The 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to three physician scientists,Drs.William G.Kaelin,Jr.,Peter Ratcliffe and Gregg Semenza,for their groundbreaking work revealing how cells sense and adapt to ...The 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to three physician scientists,Drs.William G.Kaelin,Jr.,Peter Ratcliffe and Gregg Semenza,for their groundbreaking work revealing how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability.Here,we summarize the history of their discoveries.展开更多
Recently,Gary et al.published an article elucidating how sugars contribute to the protection of dry protein structure.They utilized an ingenious liquid-observed vapor exchange(LOVE)nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)metho...Recently,Gary et al.published an article elucidating how sugars contribute to the protection of dry protein structure.They utilized an ingenious liquid-observed vapor exchange(LOVE)nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)method,providing valuable insights into the protection mechanism of sugars during the drying process.The details of their study can be found in the article available at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00692.展开更多
Small RNAs(sRNAs)are crucial noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression across all kingdoms of life,continually revealing new insights through decades of research.Typically,sRNAs in plants are mainly catego...Small RNAs(sRNAs)are crucial noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression across all kingdoms of life,continually revealing new insights through decades of research.Typically,sRNAs in plants are mainly categorized into microRNAs(miRNAs)and short interfering RNAs(siRNAs),with siRNAs predominantly consisting of phased small interfering RNAs(phasiRNAs)and heterochromatic siRNAs(hc-siRNAs)(Axtell and Meyers,2018).展开更多
1 In the midst of a stormy night in North Carolina,where rain was pouring down on tin roofs and darkness enveloped the world,an inspiring tale unfolded.Despite the tempests rage,a homeless man appeared as an unsung he...1 In the midst of a stormy night in North Carolina,where rain was pouring down on tin roofs and darkness enveloped the world,an inspiring tale unfolded.Despite the tempests rage,a homeless man appeared as an unsung hero,revealing the depth of the human spirit and the profound connection between the man and his furry(毛茸茸的)companions.展开更多
The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Youyou Tu,William C.Campbell and Satoshiōmura for the discoveries of artemisinin and avermectin.Their efficacy on parasitic disease treatment won the...The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Youyou Tu,William C.Campbell and Satoshiōmura for the discoveries of artemisinin and avermectin.Their efficacy on parasitic disease treatment won the recognition of the whole world once again,revealing the dawning of the second＂Golden age＂in the development of natural products（http：//dwz.cn/2u0Rb E）.展开更多
Dear Editor,Insect saliva is formed and secreted by the salivary gland,which is vital for various physiological processes,such as feeding and for viral transmission.More recently,omic approaches,such as transcriptomic...Dear Editor,Insect saliva is formed and secreted by the salivary gland,which is vital for various physiological processes,such as feeding and for viral transmission.More recently,omic approaches,such as transcriptomics,are revealing valued insights into salivary functions during blood feeding(Klouwens et al.,2023).展开更多
Objective:The goal of this study is to analyze the epidemiological patterns of dengue fever across different districts and counties in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2021.Methods:In this study,we employed joinpoint regr...Objective:The goal of this study is to analyze the epidemiological patterns of dengue fever across different districts and counties in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2021.Methods:In this study,we employed joinpoint regression analysis,spatial autocorrelation analysis,and space-time scan analysis to illustrate the spatiotemporal propagation and demographic influence of dengue fever,using both graphical and tabular presentations to clearly demonstrate the findings.Results:Yunnan Province reported 14,098 cases of dengue fever during the period from 2010 to 2021.Of these,11,513 cases were caused by local transmission,2,566 were imported internationally,and 19 were inter-provincial imports.Seasonal trends emerged,revealing a surge in incidences during the summer and autumn months.The sex ratio of male to female cases was 1:0.88,with a significant majority of 82.00%of cases involving individuals belonging to the age group of 15-60.Commercial service workers constituted the most impacted occupational group,forming 20.96%of total cases.A spatio-temporal scan identified significant clustering of dengue fever cases across space and time,with the most pronounced cluster observed in southern Yunnan,primarily between 2015 and 2019.Conclusions:Dengue fever in Yunnan Province manifests as biennial outbreaks,underscoring the necessity for increased surveillance,particularly in counties bordering other regions.展开更多
Protein surface serves as an important representation of protein structure,revealing how protein interacts with other biomolecules to perform its functions.This forms the basis for pharmaceutical and fundamental biolo...Protein surface serves as an important representation of protein structure,revealing how protein interacts with other biomolecules to perform its functions.This forms the basis for pharmaceutical and fundamental biological research[1].Datadriven deep learning methods in protein surface representation face challenges of label scarcity,since labeled data are typically obtained through wet lab experiments.展开更多
Single molecule catalysis is very powerful in revealing catalytic mechanism at the single molecule level.But fluorescent molecule is always necessary to take part into the catalysis directly in previous research.In or...Single molecule catalysis is very powerful in revealing catalytic mechanism at the single molecule level.But fluorescent molecule is always necessary to take part into the catalysis directly in previous research.In order to study the single molecule electro-catalysis of non-fluorescent molecule（SMECNFM） on nanocatalyst, we couple the SMECNFM with a single molecule fluorescence reaction. A certain number of fluorescent molecules will be generated and detected when the SMECNFM happens. Through this method, we can detect the electro-oxidation reaction of one HCOONa molecule. The stability of Pt nanocatalyst supported on active carbon is studied at the single molecule level by this method. This paper also provides a general way to make ultra-sensitive sensor, and to study the SMECNFM for the molecules,such as formic acid, hydrogen, oxygen, etc., on single nanoparticle.展开更多
