<strong>Introduction: </strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Female Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-...<strong>Introduction: </strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Female Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">related deaths in the U.S. While the incidence rate is lower in Hispanic-Black, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mortality rate is higher compared to Non-Hispanic White. This study investigates the trends of incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer in the U.S.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2000-2016. It further explores the racial disparities between these two races. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Data for four age groups (15</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">39</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">yrs, 40</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">64</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">yrs, 65</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">74</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">yrs, 75+</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">yrs) of Hispanic-Black and Non-Hispanic White women for breast cancer were extracted from SEER;age</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">adjusted rate (U.S. 2000 standard pop</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ulation). Primary trend analysi展开更多
Objectives: To investigate differences in sleep quality between Hispanics of Mexican descent (HMD) and Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) and evaluate the effect of acculturation to the US lifestyle in sleep health. We hypothe...Objectives: To investigate differences in sleep quality between Hispanics of Mexican descent (HMD) and Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) and evaluate the effect of acculturation to the US lifestyle in sleep health. We hypothesize that the detrimental effect of acculturation on health outcomes will impact sleep quality among HMD. Design: We performed a population-based random digit dialing telephone survey to determine sleep quality in HMD and NHW. We collected from 3667 subjects, demographics, previous diagnosis of depression or anxiety, past treatment for sleep disorders, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics. Results: The prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) was 64.4% for HMD and 64.3% for NHW (p = 0.93). A prior diagnosis of depression or anxiety was an independent predictor of poor sleep quality in both groups (OR 3.4 and 2.7 for HMD and NHW. Ethnicity was not a predictor of poor sleep quality in HMD or NHW. Acculturation was not a predictor of poor sleep quality in HMD. However, highly acculturated young HMD males had significantly more prevalence of poor sleep quality compared to NHW (64.8% vs. 49.8%, p Conclusion: The absence of sleep quality differences in a large sample of HMD and NHW living in San Diego County is contrary to current data of having poorer sleep quality among Latinos. We found that neither ethnicity nor acculturation were predictors of poor sleep quality in HMD. However, we demonstrated a highly prevalent poor sleep quality among the two ethnic groups. The finding of significantly lower sleep quality in young highly acculturated HMD men may represent the heterogeneity of ethnicity related to sleep. Programs to improve sleep quality in subjects with depression and/or anxiety, and in young highly-acculturated HMD seems warranted.展开更多
Background:Survival from pancreatic cancer is low worldwide.In the US,the 5-year relative survival has been slightly higher for women,whites and younger patients than for their counterparts,and differences in age and ...Background:Survival from pancreatic cancer is low worldwide.In the US,the 5-year relative survival has been slightly higher for women,whites and younger patients than for their counterparts,and differences in age and stage at diagnosis[Corrections added Nov 16,2022,after first online publication:a new affiliation is added to Maja Nikšić]may contribute to this pattern.We aimed to examine trends in survival by race,stage,age and sex for adults(15-99 years)diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in the US.Methods:This population-based study included 399,427 adults registered with pancreatic cancer in 41 US state cancer registries during 2001-2014,with followup to December 31,2014.We estimated age-specific and age-standardized net survival at 1 and 5 years.Results:Overall,12.3%of patients were blacks,and 84.2%were whites.About 9.5%of patients were diagnosed with localized disease,but 50.5%were diagnosed at an advanced stage;slightly more among blacks,mainly among men.No substantial changes were seen over time(2001-2003,2004-2008,2009-2014).In general,1-year net survival was higher in whites than in blacks(26.1%vs.22.1%during 2001-2003,35.1%vs.31.4%during 2009-2014).This difference was particularly evident among patients with localized disease(49.6%in whites vs.44.6%in blacks during 2001-2003,60.1%vs.55.3%during 2009-2014).The survival gap between blacks and whites with localized disease was persistent at 5 years after diagnosis,and it widened over time(from 24.0%vs.21.3%during 2001-2003 to 39.7%vs.31.0%during 2009-2014).The survival gap was wider among men than among women.Conclusions:Gaps in 1-and 5-year survival between blacks and whites were persistent throughout 2001-2014,especially for patients diagnosed with a localized tumor,for which surgery is currently the only treatment modality with the potential for cure.展开更多
Our population-based epidemiological studies demonstrated that the epidemiological aspects of ocular melanomas are different from those in cutaneous melanoma.The incidences of conjunctival melanoma increased in the pa...Our population-based epidemiological studies demonstrated that the epidemiological aspects of ocular melanomas are different from those in cutaneous melanoma.The incidences of conjunctival melanoma increased in the past decades and was higher in the South(greater sun exposure),which is consistent with the occurrence of cutaneous melanoma.On the contrary,incidences of uveal melanoma are in the opposite direction of cutaneous melanomas.This indicates that solar radiation does not cause an increase of incidences of melanoma in ocular tissues (uveal melanoma) that are not exposed to solar radiation.Solar radiation increases the incidence of melanoma only in tissues exposed to said radiation,such as in conjunctival and eyelid melanomas.Uveal melanoma incidences in lightpigmented individuals are much greater than in dark-pigmented individuals.This result cannot be attributed to a melanin photo-screening effect,and is possibly related to melanin's biophysical and biochemical effects.The difference in incidences between light-and dark-pigmented individuals in conjunctival melanomas,as well as in vulvar and vaginal melanomas,are much lower than that in the uveal and cutaneous melanomas.This difference may be related to the different histological structures in these melanomas;.conjunctival and vaginal melanomas occur in the mucous membrane,whereas cutaneous melanomas occur in the skin.Recent molecular biological studies indicate that each type of melanoma has its own molecular changes which are different from the others.Therefore,independent studies are required for each type of melanoma to discover their own etiology and pathogenesis,and to develop relevant novel prevention and treatment procedures.展开更多
