Sleep disorders have a profound and well-documented impact on overall health and quality of life in the general population. In patients with chronic disease, sleep disorders are more prevalent, with an additional morb...Sleep disorders have a profound and well-documented impact on overall health and quality of life in the general population. In patients with chronic disease, sleep disorders are more prevalent, with an additional morbidity and mortality burden. The complex and dynamic relationship between sleep disorders and chronic kidney disease(CKD) remain relatively little investigated. This article presents an overview of sleep disorders in patients with CKD, with emphasis on relevant pathophysiologic underpinnings and clinical presentations. Evidence-based interventions will be discussed, in the context of individual sleep disorders, namely sleep apnea, insomnia, restless leg syndrome and excessive daytime sleepiness. Limitations of the current knowledge as well as future research directions will be highlighted, with a final discussion of different conceptual frameworks of the relationship between sleep disorders and CKD.展开更多
Objective: Pontine infarction is a common type of stroke in the cerebral deep structures, resulting from occlusion of small penetrating arteries, may manifest as hemi-paralysis, hemi-sensory deficit, ataxia, vertigo, ...Objective: Pontine infarction is a common type of stroke in the cerebral deep structures, resulting from occlusion of small penetrating arteries, may manifest as hemi-paralysis, hemi-sensory deficit, ataxia, vertigo, and bulbar dysfunction, but patients presenting with restless legs syndrome (RLS) are extremely rare. Herein, we reported five cases with RLS as a major manifestation of pontine infarction.Methods: Five cases of pontine infarction related RLS were collected from July 2013 to February 2016. The diagnosis of RLS was made according to criteria established by the International RLS Study Group (IRLSSG) in 2003. Neurological functions were assessed according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Severity of RLS was based on the International RLS Rating Scale (IRLS-RS). Sleep quality was assessed by Epworth Rating Scale (ERS), and individual emotional and psychological states were assessed by Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS).Results: The laboratory data at the onset including hemoglobin, serum concentration of homocysteine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, electrolytes, and thyroid hormones were normal. The electroencephalogram (EEG), lower-extremity somatosensory evoked potential (SEP), and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in four limbs were normal. The average period of follow-up was 34.60 ± 12.76 months. The MRI examination showed acute or subacute pontine infarction lesions, 3 cases in the rostral inner side, 1 case in the rostral lateral and inner side, and 1 case in rostral lateral side. The neurological deficits included weakness in 4 cases, contralateral sensory deficit in 1 case, and ataxia in 2 cases. All 5 patients presented with symptom of RLS at or soon after the onset of infarction and 4 patients experienced uncomfortable sensations in the paralyzed limbs contralateral to the ischemic lesion. Their neurological deficits improved significantly 2 weeks later, but the symptoms of RLS did not resolve. Among 展开更多
BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLS)is characterized by an urge to move with an unpleasant sensation in the lower limbs.RLS typically affects the legs.However,it can also affect several other body regions,such as th...BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLS)is characterized by an urge to move with an unpleasant sensation in the lower limbs.RLS typically affects the legs.However,it can also affect several other body regions,such as the arms,abdomen,face,neck,head,and genital area.There are only a few reports of the RLS variant affecting the head.AIM To assess the epidemiological,clinical,and other aspects of the RLS variant affecting the head.METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 17 adult patients(>18 years)who met the RLS criteria and simultaneously experienced RLS-like symptoms in the head.RESULTS The median age at which symptoms appeared was 41.6 years.Males and females were equally affected(1.1:1).All 17 patients had uncomfortable sensations in the lower legs.Insomnia or disturbed sleep was the most common comorbidity(n=16,88.2%).However,headache was the most common presenting or primary symptom(n=10,70.5%).Dizziness or an abnormal sensation in the head was the second most common presenting symptom(5 patients,29.4%).Other presenting features were leg pain,backache,and generalized body pain.All patients responded favorably to dopaminergic medications.CONCLUSION If RLS-related unpleasant sensations and pain are felt in the head,they may be misinterpreted as headache,dizziness,or psychosomatic symptoms.RLS and headaches in a subset of patients may be two phenotypic manifestations of the same disorder.展开更多