Jupiter exploration is one of the focuses of deep space exploration in the near future.Design and optimization of trajectories in the Jovian system are crucial technologies for Jupiter exploration missions due to the ...Jupiter exploration is one of the focuses of deep space exploration in the near future.Design and optimization of trajectories in the Jovian system are crucial technologies for Jupiter exploration missions due to the unique and challenging multi-body dynamical environment.Various methodologies have been proposed and developed.However,there is a lack of comprehensive review of these methodologies,which is unfavorable for further developing new design techniques and proposing new mission schemes.This review provides a systematic summarization of the past and state-of-art methodologies for 4 main exploration phases,including Jupiter capture,the tour of the Galilean moons,Jupiter global mapping,and orbiting around and landing on a target moon.For each exploration phase,the related methods are categorized according to the fundamental features.The advantages and capabilities of the methods are described or analyzed,revealing the research progress.Finally,a prospect of future development of the methods is presented,aiming at providing references for further studies on trajectory design and optimization in the Jovian system.展开更多
South Africa has seen an increasing population of children and adolescents accessing antiretroviral treatment (ART) in the past seven years. Many of these children are at the age when they should know their HIV diagno...South Africa has seen an increasing population of children and adolescents accessing antiretroviral treatment (ART) in the past seven years. Many of these children are at the age when they should know their HIV diagnosis. We used grounded theory to explore the process, reasons and outcomes of HIV disclosure to children accessing ART from a paediatric HIV clinic in South Africa. Twenty seven caregivers of children aged 6 - 13 years who were receiving ART participated in four focus group interviews. Four main themes, disclosure occurring as a process, asking HIV related questions, the right age to tell, and the child's reaction to the diagnosis emerged. Biological caregivers approached disclosure as a process;they planned and prepared for the disclosure event for a long time. Full disclosure occurred when the caregivers had dealt with their own personal fears over the child's diagnosis, resulting in disclosure being delayed to older age and adolescence. Non-biological caregivers disclosed impulsively to children and employed partial disclosure. Caregivers disclosed because of the child's refusal to continue taking medication or the child repeatedly questioned the reasons for taking medication. Caregivers also disclosed because it was the right time to disclose, and the right time was often when the child reaches adolescence. After learning about their HIV diagnosis children became more adherent to medication, they also ensured that their HIV infected biological caregivers were adherent too. Children kept their diagnosis secret from people outside their immediate families. The increased survival of children on ART in South Africa calls for concerted efforts from researchers and health care providers to develop disclosure guidelines to assist caregivers to disclose to children in a manner that promotes the wellbeing of the child.展开更多
Background and Objective: Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer because it has very strong metastatic power. Endobuccal localization is very rare. Its discovery is often made in the late stage, which l...Background and Objective: Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer because it has very strong metastatic power. Endobuccal localization is very rare. Its discovery is often made in the late stage, which leads to a consistently pessimistic diagnostic. We report a case of palatal melanoma at the metastatic stage. Case Report: A 43-year-old woman presented left lateral cervical swelling associated with dyspnea for 5 months. She had regularly taken chewing tobacco for 4 years and had developed blackish gums. The endobuccal examination showed a blackish non-haemorrhagic swelling of 5 cm of the long axis, located at the level of the palatal vault, associated with pigmentation in teeth 21, 22, and 23. The anatomopathological examination confirmed the melanoma. The spreading assessment revealed pleural and hepatic metastasis. The proposed treatment was palliative treatment. The patient died 2 months later. Conclusion: Melanoma of the oral mucosa is a very aggressive tumor. The scarcities of dental care among the Malagasy people exacerbate the delay in diagnosis. Its management is still challenging in Madagascar.展开更多
This investigation deals with the intelligent system for parallel fault-tolerant diagnostic tests construction. A modified parallel algorithm for fault-tolerant diagnostic tests construction is proposed. The algorithm...This investigation deals with the intelligent system for parallel fault-tolerant diagnostic tests construction. A modified parallel algorithm for fault-tolerant diagnostic tests construction is proposed. The algorithm is allowed to optimize processing time on tests construction. A matrix model of data and knowledge representation, as well as various kinds of regularities in data and knowledge are presented. Applied intelligent system for diagnostic of mental health of population which is developed with the use of intelligent system for parallel fault-tolerant DTs construction is suggested.展开更多
基金We are eternally grateful for the invaluable guidance provided by Dr.William Kaelin of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute of Harvard Medical School during our memorable postdoctoral training.We also thank the Science Bulletin in China for granting permission for the reprint.33 We apologize to the numerous investigators whose important relevant publications cannot be cited due to space constraints.The research conducted in the authors’laboratories was supported in part by grants from the American Cancer Society Research Scholar Award(to Q.Z),the National Institutes of Health(R01CA211732 to Q.Z.and R01CA237586 and P50CA121974(to Q.Y.))the Cancer Prevention&Research Institute of Texas(to Q.Z),and the VHLA award(to H.Y.).The funding sources were not involved in the study design,in the collection,analysis and interpretation of data,in the writing of the report,or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
文摘The 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to three physician scientists,Drs.William G.Kaelin,Jr.,Peter Ratcliffe and Gregg Semenza,for their groundbreaking work revealing how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability.Here,we summarize the history of their discoveries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 21973110 and 21925406).
