Effects of suction dredging on water quality and zooplankton community structure in a shallow of eutrophic lake, were evaluated. The results showed that a decreasing trend for levels of phosphorus, organic matter, tot...Effects of suction dredging on water quality and zooplankton community structure in a shallow of eutrophic lake, were evaluated. The results showed that a decreasing trend for levels of phosphorus, organic matter, total suspended solids, Chlorophyll a and Secchi transparency in the water column was found, while levels of water depth, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and NO3^--N concentration increased markedly post-dredging. The effects of dredging on dissolved oxygen, pH value and temperature were almost negligible. The zooplankton community structure responded rapidly to the environmental changes caused mainly by dredging. As a result, the abundance of rotifers decreased, while the density of zooplanktonic crustaceans increased markedly. The representative taxa were Brachionus angularis, B. budapestinensis, B. diversicornis, Synchaeta spp. and Neodiaptomus schmackeri. A distinct relationship between zooplankton taxa composition and their environment, unraveled by a redundancy analysis, indicating that the measured environment contributed to the variations in the zooplankton community structure to some extent. The first four synthetic environmental variables explained 51.7% of the taxonomic structure. Therefore, with the reduction of internal nutrient load and a shift in dominance by less eutrophic species, it inferred that dredging might be one of effective measures for environmental improvements of such lakes.展开更多
文摘土壤酶能反映土壤生物化学过程的强度与方向,深入解析土壤酶活性与环境因子的相关性,有助于探索土壤生态过程,为开展土壤系统的科学调控提供科学依据.以塔里木河上游阿拉尔垦区为研究区,选择新开棉田、10 a棉田、30 a棉田、果园、人工林、天然林、荒草地、盐碱地及沙地等不同土地利用类型为研究对象,运用经典统计学分析绿洲土壤酶活性及环境因子的分异规律,并结合冗余分析技术研究土壤酶活性与环境因子相关关系.经典统计学分析显示,土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶、碱性磷酸酶活性均值分别为4.27 m L·g-1、0.34 mg·g-1、2.08 m L·g-1、0.08 mg·g-1.冗余分析结果表明:全氮、有机质、有效磷、土壤含水量、全盐与土壤酶活性呈极显著相关性(P<0.01);土壤容重与土壤酶活性表现为显著相关性;其他环境因子与土壤酶活性的相关性均不显著(P>0.05).环境因子与土壤酶活性相关性大小排序为全氮>有机质>有效磷>土壤含水量>全盐>容重>速效钾>p H.
基金supported by the High-Tech Research Program (863) of China (No.2009ZX07106-002-004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30870221,20877093,50808172, 50909091)
文摘Effects of suction dredging on water quality and zooplankton community structure in a shallow of eutrophic lake, were evaluated. The results showed that a decreasing trend for levels of phosphorus, organic matter, total suspended solids, Chlorophyll a and Secchi transparency in the water column was found, while levels of water depth, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and NO3^--N concentration increased markedly post-dredging. The effects of dredging on dissolved oxygen, pH value and temperature were almost negligible. The zooplankton community structure responded rapidly to the environmental changes caused mainly by dredging. As a result, the abundance of rotifers decreased, while the density of zooplanktonic crustaceans increased markedly. The representative taxa were Brachionus angularis, B. budapestinensis, B. diversicornis, Synchaeta spp. and Neodiaptomus schmackeri. A distinct relationship between zooplankton taxa composition and their environment, unraveled by a redundancy analysis, indicating that the measured environment contributed to the variations in the zooplankton community structure to some extent. The first four synthetic environmental variables explained 51.7% of the taxonomic structure. Therefore, with the reduction of internal nutrient load and a shift in dominance by less eutrophic species, it inferred that dredging might be one of effective measures for environmental improvements of such lakes.
文摘研究不同空间尺度的景观组成与结构对水质的影响对于水质保护具有重要意义。青弋江为长江下游最长的支流,人类活动可能通过多种方式对水质产生影响。以青弋江流域为研究对象,基于Google Earth遥感数据和水质实测数据,采用冗余分析(RDA)和Spearman相关性分析,探讨了土地利用/景观格局对水质的影响。研究结论为:(1)以采样点为中心建立的100、200、500、1000、2000 m 5种尺度缓冲区中,500 m半径圆形缓冲区景观组成对水质的解释率最高,枯水期与丰水期对水质的解释率分别为46.30%和43.10%。(2)土地利用类型中,耕地和建设用地面积与NH4+-N、TP、EC呈正相关,对水质具有负面效应;林地面积与DO呈正相关,对污染物起到净化作用;土地利用综合程度指数与污染指标呈正相关,表明人类活动强的区域,水质变差。(3)景观格局指数中,PRD在丰水期与NH4+-N、TP浓度为负相关,相关系数分别为-0.656、-0.540,表明随斑块丰富度密度的增大,流域生态系统更加稳定;LPI与DO浓度在枯水期为显著负向相关,相关系数为-0.653,SHAPEAM与NH4+-N、TP呈显著正向相关,表明随人类活动强度的增大,水质恶化;FRACAM与水质的关系无法得到合理的解释。通过多角度分析,在一定程度揭示了青弋江流域的生态水文过程,有利于土地利用管理和水质保护,进而促进资源的可持续利用。研究结果可为政府相关职能部门进行决策时提供参考。