Background The prevalence of sleep disorders has been shown to be high in patients with chronic dialysis patients and may contribute to impaired quality of life and higher mortality in this population.However,there ar...Background The prevalence of sleep disorders has been shown to be high in patients with chronic dialysis patients and may contribute to impaired quality of life and higher mortality in this population.However,there are few data on the relationship of sleep disorders and their risk factors in chronic dialysis patients.The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of sleep disorders and their risk factors in chronic dialysis patients.Methods A total of 42 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis （CAPD） patients were involved in this cross-sectional study.Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）.Restless legs syndrome （RLS） was diagnosed according to the criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group.And depression was assessed by Hamilton depression scale.General information and laboratory data were collected.Results The prevalence of sleep disorders was 47.6％ in the CAPD patients.According to the PSQI,the 42 CAPD patients were divided into sleep disturbance group and non-sleep disorders group.There were no significant differences in age,gender,dialysis duration,hemoglobin,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,β2-microglobulin,parathyroid hormone,calcium,and phosphorus between CAPD patients with sleep disorders and those without sleep disorders.But the level of serum albumin （AIb） in CAPD patients with sleep disorders was significantly lower than that in CAPD patients without sleep disorders （31.3±1.4 vs.34.3±3.7,t=3.603,P=0.001）.And the prevalence of RLS and depression was significantly higher than that in CAPD patients without sleep disorders （RLS：11/22 vs.1/20,x2=10.395,P=0.001; depression：7/22 vs.1/20,x2=4.886,P=0.027）.In CAPD patients with RLS,the prevalence of sleep disorders was significantly higher than that in CAPD patients without RLS （11/22 vs.11/30,x2=10.395,P=0.001）.And in CAPD patients with depression,the prevalence of sleep disorders was significantly higher than that in CAPD patients without depression （7/8 vs展开更多
In mobile cloud computing(MCC) systems,both the mobile access network and the cloud computing network are heterogeneous,implying the diverse configurations of hardware,software,architecture,resource,etc.In such hetero...In mobile cloud computing(MCC) systems,both the mobile access network and the cloud computing network are heterogeneous,implying the diverse configurations of hardware,software,architecture,resource,etc.In such heterogeneous mobile cloud(HMC) networks,both radio and cloud resources could become the system bottleneck,thus designing the schemes that separately and independently manage the resources may severely hinder the system performance.In this paper,we aim to design the network as the integration of the mobile access part and the cloud computing part,utilizing the inherent heterogeneity to meet the diverse quality of service(QoS)requirements of tenants.Furthermore,we propose a novel cross-network radio and cloud resource management scheme for HMC networks,which is QoS-aware,with the objective of maximizing the tenant revenue while satisfying the QoS requirements.The proposed scheme is formulated as a restless bandits problem,whose "indexability" feature guarantees the low complexity with scalable and distributed characteristics.Extensive simulation results are presented to demonstrate the significant performance improvement of the proposed scheme compared to the existing ones.展开更多
Background： Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is a noninvasive technique used to alter cortex excitability that has been proposed as an efficient method for treating brain hyperexcitability or hyp...Background： Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is a noninvasive technique used to alter cortex excitability that has been proposed as an efficient method for treating brain hyperexcitability or hypoexcitability disorders. Tile aim of this study was to investigate whether high-fi-equency rTMS could have any beneficial effects in restless legs syndrome （RLS）. Methods： Fourteen patients with RLS were given high-frequency rTMS （15 Hz, 100% motor threshold） to tile leg representation motor cortex area of the frontal lobe for 14 sessions over 18 days. Patients were diagnosed according to the international criteria proposed by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group in 2003. The International RLS Rating Scale （1RLS-RS）, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）, Hamilton Anxiety Scale （llAMA） and Hamilton Depression Scale were used to evaluate the severity of RLS, sleep quality, anxiety and depression, respectively. The scale scores were evaluated at four-time points （baseline, end of the 14th session, and at 1- and 2-month posttreatrnent）. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare scale scores at different time points. Results： There was significant improvement in the 1RLS-RS （from 23.86 ± 5.88 to 11.21 ± 7.23, P 〈 0.05）, PSQ1 （frorn 15.00 ± 4.88 to 9.29 ± 3.91, P 〈 0.05）, and HAMA （from 17.93 ± 7.11 to 10.36 ± 7.13, P 〈 0.05） scale scores at the end of 14th session, with ongoing effects lasting for at least 2 months. Conclusions： High-17equency rTMS can markedly alleviate the motor system symptoms, sleep disturbances, and anxiety in RLS patients. These restllts suggest that rTMS might be an option for treating RLS.展开更多
Federated learning(FL)is an emerging privacy-preserving distributed computing paradigm,enabling numerous clients to collaboratively train machine learning models without the necessity of transmitting clients’private ...Federated learning(FL)is an emerging privacy-preserving distributed computing paradigm,enabling numerous clients to collaboratively train machine learning models without the necessity of transmitting clients’private datasets to the central server.Unlike most existing research where the local datasets of clients are assumed to be unchanged over time throughout the whole FL process,our study addresses such scenarios in this paper where clients’datasets need to be updated periodically,and the server can incentivize clients to employ as fresh as possible datasets for local model training.Our primary objective is to design a client selection strategy to minimize the loss of the global model for FL loss within a constrained budget.To this end,we introduce the concept of“Age of Information”(AoI)to quantitatively assess the freshness of local datasets and conduct a theoretical analysis of the convergence bound in our AoI-aware FL system.Based on the convergence bound,we further formulate our problem as a restless multi-armed bandit(RMAB)problem.Next,we relax the RMAB problem and apply the Lagrangian Dual approach to decouple it into multiple subproblems.Finally,we propose a Whittle’s Index Based Client Selection(WICS)algorithm to determine the set of selected clients.In addition,comprehensive simulations substantiate that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce training loss and enhance the learning accuracy compared with some state-of-the-art methods.展开更多
AIM To investigate the association between restless legs syndrome(RLS) and well-defined chronic liver disease, and the possible therapeutic options. METHODS Two hundred and eleven patients with chronic liver disease, ...AIM To investigate the association between restless legs syndrome(RLS) and well-defined chronic liver disease, and the possible therapeutic options. METHODS Two hundred and eleven patients with chronic liver disease, complaining of sleep disturbances, painful leg sensation and daily sleepiness, were included. Patients with persistent alcohol intake, recent worsening of clinical conditions, or hepatitis C virus were excluded. Diagnosis of RLS was suggested by the Johns Hopkins questionnaire and verified by fulfilling the diagnostic criteria by Allen. All patients were tested, both at baseline and during follow-up, with the Hamilton rating scale for depression, sleep quality assessment(PSQI), Epworth sleepiness scale(ESS), International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group evaluation, and international RLS severity(IRLS) scoring system. Ironfree level, ferritin, folate, vitamin B12 and D-OH25 were detected. Neurological examinations and blood testoccurred at the beginning of the therapy, after 2 wk, and at the 28^(th), 75 th, 105 th, 135 th, 165 th and 205 th day. Regarding therapy, pramipexole or gabapentin were used.RESULTS Patients were moderately depressed, with evident nocturnal sleep problems and concomitant daily sleepiness. Sleep problems and involuntary leg movements had been underestimated, and RLS s yndrome had not be e n c ons ide re d be fore t he neurological visit. All(211/211) patients fulfilled the RLS diagnostic criteria. Twenty-two patients considered their symptoms as mild, according to IRSL, but 189 found them moderate to very severe. No correlation was found between ammonium level and ESS or PSQI. Augmentation was rather precocious in our patients(135 th day), and more frequent(35%) than previous data(8.3%-9.1%). The dosage of dopamine agonists was found to be associated with augmentation and appears in range with the literature. Previous intake of alcohol and lower levels of vitamins have been related to the phenomenon in our study.CONCLUSION RLS is a common disorder, requiring rapid diagnosis 展开更多