文摘Recently,Gary et al.published an article elucidating how sugars contribute to the protection of dry protein structure.They utilized an ingenious liquid-observed vapor exchange(LOVE)nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)method,providing valuable insights into the protection mechanism of sugars during the drying process.The details of their study can be found in the article available at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00692.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32300449 and 32070248)the National Innovative Talent Project and the Innovative Talent Program supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(E412RG1)。
文摘Small RNAs(sRNAs)are crucial noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression across all kingdoms of life,continually revealing new insights through decades of research.Typically,sRNAs in plants are mainly categorized into microRNAs(miRNAs)and short interfering RNAs(siRNAs),with siRNAs predominantly consisting of phased small interfering RNAs(phasiRNAs)and heterochromatic siRNAs(hc-siRNAs)(Axtell and Meyers,2018).
文摘1 In the midst of a stormy night in North Carolina,where rain was pouring down on tin roofs and darkness enveloped the world,an inspiring tale unfolded.Despite the tempests rage,a homeless man appeared as an unsung hero,revealing the depth of the human spirit and the profound connection between the man and his furry(毛茸茸的)companions.
文摘The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Youyou Tu,William C.Campbell and Satoshiōmura for the discoveries of artemisinin and avermectin.Their efficacy on parasitic disease treatment won the recognition of the whole world once again,revealing the dawning of the second＂Golden age＂in the development of natural products（http：//dwz.cn/2u0Rb E）.
基金supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(31830074)the“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(No.2023C02030)the Program for Chinese Innovation Team in Key Areas of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(2016RA4008)。
文摘Dear Editor,Insect saliva is formed and secreted by the salivary gland,which is vital for various physiological processes,such as feeding and for viral transmission.More recently,omic approaches,such as transcriptomics,are revealing valued insights into salivary functions during blood feeding(Klouwens et al.,2023).
基金National Science and Technology Infrastructure Platform,National Population and Health Science Data Sharing Service Platform,Public Health Science Data Center(NCMI-ZB01N-201905).
文摘Objective:The goal of this study is to analyze the epidemiological patterns of dengue fever across different districts and counties in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2021.Methods:In this study,we employed joinpoint regression analysis,spatial autocorrelation analysis,and space-time scan analysis to illustrate the spatiotemporal propagation and demographic influence of dengue fever,using both graphical and tabular presentations to clearly demonstrate the findings.Results:Yunnan Province reported 14,098 cases of dengue fever during the period from 2010 to 2021.Of these,11,513 cases were caused by local transmission,2,566 were imported internationally,and 19 were inter-provincial imports.Seasonal trends emerged,revealing a surge in incidences during the summer and autumn months.The sex ratio of male to female cases was 1:0.88,with a significant majority of 82.00%of cases involving individuals belonging to the age group of 15-60.Commercial service workers constituted the most impacted occupational group,forming 20.96%of total cases.A spatio-temporal scan identified significant clustering of dengue fever cases across space and time,with the most pronounced cluster observed in southern Yunnan,primarily between 2015 and 2019.Conclusions:Dengue fever in Yunnan Province manifests as biennial outbreaks,underscoring the necessity for increased surveillance,particularly in counties bordering other regions.
基金This work was supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Plan of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(Grant No.23S41900400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62076070).
