钕铁硼因其优异的磁性能而得到广泛的应用,在生产加工过程中会产生40%左右的废料,其中氧化严重的废料需用化学方法来回收价格高昂的稀土元素。利用稀土草酸盐和草酸亚铁在水中溶解度的巨大差异,向钕铁硼废料酸溶液中滴加草酸直接得到稀...钕铁硼因其优异的磁性能而得到广泛的应用,在生产加工过程中会产生40%左右的废料,其中氧化严重的废料需用化学方法来回收价格高昂的稀土元素。利用稀土草酸盐和草酸亚铁在水中溶解度的巨大差异,向钕铁硼废料酸溶液中滴加草酸直接得到稀土草酸盐,使稀土元素和杂质元素分离。通过研究草酸的用量、溶液的p H值及反应温度对草酸盐沉淀实验结果的影响,得到的产物通过热重分析（TGA）研究其分解过程,确定其完全分解的条件。最后用X射线衍射仪（XRD）检测产物的物相,用X射线荧光光谱仪（XRF）分析产物的元素种类及含量。实验结果表明,在80℃,p H 1.5－2.0,草酸用量比1.5,沉淀效果最佳,得到的稀土草酸盐经过烘干在800℃下灼烧得到混合稀土氧化物,Nd和Pr的混合稀土氧化物达99.27%。在钕铁硼废料的回收中应用草酸盐沉淀法可以高效地分离稀土元素和铁元素,提高废料的回收利用率,促进资源循环。展开更多
The amount of spent rechargeable lithium batteries （RLBs） is growing rapidly owing to wide application of these batteries in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, which obliges that spent RLBs should be...The amount of spent rechargeable lithium batteries （RLBs） is growing rapidly owing to wide application of these batteries in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, which obliges that spent RLBs should be handled properly. Identification of spent RLBs can supply fundamental information for spent RLBs recycling. This study aimed to determine the differences of physical components and chemical compositions among various spent RLBs. All the samplings of RLBs were rigorously dismantled and measured by an inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The results indicate that the average of total weight of the separator, the anode and the cathode accounted for over 60% of all the RLBs. The weight ratio of valuable metals ranged from 26% to 76%, and approximately 20% of total weight was Cu and Al. Moreover, no significant differences were found among different manufacturers, applications, and electrolyte types. And regarding portable electronic devices, there is also no significant difference in the Co-Li concentration ratios in the leaching liquid of RLBs.展开更多
Recycling of waste sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets by doping DyH3 nanoparticles was investigated. The effect of the DyH3 nanoparticles on the microstructure and magnetic properties of the recycled magnets was studi...Recycling of waste sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets by doping DyH3 nanoparticles was investigated. The effect of the DyH3 nanoparticles on the microstructure and magnetic properties of the recycled magnets was studied. As the DyH3 nanoparticles additive increased, the coercivity of recycled magnet increased gradually. The recycled magnets with DyH3 nanoparticle content between 0.0 wt.% and 1.0 wt.% maintained the remanence （Br）, but, with higher additions, the Br began to decrease rapidly. The best recycled magnet produced contained 1.0 wt.% of DyH3 nanoparticles when compared to the properties of the starting waste sintering magnet. The Hcj, Br and （BH）max values of 101.7%, 95.4%, and 88.58%, respectively, were recovered.展开更多
文摘钕铁硼因其优异的磁性能而得到广泛的应用,在生产加工过程中会产生40%左右的废料,其中氧化严重的废料需用化学方法来回收价格高昂的稀土元素。利用稀土草酸盐和草酸亚铁在水中溶解度的巨大差异,向钕铁硼废料酸溶液中滴加草酸直接得到稀土草酸盐,使稀土元素和杂质元素分离。通过研究草酸的用量、溶液的p H值及反应温度对草酸盐沉淀实验结果的影响,得到的产物通过热重分析（TGA）研究其分解过程,确定其完全分解的条件。最后用X射线衍射仪（XRD）检测产物的物相,用X射线荧光光谱仪（XRF）分析产物的元素种类及含量。实验结果表明,在80℃,p H 1.5－2.0,草酸用量比1.5,沉淀效果最佳,得到的稀土草酸盐经过烘干在800℃下灼烧得到混合稀土氧化物,Nd和Pr的混合稀土氧化物达99.27%。在钕铁硼废料的回收中应用草酸盐沉淀法可以高效地分离稀土元素和铁元素,提高废料的回收利用率,促进资源循环。
基金Acknowledgements This project was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 71373141）, and a special fund of State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control （No. llZ02ESPCT）.
文摘The amount of spent rechargeable lithium batteries （RLBs） is growing rapidly owing to wide application of these batteries in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, which obliges that spent RLBs should be handled properly. Identification of spent RLBs can supply fundamental information for spent RLBs recycling. This study aimed to determine the differences of physical components and chemical compositions among various spent RLBs. All the samplings of RLBs were rigorously dismantled and measured by an inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The results indicate that the average of total weight of the separator, the anode and the cathode accounted for over 60% of all the RLBs. The weight ratio of valuable metals ranged from 26% to 76%, and approximately 20% of total weight was Cu and Al. Moreover, no significant differences were found among different manufacturers, applications, and electrolyte types. And regarding portable electronic devices, there is also no significant difference in the Co-Li concentration ratios in the leaching liquid of RLBs.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2012AA063201)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51001002,51371002)
文摘Recycling of waste sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets by doping DyH3 nanoparticles was investigated. The effect of the DyH3 nanoparticles on the microstructure and magnetic properties of the recycled magnets was studied. As the DyH3 nanoparticles additive increased, the coercivity of recycled magnet increased gradually. The recycled magnets with DyH3 nanoparticle content between 0.0 wt.% and 1.0 wt.% maintained the remanence （Br）, but, with higher additions, the Br began to decrease rapidly. The best recycled magnet produced contained 1.0 wt.% of DyH3 nanoparticles when compared to the properties of the starting waste sintering magnet. The Hcj, Br and （BH）max values of 101.7%, 95.4%, and 88.58%, respectively, were recovered.
