Both the Newton interpolating polynomials and the Thiele-type interpolating continued fractions based on inverse differences are used to construct a kind of bivariate blending rational interpolants and an error estima...Both the Newton interpolating polynomials and the Thiele-type interpolating continued fractions based on inverse differences are used to construct a kind of bivariate blending rational interpolants and an error estimation is given.展开更多
Breeding is the art and science of selecting and changing crop traits for the benefit of human beings. For several decades, tremendous efforts have been made by Chinese scientists in rice breeding in improving grain y...Breeding is the art and science of selecting and changing crop traits for the benefit of human beings. For several decades, tremendous efforts have been made by Chinese scientists in rice breeding in improving grain yield, nutrition quality, and environmental performance, achieving substantial progress for global food security. Several generations of crop breeding technologies have been developed, for example,selection of better performance in the field among variants(conventional breeding), application of molecular markers for precise selection(molecular marker assisted breeding), and development of molecular design(molecular breeding by rational design). In this review, we briefly summarize the advances in conventional breeding, functional genomics for genes and networks in rice that regulate important agronomic traits, and molecular breeding in China with focuses on high yield, good quality,stress tolerance, and high nutrient-use efficiency. These findings have paved a new avenue for rational design of crops to develop ideal varieties with super performance and productivity.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:Nanozymes,nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities with high structural stability,adjustable catalytic activity,functional diversity,recyclability,and feasibility in large-scale preparation,have become a h...CONSPECTUS:Nanozymes,nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities with high structural stability,adjustable catalytic activity,functional diversity,recyclability,and feasibility in large-scale preparation,have become a hot spot in the field of artificial enzymes in recent years and are expected to become potential surrogates and competitors for natural enzymes in practical applications.With the development of in-depth research and a wide range of application requirements,creating nanozymes with catalytic performance comparable to or even surpassing that of natural enzymes has been the key research topic in this field.Most of the nanozymes reported in the past were obtained based on random synthesis and screening,for which the catalytic efficiency is far inferior to that of natural enzymes.Natural enzymes that have evolved over hundreds of millions of years have developed a lot of high-efficiency catalysis know-how hidden in their structural features.To create highly active nanozymes,we assumed that there is a general structure−activity relationship between nanozymes and natural enzymes and proposed the nanozyme optimization strategy by grafting the catalytic principles of natural enzymes into the rational design of nanozymes.On the basis of this bioinspired strategy,a series of nanozymes that exhibit similar catalytic activities that are closer to or even beyond those of natural enzymes have been successfully synthesized.By now,rationally designed high-activity bioinspired nanozymes have become a hot topic in the current research on nanozymes.In this Account,we focus on recent representative research progress in the systemic design and construction of bioinspired nanozymes and are devoted to introducing strategic concepts in the bioinspired optimization of nanozymes.We show that the de novo design of nanozymes by simulating the amino acid microenvironment and using metal-free architecture and the coordination structure of metal active sites in natural enzymes is an effective strategy for significantly improving th展开更多
文摘Both the Newton interpolating polynomials and the Thiele-type interpolating continued fractions based on inverse differences are used to construct a kind of bivariate blending rational interpolants and an error estimation is given.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0100603)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.91635301)
文摘Breeding is the art and science of selecting and changing crop traits for the benefit of human beings. For several decades, tremendous efforts have been made by Chinese scientists in rice breeding in improving grain yield, nutrition quality, and environmental performance, achieving substantial progress for global food security. Several generations of crop breeding technologies have been developed, for example,selection of better performance in the field among variants(conventional breeding), application of molecular markers for precise selection(molecular marker assisted breeding), and development of molecular design(molecular breeding by rational design). In this review, we briefly summarize the advances in conventional breeding, functional genomics for genes and networks in rice that regulate important agronomic traits, and molecular breeding in China with focuses on high yield, good quality,stress tolerance, and high nutrient-use efficiency. These findings have paved a new avenue for rational design of crops to develop ideal varieties with super performance and productivity.
基金supported by the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(grant no.QYZDY-SSWSMC013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.31900981)+2 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(XDB29040101)the CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team(JCTD-2020-08)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(no.2019093).
文摘CONSPECTUS:Nanozymes,nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities with high structural stability,adjustable catalytic activity,functional diversity,recyclability,and feasibility in large-scale preparation,have become a hot spot in the field of artificial enzymes in recent years and are expected to become potential surrogates and competitors for natural enzymes in practical applications.With the development of in-depth research and a wide range of application requirements,creating nanozymes with catalytic performance comparable to or even surpassing that of natural enzymes has been the key research topic in this field.Most of the nanozymes reported in the past were obtained based on random synthesis and screening,for which the catalytic efficiency is far inferior to that of natural enzymes.Natural enzymes that have evolved over hundreds of millions of years have developed a lot of high-efficiency catalysis know-how hidden in their structural features.To create highly active nanozymes,we assumed that there is a general structure−activity relationship between nanozymes and natural enzymes and proposed the nanozyme optimization strategy by grafting the catalytic principles of natural enzymes into the rational design of nanozymes.On the basis of this bioinspired strategy,a series of nanozymes that exhibit similar catalytic activities that are closer to or even beyond those of natural enzymes have been successfully synthesized.By now,rationally designed high-activity bioinspired nanozymes have become a hot topic in the current research on nanozymes.In this Account,we focus on recent representative research progress in the systemic design and construction of bioinspired nanozymes and are devoted to introducing strategic concepts in the bioinspired optimization of nanozymes.We show that the de novo design of nanozymes by simulating the amino acid microenvironment and using metal-free architecture and the coordination structure of metal active sites in natural enzymes is an effective strategy for significantly improving th
