The standard ordered response model (SORM) is a common disaggregate approach with ordered outcomes in which the effects of various exogenous attributes are assumed constant across ordinal choices. In this study, an in...The standard ordered response model (SORM) is a common disaggregate approach with ordered outcomes in which the effects of various exogenous attributes are assumed constant across ordinal choices. In this study, an innovative latent class based generalized ordered response model (LC-GORM) is formulated and used to assess the effects of various factors on respondents’ choice behavior with respect to congestion charge proposal for Jakarta, Indonesia. The proposed model probabilistically assigns respondents into selfish and altruistic class memberships (latently) based on their knowledge of the proposed scheme and their specific attributes. Aiming to capture observable preference heterogeneity across ordinal choices and allow the thresholds to be varied across observations, we parameterize the thresholds as a linear function of the exogenous variables for each ordinal preference. Using stated preference data collected in Jakarta in December 2013, we incorporate the influence of a comprehensive set of explanatory variables into four categories: charges, latent variables related to respondent’s psychological motivations, mobility attributes and socio-demographic characteristics. Empirical results obviously verify the existence of preference heterogeneity across outcomes. The findings confirm that the altruistic class are more sensitive with respect to acceptance of the scheme, while the selfish class are more sensitive with respect to rejection. The key factors influencing public acceptability include the charge level and respondent variables such as car dependency, awareness of the problem of cars in society, frequency of visits to the city center and frequency of private mode usage.展开更多
This study uses an innovative, network-based recruitment strategy (non-monetary, web-based respondent driven sampling) to gather a sample of il/legal marijuana users. Network-driven effects amongst marijuana users are...This study uses an innovative, network-based recruitment strategy (non-monetary, web-based respondent driven sampling) to gather a sample of il/legal marijuana users. Network-driven effects amongst marijuana users are examined to test the explanatory validity of several theories of social deviance. The study finds that respondent driven sampling techniques lack effectiveness without primary monetary incentives, even when meaningful secondary incentives are utilized. Additionally, the study suggests that marijuana user networks exhibit strong homophilic attachment tendencies.展开更多
The presentation contains information on existing geodetic data for King George Island obtained from the questionnaires distributed among the members of the WGGGI.
One long standing limitation of survey research is the issue of respondent error.Until present there have been no research methods able to correct for this problem.In this study we present two approaches to correct fo...One long standing limitation of survey research is the issue of respondent error.Until present there have been no research methods able to correct for this problem.In this study we present two approaches to correct for respondent error.In the first approach,we demonstrate how a valid instrument can be used,and the second approach requires two additional indicators.One is used to measure the response error and the second is used to correct for endogeneity.The second half of this study presents possible sources for valid indicators to correct for respondent error and make consistent estimation possible.展开更多
Building envelopes include facades and roof, which have the most interaction and exchange with outside and natural environment. In the future, meeting buildings various complicated needs with new technological advance...Building envelopes include facades and roof, which have the most interaction and exchange with outside and natural environment. In the future, meeting buildings various complicated needs with new technological advances necessitates a change and evolution in building envelopes. Controlling the energy consumption of the buildings is mostly through controlling the energy performance of the building envelopes. New technologies lead to the intelligent facades and envelopes. The envelope can be designed to be a part of the whole building＇s metabolism （energy production, storage and consumption） and morphology. The envelope would be a controlled part of the building which is managed through the central control system of the building, which connects it to other parts. It caused building envelope design to be changed fundamentally, so that there is a need to interact with engineering disciplines including computer engineering, mechanical engineering, material engineering and so on. All of these caused building envelope to get closer to biological and living systems. The physical restrictions which affect buildings system and living systems are the same. So they cause the same forces to shape the structure and form of the systems and the same rules to interact with the environment. The restrictions of material and energy resources caused living systems to be energy efficient and consuming less material. But the most important difference between living systems and building systems is in maximum use of different resources. As living systems use information maximally, the building system technology is based on using maximum energy. Now, there are many reasons and restrictions that building envelopes cannot act like living systems. But technological developments and contributing more disciplines in design and construction of building envelopes caused the future way of these envelopes get close to living systems for their energy efficiency. Some of living systems characteristics which the future building envelopes would h展开更多