In OFDM-based System such as long term evolution （LTE）, the scheduling scheme plays an essential role in not only improving the capacity of system, but also guarantee the fairness among the user equipments （UEs）. ...In OFDM-based System such as long term evolution （LTE）, the scheduling scheme plays an essential role in not only improving the capacity of system, but also guarantee the fairness among the user equipments （UEs）. However, most existing work about scheduling only considers the current throughput in physical layer. Thus in this paper, a cross-layer scheduling with fairness based on restless bandit （CSFRB） scheme with the ＇indexability＇ property is proposed for the multi-user orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing （OFDM） system to minimize the distortion in the application layer, to maximize the throughput and to minimize the energy consumption in the physical layer. The scheduling problem is firstly established as a restless bandit problem, which is solved by the primal-dual index heuristic algorithm based on the first order relaxation with low complexity, to yield the CSFRB scheme. AdditionaUy, this scheme is divided into offiine computation and online selection, where main work will be finished in former one so as to decrease the complexity further. Finally, extensive simulation results illustrate the significant performance improvement of the proposed CSFRB scheme compared to the existing one in different scenarios.展开更多
AIM To examine whether hemodialysis(HD) patients with restless legs syndrome(RLS) are subjects of greater fatigue and impaired quality of life(QoL) compared to HD patients without RLS.METHODS Eighty five stable HD pat...AIM To examine whether hemodialysis(HD) patients with restless legs syndrome(RLS) are subjects of greater fatigue and impaired quality of life(QoL) compared to HD patients without RLS.METHODS Eighty five stable HD patients participated in this study. According to their RLS status, the patients were dividedinto the RLS group(n = 23) and the non-RLS group(n = 62). QoL, fatigue, sleep quality, daily sleepiness and depression symptoms were assessed by using various questionnaires. Finally, biochemical parameters including iron, ferritin, hemoglobin, hematocrit and parathormone were assessed. RESULTS The HD patients with RLS scored worse in all the questionnaires used in the study(P < 0.05). The patients with RLS were more likely to receive the HD therapy on the morning shift, whilst 43.5% of the RLS patients reported to experience the RLS symptoms also during HD. The severity of RLS was correlated with fatigue, depression score and sleep quality(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION HD patients with RLS are subject to lower QoL related parameters and greater fatigue compared to HD patients without RLS. RLS should be successfully managed in order to improve the QoL of the sufferers.展开更多
Summary： Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy was used to treat 49 cases of restless legs syndrome. Yanglingquan （GB 34）, Jinggu（BL 64）, Chengshan （BL 57）, Chengjin （BL 56） and Shangqiu （SP 5） were the main ...Summary： Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy was used to treat 49 cases of restless legs syndrome. Yanglingquan （GB 34）, Jinggu（BL 64）, Chengshan （BL 57）, Chengjin （BL 56） and Shangqiu （SP 5） were the main acupoints; Ganshu （BL 18）, Shenshu （BL 23） and Taixi （ KI 3） were matched to the type of deficiency of liver and kidney yin; Xuehai （SP 10） and Sanyinjiao （SP 6） were matched to the type of cold-dampness entering interior. Chengshan （BL 57） and Chengjin （BL 56） were needled. After the arrival of qi, warm needling was done. Bilateral Chengshan （BL 57） were injected with complex prescription Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae （丹参）injection. The clinical symptoms of 41 cases disappeared totally, the clinical symptoms of 7 cases disappeared and the clinical symptoms of 1 case disappeared partly.展开更多
基金Supported by a NIH grant to Dr.Cukor(MD006875)(in part)
文摘Sleep disorders have a profound and well-documented impact on overall health and quality of life in the general population. In patients with chronic disease, sleep disorders are more prevalent, with an additional morbidity and mortality burden. The complex and dynamic relationship between sleep disorders and chronic kidney disease(CKD) remain relatively little investigated. This article presents an overview of sleep disorders in patients with CKD, with emphasis on relevant pathophysiologic underpinnings and clinical presentations. Evidence-based interventions will be discussed, in the context of individual sleep disorders, namely sleep apnea, insomnia, restless leg syndrome and excessive daytime sleepiness. Limitations of the current knowledge as well as future research directions will be highlighted, with a final discussion of different conceptual frameworks of the relationship between sleep disorders and CKD.