This qualitative research aims to investigate the process of how Chinese American women develop their identities while growing up in the United States as daughters of Chinese immigrants.Specifically,the author explore...This qualitative research aims to investigate the process of how Chinese American women develop their identities while growing up in the United States as daughters of Chinese immigrants.Specifically,the author explores the following questions:How do Chinese American women come to identify themselves as Chinese American,and act this identity in their everyday lives?How does the process of self-identification interact with their interpretations of how they are perceived and recognized?How do they incorporate educational messages from their family and schooling into their own understandings of the social world they live in?How have their understandings of their identity changed along the path with their encountering different social contexts and institutions?Through collecting personal accounts by interviews,the researcher intends to unravel the intersectionality of race,class,gender,and ethnicity,and illustrate how that would affect these Chinese American women's educational experience and life outcomes accordingly.展开更多
Background:The number of cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the United States has risen sharply since March 2020.A county health ranking and roadmaps program has been established to identify factors associated ...Background:The number of cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the United States has risen sharply since March 2020.A county health ranking and roadmaps program has been established to identify factors associated with disparity in mobility and mortality of COVID-19 in all counties in the United States.The risk factors associated with county-level mortality of COVID-19 with various levels of prevaIence are not well understood.Methods:Using the data obtained from the County Health Rankings and Roadmaps program,this study applied a negative binomial design to the courtty-level mortality counts of COVID-19 as of August 27,2020 in the United States.In this design,the infected counties were categorized into three levels of infections using clustering analysis based on time-var ying cumulative con firmed cases from March 1 to August 27,2020.COVID-19 patients were not analyzed in dividually but were aggregated at the county-level,where the coun ty-level deaths of COVID-19 con firmed by the local health agencies.Clustering analysis and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used in our statistical analysis.展开更多
文摘<strong>Introduction: </strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Female Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">related deaths in the U.S. While the incidence rate is lower in Hispanic-Black, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mortality rate is higher compared to Non-Hispanic White. This study investigates the trends of incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer in the U.S.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2000-2016. It further explores the racial disparities between these two races. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Data for four age groups (15</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">39</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">yrs, 40</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">64</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">yrs, 65</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">74</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">yrs, 75+</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">yrs) of Hispanic-Black and Non-Hispanic White women for breast cancer were extracted from SEER;age</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">adjusted rate (U.S. 2000 standard pop</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ulation). Primary trend analysi
文摘Objectives: To investigate differences in sleep quality between Hispanics of Mexican descent (HMD) and Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) and evaluate the effect of acculturation to the US lifestyle in sleep health. We hypothesize that the detrimental effect of acculturation on health outcomes will impact sleep quality among HMD. Design: We performed a population-based random digit dialing telephone survey to determine sleep quality in HMD and NHW. We collected from 3667 subjects, demographics, previous diagnosis of depression or anxiety, past treatment for sleep disorders, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics. Results: The prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) was 64.4% for HMD and 64.3% for NHW (p = 0.93). A prior diagnosis of depression or anxiety was an independent predictor of poor sleep quality in both groups (OR 3.4 and 2.7 for HMD and NHW. Ethnicity was not a predictor of poor sleep quality in HMD or NHW. Acculturation was not a predictor of poor sleep quality in HMD. However, highly acculturated young HMD males had significantly more prevalence of poor sleep quality compared to NHW (64.8% vs. 49.8%, p Conclusion: The absence of sleep quality differences in a large sample of HMD and NHW living in San Diego County is contrary to current data of having poorer sleep quality among Latinos. We found that neither ethnicity nor acculturation were predictors of poor sleep quality in HMD. However, we demonstrated a highly prevalent poor sleep quality among the two ethnic groups. The finding of significantly lower sleep quality in young highly acculturated HMD men may represent the heterogeneity of ethnicity related to sleep. Programs to improve sleep quality in subjects with depression and/or anxiety, and in young highly-acculturated HMD seems warranted.