文摘The standard ordered response model (SORM) is a common disaggregate approach with ordered outcomes in which the effects of various exogenous attributes are assumed constant across ordinal choices. In this study, an innovative latent class based generalized ordered response model (LC-GORM) is formulated and used to assess the effects of various factors on respondents’ choice behavior with respect to congestion charge proposal for Jakarta, Indonesia. The proposed model probabilistically assigns respondents into selfish and altruistic class memberships (latently) based on their knowledge of the proposed scheme and their specific attributes. Aiming to capture observable preference heterogeneity across ordinal choices and allow the thresholds to be varied across observations, we parameterize the thresholds as a linear function of the exogenous variables for each ordinal preference. Using stated preference data collected in Jakarta in December 2013, we incorporate the influence of a comprehensive set of explanatory variables into four categories: charges, latent variables related to respondent’s psychological motivations, mobility attributes and socio-demographic characteristics. Empirical results obviously verify the existence of preference heterogeneity across outcomes. The findings confirm that the altruistic class are more sensitive with respect to acceptance of the scheme, while the selfish class are more sensitive with respect to rejection. The key factors influencing public acceptability include the charge level and respondent variables such as car dependency, awareness of the problem of cars in society, frequency of visits to the city center and frequency of private mode usage.
文摘This study uses an innovative, network-based recruitment strategy (non-monetary, web-based respondent driven sampling) to gather a sample of il/legal marijuana users. Network-driven effects amongst marijuana users are examined to test the explanatory validity of several theories of social deviance. The study finds that respondent driven sampling techniques lack effectiveness without primary monetary incentives, even when meaningful secondary incentives are utilized. Additionally, the study suggests that marijuana user networks exhibit strong homophilic attachment tendencies.
文摘The presentation contains information on existing geodetic data for King George Island obtained from the questionnaires distributed among the members of the WGGGI.
文摘One long standing limitation of survey research is the issue of respondent error.Until present there have been no research methods able to correct for this problem.In this study we present two approaches to correct for respondent error.In the first approach,we demonstrate how a valid instrument can be used,and the second approach requires two additional indicators.One is used to measure the response error and the second is used to correct for endogeneity.The second half of this study presents possible sources for valid indicators to correct for respondent error and make consistent estimation possible.
文摘Building envelopes include facades and roof, which have the most interaction and exchange with outside and natural environment. In the future, meeting buildings various complicated needs with new technological advances necessitates a change and evolution in building envelopes. Controlling the energy consumption of the buildings is mostly through controlling the energy performance of the building envelopes. New technologies lead to the intelligent facades and envelopes. The envelope can be designed to be a part of the whole building＇s metabolism （energy production, storage and consumption） and morphology. The envelope would be a controlled part of the building which is managed through the central control system of the building, which connects it to other parts. It caused building envelope design to be changed fundamentally, so that there is a need to interact with engineering disciplines including computer engineering, mechanical engineering, material engineering and so on. All of these caused building envelope to get closer to biological and living systems. The physical restrictions which affect buildings system and living systems are the same. So they cause the same forces to shape the structure and form of the systems and the same rules to interact with the environment. The restrictions of material and energy resources caused living systems to be energy efficient and consuming less material. But the most important difference between living systems and building systems is in maximum use of different resources. As living systems use information maximally, the building system technology is based on using maximum energy. Now, there are many reasons and restrictions that building envelopes cannot act like living systems. But technological developments and contributing more disciplines in design and construction of building envelopes caused the future way of these envelopes get close to living systems for their energy efficiency. Some of living systems characteristics which the future building envelopes would h
