internal flow field simulation was conducted using the RNG k-εturbulence model in hydraulic drive mode.Then a solid-fluid multiphase model was created to investigate how the inlet structure affects sewage collection in the rounded square aquaculture tank with single inlet and outlet.The finding revealed that the impact of inlet structure is considerably affecting sewage collection.The conditions of C/B=0.07-0.11(the ratio of horizontal distance between the center of the inlet pipe and the tank wall(C)to length of the tank(B))andα=25°(αis the angle between the direction of the jet and the tangential direction of the arc angle)resulted in optimal sewage collection,which is similar to the flow field experiment in the rounded square aquaculture tank with single inlet and outlet.An excellent correlation was revealed between sewage collection and fluid circulation stability in the aquaculture tank.The present study provided a reference for design and optimization of circulating aquaculture tanks in aquaculture industry.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (No. 2014ZX04002041)
文摘In this paper, an aeronautical thin-walled part with a complex geometry which has several sharp bends and curvatures in different directions was investigated. This kind of part is difficult to be manufactured only in one stage. Therefore, an innovative multi-stage active hydroforming process assisted by the rigid forming method was designed. In addition, an optimized blank geometry is obtained. In fact, the main focused point of this paper is to propose a new small radius rounded corner forming technique and analyze the mechanism. Two kinds of forming modes of changing a big rounded corner into a small one, which are related to different tangential positions of the die in the process of calibration, are analyzed theoretically. Meanwhile, the stress and strain states of the deformation region are compared. The relationships between the minimum relative radii of rounded corners I and II in the first stage and the hydraulic pressure are calculated by the bending theory. Finally, the influences of the tensile-bulging effect and the interface condition of the double-layer sheet on the forming quality of the specimen are investigated. The achieved results can make a foundation for utilizing the proposed method in forming of thin-walled parts with very small radii.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.10871037)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(Grant No.NCET-09-0284)+1 种基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.10871036)the NUS Grant (Grant No.R-155-000-079-112)
文摘Dempster and Rubin(D&R) in their JRSSB paper considered the statistical error caused by data rounding in a linear regression model and compared the Sheppard correction,BRB correction and the ordinary LSE by simulations.Some asymptotic results when the rounding scale tends to 0 were also presented.In a previous research,we found that the ordinary sample variance of rounded data from normal populations is always inconsistent while the sample mean of rounded data is consistent if and only if the true mean is a multiple of the half rounding scale.In the light of these results,in this paper we further investigate the rounding errors in linear regressions.We notice that these results form the basic reasons that the Sheppard corrections perform better than other methods in D&R examples and their conclusion in general cases is incorrect.Examples in which the Sheppard correction works worse than the BRB correction are also given.Furthermore,we propose a new approach to estimate the parameters,called "two-stage estimator",and establish the consistency and asymptotic normality of the new estimators.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21573159 and 21621004)
文摘The collective motion of rounded squares with different comer-roundness ζ is studied by molecular dynamlcs （MD） simulation in this work. Three types of translational collective motion pattern are observed, including＇, gliding, hopping and a mixture of gliding and hopping. Quantitatively, the dynamics of each observed ordered phase is characterized by both mean square displacement and van Hove functions for both translation and rotation. The effect of corner-roundness on the dynamics is further studied by comparing the dynamics of the rhombic crystal phases folmed by different comer-.rounded particles at a same surface fraction. The results show that as ζ increases from 0.286 to 0.667, the translational collective motion of particles changes from a gliding-dominant pattern to a hopping-dominant patte;n, whereas the rotational motion pattern is hopping-like and does not change in its type, but the rotational hopping becomes much more frequent as increases （i.e., as particles become more rounded）. A simple geometrical model is proposed to explain the trend of gliding motion observed in MD simulations.
文摘Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is vital for very low-resource languages for mitigating the extinction trouble. Chaha is one of the low-resource languages, which suffers from the problem of resource insufficiency and some of its phonological, morphological, and orthographic features challenge the development and initiatives in the area of ASR. By considering these challenges, this study is the first endeavor, which analyzed the characteristics of the language, prepared speech corpus, and developed different ASR systems. A small 3-hour read speech corpus was prepared and transcribed. Different basic and rounded phone unit-based speech recognizers were explored using multilingual deep neural network (DNN) modeling methods. The experimental results demonstrated that all the basic phone and rounded phone unit-based multilingual models outperformed the corresponding unilingual models with the relative performance improvements of 5.47% to 19.87% and 5.74% to 16.77%, respectively. The rounded phone unit-based multilingual models outperformed the equivalent basic phone unit-based models with relative performance improvements of 0.95% to 4.98%. Overall, we discovered that multilingual DNN modeling methods are profoundly effective to develop Chaha speech recognizers. Both the basic and rounded phone acoustic units are convenient to build Chaha ASR system. However, the rounded phone unit-based models are superior in performance and faster in recognition speed over the corresponding basic phone unit-based models. Hence, the rounded phone units are the most suitable acoustic units to develop Chaha ASR systems.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50479038)
文摘The mutual relationships of three effective factors, the diameter D/d （d is the diameter of exit） of obstructed plate, exit densimetric Froude number and the distance Hid of the plate from jet orifice for obstructed buoyant jet in static ambient, are analyzed to explain normal and abnormal rounded flowing （reverberated and bifurcated flowing）. The critical Froude numbers for obstructed buoyant jets with H/d=2, 4, 6, 8 which distinguished normal and abnormal flowing pattern are obtained. Normal rounded flowing is found only for a plate under a special value of H/d. A fitted formula of critical Froude numbers with H/d and D/d is presented to distinguish rounded flowing types. The occurring of reverberated or bifurcated flowing in abnormal rounded flow is analyzed. Based on the results of obstructed buoyant jets with D/d=1, normal rounded flowing occurred only for all conditions and axial dilution behind the plate under different H/D is obtained.