文摘Protein surface serves as an important representation of protein structure,revealing how protein interacts with other biomolecules to perform its functions.This forms the basis for pharmaceutical and fundamental biological research[1].Datadriven deep learning methods in protein surface representation face challenges of label scarcity,since labeled data are typically obtained through wet lab experiments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21373264 and 21573275)Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics(No.Y3AAA11004)Thousand Youth Talents Plan(No.Y3BQA11001)
文摘Single molecule catalysis is very powerful in revealing catalytic mechanism at the single molecule level.But fluorescent molecule is always necessary to take part into the catalysis directly in previous research.In order to study the single molecule electro-catalysis of non-fluorescent molecule（SMECNFM） on nanocatalyst, we couple the SMECNFM with a single molecule fluorescence reaction. A certain number of fluorescent molecules will be generated and detected when the SMECNFM happens. Through this method, we can detect the electro-oxidation reaction of one HCOONa molecule. The stability of Pt nanocatalyst supported on active carbon is studied at the single molecule level by this method. This paper also provides a general way to make ultra-sensitive sensor, and to study the SMECNFM for the molecules,such as formic acid, hydrogen, oxygen, etc., on single nanoparticle.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12102177)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220130).
文摘Jupiter exploration is one of the focuses of deep space exploration in the near future.Design and optimization of trajectories in the Jovian system are crucial technologies for Jupiter exploration missions due to the unique and challenging multi-body dynamical environment.Various methodologies have been proposed and developed.However,there is a lack of comprehensive review of these methodologies,which is unfavorable for further developing new design techniques and proposing new mission schemes.This review provides a systematic summarization of the past and state-of-art methodologies for 4 main exploration phases,including Jupiter capture,the tour of the Galilean moons,Jupiter global mapping,and orbiting around and landing on a target moon.For each exploration phase,the related methods are categorized according to the fundamental features.The advantages and capabilities of the methods are described or analyzed,revealing the research progress.Finally,a prospect of future development of the methods is presented,aiming at providing references for further studies on trajectory design and optimization in the Jovian system.
文摘South Africa has seen an increasing population of children and adolescents accessing antiretroviral treatment (ART) in the past seven years. Many of these children are at the age when they should know their HIV diagnosis. We used grounded theory to explore the process, reasons and outcomes of HIV disclosure to children accessing ART from a paediatric HIV clinic in South Africa. Twenty seven caregivers of children aged 6 - 13 years who were receiving ART participated in four focus group interviews. Four main themes, disclosure occurring as a process, asking HIV related questions, the right age to tell, and the child's reaction to the diagnosis emerged. Biological caregivers approached disclosure as a process;they planned and prepared for the disclosure event for a long time. Full disclosure occurred when the caregivers had dealt with their own personal fears over the child's diagnosis, resulting in disclosure being delayed to older age and adolescence. Non-biological caregivers disclosed impulsively to children and employed partial disclosure. Caregivers disclosed because of the child's refusal to continue taking medication or the child repeatedly questioned the reasons for taking medication. Caregivers also disclosed because it was the right time to disclose, and the right time was often when the child reaches adolescence. After learning about their HIV diagnosis children became more adherent to medication, they also ensured that their HIV infected biological caregivers were adherent too. Children kept their diagnosis secret from people outside their immediate families. The increased survival of children on ART in South Africa calls for concerted efforts from researchers and health care providers to develop disclosure guidelines to assist caregivers to disclose to children in a manner that promotes the wellbeing of the child.
文摘Background and Objective: Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer because it has very strong metastatic power. Endobuccal localization is very rare. Its discovery is often made in the late stage, which leads to a consistently pessimistic diagnostic. We report a case of palatal melanoma at the metastatic stage. Case Report: A 43-year-old woman presented left lateral cervical swelling associated with dyspnea for 5 months. She had regularly taken chewing tobacco for 4 years and had developed blackish gums. The endobuccal examination showed a blackish non-haemorrhagic swelling of 5 cm of the long axis, located at the level of the palatal vault, associated with pigmentation in teeth 21, 22, and 23. The anatomopathological examination confirmed the melanoma. The spreading assessment revealed pleural and hepatic metastasis. The proposed treatment was palliative treatment. The patient died 2 months later. Conclusion: Melanoma of the oral mucosa is a very aggressive tumor. The scarcities of dental care among the Malagasy people exacerbate the delay in diagnosis. Its management is still challenging in Madagascar.
文摘This investigation deals with the intelligent system for parallel fault-tolerant diagnostic tests construction. A modified parallel algorithm for fault-tolerant diagnostic tests construction is proposed. The algorithm is allowed to optimize processing time on tests construction. A matrix model of data and knowledge representation, as well as various kinds of regularities in data and knowledge are presented. Applied intelligent system for diagnostic of mental health of population which is developed with the use of intelligent system for parallel fault-tolerant DTs construction is suggested.