文摘Objective: Pontine infarction is a common type of stroke in the cerebral deep structures, resulting from occlusion of small penetrating arteries, may manifest as hemi-paralysis, hemi-sensory deficit, ataxia, vertigo, and bulbar dysfunction, but patients presenting with restless legs syndrome (RLS) are extremely rare. Herein, we reported five cases with RLS as a major manifestation of pontine infarction.Methods: Five cases of pontine infarction related RLS were collected from July 2013 to February 2016. The diagnosis of RLS was made according to criteria established by the International RLS Study Group (IRLSSG) in 2003. Neurological functions were assessed according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Severity of RLS was based on the International RLS Rating Scale (IRLS-RS). Sleep quality was assessed by Epworth Rating Scale (ERS), and individual emotional and psychological states were assessed by Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS).Results: The laboratory data at the onset including hemoglobin, serum concentration of homocysteine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, electrolytes, and thyroid hormones were normal. The electroencephalogram (EEG), lower-extremity somatosensory evoked potential (SEP), and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in four limbs were normal. The average period of follow-up was 34.60 ± 12.76 months. The MRI examination showed acute or subacute pontine infarction lesions, 3 cases in the rostral inner side, 1 case in the rostral lateral and inner side, and 1 case in rostral lateral side. The neurological deficits included weakness in 4 cases, contralateral sensory deficit in 1 case, and ataxia in 2 cases. All 5 patients presented with symptom of RLS at or soon after the onset of infarction and 4 patients experienced uncomfortable sensations in the paralyzed limbs contralateral to the ischemic lesion. Their neurological deficits improved significantly 2 weeks later, but the symptoms of RLS did not resolve. Among
文摘BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLS)is characterized by an urge to move with an unpleasant sensation in the lower limbs.RLS typically affects the legs.However,it can also affect several other body regions,such as the arms,abdomen,face,neck,head,and genital area.There are only a few reports of the RLS variant affecting the head.AIM To assess the epidemiological,clinical,and other aspects of the RLS variant affecting the head.METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 17 adult patients(>18 years)who met the RLS criteria and simultaneously experienced RLS-like symptoms in the head.RESULTS The median age at which symptoms appeared was 41.6 years.Males and females were equally affected(1.1:1).All 17 patients had uncomfortable sensations in the lower legs.Insomnia or disturbed sleep was the most common comorbidity(n=16,88.2%).However,headache was the most common presenting or primary symptom(n=10,70.5%).Dizziness or an abnormal sensation in the head was the second most common presenting symptom(5 patients,29.4%).Other presenting features were leg pain,backache,and generalized body pain.All patients responded favorably to dopaminergic medications.CONCLUSION If RLS-related unpleasant sensations and pain are felt in the head,they may be misinterpreted as headache,dizziness,or psychosomatic symptoms.RLS and headaches in a subset of patients may be two phenotypic manifestations of the same disorder.
基金This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.81200543）,Excellent Person Project of Beijing （No.2012D003034000010）,Basic-clinical Cooperation Fund of Capital Medical University （No.12JL44） and Beijing Municipal Health Bureau High-level Medical Professionals Promotion Project （No.2013-3-016）.
文摘Background The prevalence of sleep disorders has been shown to be high in patients with chronic dialysis patients and may contribute to impaired quality of life and higher mortality in this population.However,there are few data on the relationship of sleep disorders and their risk factors in chronic dialysis patients.The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of sleep disorders and their risk factors in chronic dialysis patients.Methods A total of 42 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis （CAPD） patients were involved in this cross-sectional study.Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）.Restless legs syndrome （RLS） was diagnosed according to the criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group.And depression was assessed by Hamilton depression scale.General information and laboratory data were collected.Results The prevalence of sleep disorders was 47.6％ in the CAPD patients.According to the PSQI,the 42 CAPD patients were divided into sleep disturbance group and non-sleep disorders group.There were no significant differences in age,gender,dialysis duration,hemoglobin,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,β2-microglobulin,parathyroid hormone,calcium,and phosphorus between CAPD patients with sleep disorders and those without sleep disorders.But the level of serum albumin （AIb） in CAPD patients with sleep disorders was significantly lower than that in CAPD patients without sleep disorders （31.3±1.4 vs.34.3±3.7,t=3.603,P=0.001）.And the prevalence of RLS and depression was significantly higher than that in CAPD patients without sleep disorders （RLS：11/22 vs.1/20,x2=10.395,P=0.001; depression：7/22 vs.1/20,x2=4.886,P=0.027）.In CAPD patients with RLS,the prevalence of sleep disorders was significantly higher than that in CAPD patients without RLS （11/22 vs.11/30,x2=10.395,P=0.001）.And in CAPD patients with depression,the prevalence of sleep disorders was significantly higher than that in CAPD patients without depression （7/8 vs
