In order to incorporate smart elements into distribution networks at ITELCA laboratories in Bogotá-Colombia, a Machine-to-Machine-based solution has been developed. This solution aids in the process of low-cost e...In order to incorporate smart elements into distribution networks at ITELCA laboratories in Bogotá-Colombia, a Machine-to-Machine-based solution has been developed. This solution aids in the process of low-cost electrical fault location, which contributes to improving quality of service, particularly by shortening interruption time spans in mid-voltage grids. The implementation makes use of MQTT protocol with an intensive use of Internet of things (IoT) environment which guarantees the following properties within the automation process: Advanced reports and statistics, remote command execution on one or more units (groups of units), detailed monitoring of remote units and custom alarm mechanism and firmware upgrade on one or more units (groups of units). This kind of implementation is the first one in Colombia and it is able to automatically recover from an N-1 fault.展开更多
In order to incorporate smart elements into distribution networks at ITELCA laboratories in Bogotá-Colombia, a Machine-to-Machine-based solution has been developed. This solution aids in the process of low-cost e...In order to incorporate smart elements into distribution networks at ITELCA laboratories in Bogotá-Colombia, a Machine-to-Machine-based solution has been developed. This solution aids in the process of low-cost electrical fault location, which contributes to improving quality of service, particularly by shortening interruption time spans in mid-voltage grids. The implementation makes use of a GENEKO modem that exploits its digital inputs together with a full coverage of certain required auxiliary services so as to generate proper detection signals whenever failure currents occur;which allows incorporating the latest failure detection technology into the system.展开更多
Pharmaceutical services contribute to the rational use of medicines by ensuring the provision of appropriate, safe and effective pharmacotherapies. Thus, it is important to investigate whether the geographical distrib...Pharmaceutical services contribute to the rational use of medicines by ensuring the provision of appropriate, safe and effective pharmacotherapies. Thus, it is important to investigate whether the geographical distribution of pharmacies causes inequalities in access in countries like Brazil, where there is no federal law regulating the opening of new establishments (in contrast to many European countries). This study analyzed the accessibility of community pharmacies in the city of Sao Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The authors obtained the geographical coordinates of pharmacies and healthfacilities, which scanned and georeferenced the study area. The 40 pharmacies included in the spatial analysis presented a heterogeneous distribution, with the existence of neighborhoods with an accumulation of pharmacies and others with no pharmacies. The authors found that only 43.7% of the study area received pharmaceutical service coverage, when buffer zones of 350 meters are incorporated, and that most of the districts have a minimum distance of 100 meters between health facilities and pharmacies. It was concluded that the use of GIS proved to be very suitable for analysis of pharmaceutical services, enabling knowledge of the local situation and serving as a stimulus for future studies.展开更多
The use of communication networks in control loops has gained increasing attention in recent years due to its advantages and flexible applications. The network quality-of-service （QoS） in those socalled networked co...The use of communication networks in control loops has gained increasing attention in recent years due to its advantages and flexible applications. The network quality-of-service （QoS） in those socalled networked control systems always fluctuates due to changes of the traffic load and available network resources, This paper presents an intelligent scheduling controller design approach for a class of NCSs to handle network QoS variations, The sampling period and control parameters in the controller are simultaneously scheduled to compensate for the network QoS variations. The estimation of distribution algorithm is used to optimize the sampling period and control parameters for better performance. Compared with existing networked control methods, the controller has better ability to compensate for the network QoS variations and to balance network loads. Simulation results show that the plant setting time with the intelligent scheduling controller is reduced by about 64.0% for the medium network load and 49.1% for high network load and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.展开更多
文摘In order to incorporate smart elements into distribution networks at ITELCA laboratories in Bogotá-Colombia, a Machine-to-Machine-based solution has been developed. This solution aids in the process of low-cost electrical fault location, which contributes to improving quality of service, particularly by shortening interruption time spans in mid-voltage grids. The implementation makes use of MQTT protocol with an intensive use of Internet of things (IoT) environment which guarantees the following properties within the automation process: Advanced reports and statistics, remote command execution on one or more units (groups of units), detailed monitoring of remote units and custom alarm mechanism and firmware upgrade on one or more units (groups of units). This kind of implementation is the first one in Colombia and it is able to automatically recover from an N-1 fault.
文摘In order to incorporate smart elements into distribution networks at ITELCA laboratories in Bogotá-Colombia, a Machine-to-Machine-based solution has been developed. This solution aids in the process of low-cost electrical fault location, which contributes to improving quality of service, particularly by shortening interruption time spans in mid-voltage grids. The implementation makes use of a GENEKO modem that exploits its digital inputs together with a full coverage of certain required auxiliary services so as to generate proper detection signals whenever failure currents occur;which allows incorporating the latest failure detection technology into the system.
文摘Pharmaceutical services contribute to the rational use of medicines by ensuring the provision of appropriate, safe and effective pharmacotherapies. Thus, it is important to investigate whether the geographical distribution of pharmacies causes inequalities in access in countries like Brazil, where there is no federal law regulating the opening of new establishments (in contrast to many European countries). This study analyzed the accessibility of community pharmacies in the city of Sao Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The authors obtained the geographical coordinates of pharmacies and healthfacilities, which scanned and georeferenced the study area. The 40 pharmacies included in the spatial analysis presented a heterogeneous distribution, with the existence of neighborhoods with an accumulation of pharmacies and others with no pharmacies. The authors found that only 43.7% of the study area received pharmaceutical service coverage, when buffer zones of 350 meters are incorporated, and that most of the districts have a minimum distance of 100 meters between health facilities and pharmacies. It was concluded that the use of GIS proved to be very suitable for analysis of pharmaceutical services, enabling knowledge of the local situation and serving as a stimulus for future studies.
基金the National Key Basic Research and Development Program (973) of China (No. 2002cb312205)the National Natural Science Foundation for Key Technical Research of China (No. 60334020)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 60574035 and 60674053)
文摘The use of communication networks in control loops has gained increasing attention in recent years due to its advantages and flexible applications. The network quality-of-service （QoS） in those socalled networked control systems always fluctuates due to changes of the traffic load and available network resources, This paper presents an intelligent scheduling controller design approach for a class of NCSs to handle network QoS variations, The sampling period and control parameters in the controller are simultaneously scheduled to compensate for the network QoS variations. The estimation of distribution algorithm is used to optimize the sampling period and control parameters for better performance. Compared with existing networked control methods, the controller has better ability to compensate for the network QoS variations and to balance network loads. Simulation results show that the plant setting time with the intelligent scheduling controller is reduced by about 64.0% for the medium network load and 49.1% for high network load and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