文摘Background:Survival from pancreatic cancer is low worldwide.In the US,the 5-year relative survival has been slightly higher for women,whites and younger patients than for their counterparts,and differences in age and stage at diagnosis[Corrections added Nov 16,2022,after first online publication:a new affiliation is added to Maja Nikšić]may contribute to this pattern.We aimed to examine trends in survival by race,stage,age and sex for adults(15-99 years)diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in the US.Methods:This population-based study included 399,427 adults registered with pancreatic cancer in 41 US state cancer registries during 2001-2014,with followup to December 31,2014.We estimated age-specific and age-standardized net survival at 1 and 5 years.Results:Overall,12.3%of patients were blacks,and 84.2%were whites.About 9.5%of patients were diagnosed with localized disease,but 50.5%were diagnosed at an advanced stage;slightly more among blacks,mainly among men.No substantial changes were seen over time(2001-2003,2004-2008,2009-2014).In general,1-year net survival was higher in whites than in blacks(26.1%vs.22.1%during 2001-2003,35.1%vs.31.4%during 2009-2014).This difference was particularly evident among patients with localized disease(49.6%in whites vs.44.6%in blacks during 2001-2003,60.1%vs.55.3%during 2009-2014).The survival gap between blacks and whites with localized disease was persistent at 5 years after diagnosis,and it widened over time(from 24.0%vs.21.3%during 2001-2003 to 39.7%vs.31.0%during 2009-2014).The survival gap was wider among men than among women.Conclusions:Gaps in 1-and 5-year survival between blacks and whites were persistent throughout 2001-2014,especially for patients diagnosed with a localized tumor,for which surgery is currently the only treatment modality with the potential for cure.
文摘Our population-based epidemiological studies demonstrated that the epidemiological aspects of ocular melanomas are different from those in cutaneous melanoma.The incidences of conjunctival melanoma increased in the past decades and was higher in the South(greater sun exposure),which is consistent with the occurrence of cutaneous melanoma.On the contrary,incidences of uveal melanoma are in the opposite direction of cutaneous melanomas.This indicates that solar radiation does not cause an increase of incidences of melanoma in ocular tissues (uveal melanoma) that are not exposed to solar radiation.Solar radiation increases the incidence of melanoma only in tissues exposed to said radiation,such as in conjunctival and eyelid melanomas.Uveal melanoma incidences in lightpigmented individuals are much greater than in dark-pigmented individuals.This result cannot be attributed to a melanin photo-screening effect,and is possibly related to melanin's biophysical and biochemical effects.The difference in incidences between light-and dark-pigmented individuals in conjunctival melanomas,as well as in vulvar and vaginal melanomas,are much lower than that in the uveal and cutaneous melanomas.This difference may be related to the different histological structures in these melanomas;.conjunctival and vaginal melanomas occur in the mucous membrane,whereas cutaneous melanomas occur in the skin.Recent molecular biological studies indicate that each type of melanoma has its own molecular changes which are different from the others.Therefore,independent studies are required for each type of melanoma to discover their own etiology and pathogenesis,and to develop relevant novel prevention and treatment procedures.
文摘This qualitative research aims to investigate the process of how Chinese American women develop their identities while growing up in the United States as daughters of Chinese immigrants.Specifically,the author explores the following questions:How do Chinese American women come to identify themselves as Chinese American,and act this identity in their everyday lives?How does the process of self-identification interact with their interpretations of how they are perceived and recognized?How do they incorporate educational messages from their family and schooling into their own understandings of the social world they live in?How have their understandings of their identity changed along the path with their encountering different social contexts and institutions?Through collecting personal accounts by interviews,the researcher intends to unravel the intersectionality of race,class,gender,and ethnicity,and illustrate how that would affect these Chinese American women's educational experience and life outcomes accordingly.
文摘Background:The number of cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the United States has risen sharply since March 2020.A county health ranking and roadmaps program has been established to identify factors associated with disparity in mobility and mortality of COVID-19 in all counties in the United States.The risk factors associated with county-level mortality of COVID-19 with various levels of prevaIence are not well understood.Methods:Using the data obtained from the County Health Rankings and Roadmaps program,this study applied a negative binomial design to the courtty-level mortality counts of COVID-19 as of August 27,2020 in the United States.In this design,the infected counties were categorized into three levels of infections using clustering analysis based on time-var ying cumulative con firmed cases from March 1 to August 27,2020.COVID-19 patients were not analyzed in dividually but were aggregated at the county-level,where the coun ty-level deaths of COVID-19 con firmed by the local health agencies.Clustering analysis and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used in our statistical analysis.