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61101113,61372089 and 61201198 the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant 4132007,4132015 and 4132019 the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant 20111103120017
文摘In mobile cloud computing(MCC) systems,both the mobile access network and the cloud computing network are heterogeneous,implying the diverse configurations of hardware,software,architecture,resource,etc.In such heterogeneous mobile cloud(HMC) networks,both radio and cloud resources could become the system bottleneck,thus designing the schemes that separately and independently manage the resources may severely hinder the system performance.In this paper,we aim to design the network as the integration of the mobile access part and the cloud computing part,utilizing the inherent heterogeneity to meet the diverse quality of service(QoS)requirements of tenants.Furthermore,we propose a novel cross-network radio and cloud resource management scheme for HMC networks,which is QoS-aware,with the objective of maximizing the tenant revenue while satisfying the QoS requirements.The proposed scheme is formulated as a restless bandits problem,whose "indexability" feature guarantees the low complexity with scalable and distributed characteristics.Extensive simulation results are presented to demonstrate the significant performance improvement of the proposed scheme compared to the existing ones.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Background： Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is a noninvasive technique used to alter cortex excitability that has been proposed as an efficient method for treating brain hyperexcitability or hypoexcitability disorders. Tile aim of this study was to investigate whether high-fi-equency rTMS could have any beneficial effects in restless legs syndrome （RLS）. Methods： Fourteen patients with RLS were given high-frequency rTMS （15 Hz, 100% motor threshold） to tile leg representation motor cortex area of the frontal lobe for 14 sessions over 18 days. Patients were diagnosed according to the international criteria proposed by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group in 2003. The International RLS Rating Scale （1RLS-RS）, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）, Hamilton Anxiety Scale （llAMA） and Hamilton Depression Scale were used to evaluate the severity of RLS, sleep quality, anxiety and depression, respectively. The scale scores were evaluated at four-time points （baseline, end of the 14th session, and at 1- and 2-month posttreatrnent）. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare scale scores at different time points. Results： There was significant improvement in the 1RLS-RS （from 23.86 ± 5.88 to 11.21 ± 7.23, P 〈 0.05）, PSQ1 （frorn 15.00 ± 4.88 to 9.29 ± 3.91, P 〈 0.05）, and HAMA （from 17.93 ± 7.11 to 10.36 ± 7.13, P 〈 0.05） scale scores at the end of 14th session, with ongoing effects lasting for at least 2 months. Conclusions： High-17equency rTMS can markedly alleviate the motor system symptoms, sleep disturbances, and anxiety in RLS patients. These restllts suggest that rTMS might be an option for treating RLS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62172386the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China under Grant No.BK20231212the Teaching Research Project of the Education Department of Anhui Province of China under Grant No.2021jyxm1738.
文摘Federated learning(FL)is an emerging privacy-preserving distributed computing paradigm,enabling numerous clients to collaboratively train machine learning models without the necessity of transmitting clients’private datasets to the central server.Unlike most existing research where the local datasets of clients are assumed to be unchanged over time throughout the whole FL process,our study addresses such scenarios in this paper where clients’datasets need to be updated periodically,and the server can incentivize clients to employ as fresh as possible datasets for local model training.Our primary objective is to design a client selection strategy to minimize the loss of the global model for FL loss within a constrained budget.To this end,we introduce the concept of“Age of Information”(AoI)to quantitatively assess the freshness of local datasets and conduct a theoretical analysis of the convergence bound in our AoI-aware FL system.Based on the convergence bound,we further formulate our problem as a restless multi-armed bandit(RMAB)problem.Next,we relax the RMAB problem and apply the Lagrangian Dual approach to decouple it into multiple subproblems.Finally,we propose a Whittle’s Index Based Client Selection(WICS)algorithm to determine the set of selected clients.In addition,comprehensive simulations substantiate that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce training loss and enhance the learning accuracy compared with some state-of-the-art methods.
文摘AIM To investigate the association between restless legs syndrome(RLS) and well-defined chronic liver disease, and the possible therapeutic options. METHODS Two hundred and eleven patients with chronic liver disease, complaining of sleep disturbances, painful leg sensation and daily sleepiness, were included. Patients with persistent alcohol intake, recent worsening of clinical conditions, or hepatitis C virus were excluded. Diagnosis of RLS was suggested by the Johns Hopkins questionnaire and verified by fulfilling the diagnostic criteria by Allen. All patients were tested, both at baseline and during follow-up, with the Hamilton rating scale for depression, sleep quality assessment(PSQI), Epworth sleepiness scale(ESS), International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group evaluation, and international RLS severity(IRLS) scoring system. Ironfree level, ferritin, folate, vitamin B12 and D-OH25 were detected. Neurological examinations and blood testoccurred at the beginning of the therapy, after 2 wk, and at the 28^(th), 75 th, 105 th, 135 th, 165 th and 205 th day. Regarding therapy, pramipexole or gabapentin were used.RESULTS Patients were moderately depressed, with evident nocturnal sleep problems and concomitant daily sleepiness. Sleep problems and involuntary leg movements had been underestimated, and RLS s yndrome had not be e n c ons ide re d be fore t he neurological visit. All(211/211) patients fulfilled the RLS diagnostic criteria. Twenty-two patients considered their symptoms as mild, according to IRSL, but 189 found them moderate to very severe. No correlation was found between ammonium level and ESS or PSQI. Augmentation was rather precocious in our patients(135 th day), and more frequent(35%) than previous data(8.3%-9.1%). The dosage of dopamine agonists was found to be associated with augmentation and appears in range with the literature. Previous intake of alcohol and lower levels of vitamins have been related to the phenomenon in our study.CONCLUSION RLS is a common disorder, requiring rapid diagnosis
基金supported by the National Natural science Foundation of China (2009ZX03002-014)the National Youth Science Foundation (61001115)
文摘In OFDM-based System such as long term evolution （LTE）, the scheduling scheme plays an essential role in not only improving the capacity of system, but also guarantee the fairness among the user equipments （UEs）. However, most existing work about scheduling only considers the current throughput in physical layer. Thus in this paper, a cross-layer scheduling with fairness based on restless bandit （CSFRB） scheme with the ＇indexability＇ property is proposed for the multi-user orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing （OFDM） system to minimize the distortion in the application layer, to maximize the throughput and to minimize the energy consumption in the physical layer. The scheduling problem is firstly established as a restless bandit problem, which is solved by the primal-dual index heuristic algorithm based on the first order relaxation with low complexity, to yield the CSFRB scheme. AdditionaUy, this scheme is divided into offiine computation and online selection, where main work will be finished in former one so as to decrease the complexity further. Finally, extensive simulation results illustrate the significant performance improvement of the proposed CSFRB scheme compared to the existing one in different scenarios.
文摘AIM To examine whether hemodialysis(HD) patients with restless legs syndrome(RLS) are subjects of greater fatigue and impaired quality of life(QoL) compared to HD patients without RLS.METHODS Eighty five stable HD patients participated in this study. According to their RLS status, the patients were dividedinto the RLS group(n = 23) and the non-RLS group(n = 62). QoL, fatigue, sleep quality, daily sleepiness and depression symptoms were assessed by using various questionnaires. Finally, biochemical parameters including iron, ferritin, hemoglobin, hematocrit and parathormone were assessed. RESULTS The HD patients with RLS scored worse in all the questionnaires used in the study(P < 0.05). The patients with RLS were more likely to receive the HD therapy on the morning shift, whilst 43.5% of the RLS patients reported to experience the RLS symptoms also during HD. The severity of RLS was correlated with fatigue, depression score and sleep quality(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION HD patients with RLS are subject to lower QoL related parameters and greater fatigue compared to HD patients without RLS. RLS should be successfully managed in order to improve the QoL of the sufferers.
文摘Summary： Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy was used to treat 49 cases of restless legs syndrome. Yanglingquan （GB 34）, Jinggu（BL 64）, Chengshan （BL 57）, Chengjin （BL 56） and Shangqiu （SP 5） were the main acupoints; Ganshu （BL 18）, Shenshu （BL 23） and Taixi （ KI 3） were matched to the type of deficiency of liver and kidney yin; Xuehai （SP 10） and Sanyinjiao （SP 6） were matched to the type of cold-dampness entering interior. Chengshan （BL 57） and Chengjin （BL 56） were needled. After the arrival of qi, warm needling was done. Bilateral Chengshan （BL 57） were injected with complex prescription Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae （丹参）injection. The clinical symptoms of 41 cases disappeared totally, the clinical symptoms of 7 cases disappeared and the clinical symptoms of 1 case disappeared partly.
