Indica-japonica hybrid rice(Oryza sativa L.) cultivars showed high yield potential and poor tasting quality when compared with common japonica rice cultivars. Large panicle is a prominent factor of high yield for indi...Indica-japonica hybrid rice(Oryza sativa L.) cultivars showed high yield potential and poor tasting quality when compared with common japonica rice cultivars. Large panicle is a prominent factor of high yield for indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars, and the panicle weight varies greatly among different indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars. It is important to research on yield and grain quality of different panicle weight indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars. In this study, two different panicle types indica-japonica hybrid cultivars were used to research on the relation of yield and grain quality. The yields of two heavy panicle weights indica-japonica hybrid cultivars were significantly higher than that of two medium panicle weight rice cultivars. The cooking and eating quality and starch properties of different panicle type cultivars were evaluated. Yongyou 6715(medium panicle) and Yongyou 1852(heavy panicle) got the relatively higher cooking and eating quality. Rice cultivars with medium panicle weight had more large starch granules and higher relative crystallinity than cultivars with heavy panicle weight. Transition temperature and retrogradation enthalpy(ΔHret) of medium panicle type cultivars were significantly higher than that of heavy panicle type cultivars. There was no significant difference in amylose content among different panicle type cultivars. Protein content of heavy panicle type cultivar was higher than that of medium panicle type cultivar, and protein content is the main factor affect cooking and eating quality in this study. The cultivar Yongyou 6715 got the highest taste value with the lowest protein content. Thus, it is suggested that the emphasis on improving rice cooking and eating quality of indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars is how to reduce the protein content in rice grain. According to the results of this study, medium panicle type with high grain weight is the desired panicle type for high quality indica-japonica hybrid rice breeding.展开更多
鱼类肌肉蛋白的组成与性质决定了其加工特性和产品特性。以牙鲆鱼和多宝鱼为研究对象,用SDS-PAGE分析二者肌肉蛋白的组成形式,采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)、动态流变仪研究二者肌原纤维蛋白的热变特性、流变特性,以及乳化性和起泡性等蛋白...鱼类肌肉蛋白的组成与性质决定了其加工特性和产品特性。以牙鲆鱼和多宝鱼为研究对象,用SDS-PAGE分析二者肌肉蛋白的组成形式,采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)、动态流变仪研究二者肌原纤维蛋白的热变特性、流变特性,以及乳化性和起泡性等蛋白功能特性,并对以上性质进行比较。SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示牙鲆鱼肌浆蛋白在20.1~44.3 k Da间,较多宝鱼肌浆蛋白多两条特异条带,而牙鲆鱼肌原纤维蛋白在97.2~66.4 k Da处较多宝鱼多一条特异条带。DSC研究显示牙鲆鱼肌原纤维蛋白变性温度为39.98℃,高于多宝鱼的37.86℃,流变分析中,牙鲆鱼、多宝鱼肌原纤维蛋白损耗模量G″在30~40℃间均有流变特性转折点。二种鱼类肌原纤维蛋白的功能特性随着蛋白浓度的升高而降低。乳化性结果显示,低浓度时牙鲆鱼肌原纤维蛋白乳化活性高于多宝鱼。起泡性研究显示,低浓度牙鲆鱼肌原纤维蛋白起泡性低于多宝鱼,中与高浓度时高于多宝鱼。同时随着浓度的升高,多宝鱼起泡性趋于稳定。研究结果表明,牙鲆鱼及多宝鱼的蛋白组成二者肌原纤维蛋白流变特性-乳化特性以及起泡性等功能特性均有一定差异。展开更多
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0300503)the National Rice Industry Technology System,China(CARS-01-27)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971841)the Key Research Program of Jiangsu Province,China(BE2016344 and BE2018355)the earmarked fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System,China(JATS[2018]298)the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China。
文摘Indica-japonica hybrid rice(Oryza sativa L.) cultivars showed high yield potential and poor tasting quality when compared with common japonica rice cultivars. Large panicle is a prominent factor of high yield for indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars, and the panicle weight varies greatly among different indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars. It is important to research on yield and grain quality of different panicle weight indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars. In this study, two different panicle types indica-japonica hybrid cultivars were used to research on the relation of yield and grain quality. The yields of two heavy panicle weights indica-japonica hybrid cultivars were significantly higher than that of two medium panicle weight rice cultivars. The cooking and eating quality and starch properties of different panicle type cultivars were evaluated. Yongyou 6715(medium panicle) and Yongyou 1852(heavy panicle) got the relatively higher cooking and eating quality. Rice cultivars with medium panicle weight had more large starch granules and higher relative crystallinity than cultivars with heavy panicle weight. Transition temperature and retrogradation enthalpy(ΔHret) of medium panicle type cultivars were significantly higher than that of heavy panicle type cultivars. There was no significant difference in amylose content among different panicle type cultivars. Protein content of heavy panicle type cultivar was higher than that of medium panicle type cultivar, and protein content is the main factor affect cooking and eating quality in this study. The cultivar Yongyou 6715 got the highest taste value with the lowest protein content. Thus, it is suggested that the emphasis on improving rice cooking and eating quality of indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars is how to reduce the protein content in rice grain. According to the results of this study, medium panicle type with high grain weight is the desired panicle type for high quality indica-japonica hybrid rice breeding.
文摘鱼类肌肉蛋白的组成与性质决定了其加工特性和产品特性。以牙鲆鱼和多宝鱼为研究对象,用SDS-PAGE分析二者肌肉蛋白的组成形式,采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)、动态流变仪研究二者肌原纤维蛋白的热变特性、流变特性,以及乳化性和起泡性等蛋白功能特性,并对以上性质进行比较。SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示牙鲆鱼肌浆蛋白在20.1~44.3 k Da间,较多宝鱼肌浆蛋白多两条特异条带,而牙鲆鱼肌原纤维蛋白在97.2~66.4 k Da处较多宝鱼多一条特异条带。DSC研究显示牙鲆鱼肌原纤维蛋白变性温度为39.98℃,高于多宝鱼的37.86℃,流变分析中,牙鲆鱼、多宝鱼肌原纤维蛋白损耗模量G″在30~40℃间均有流变特性转折点。二种鱼类肌原纤维蛋白的功能特性随着蛋白浓度的升高而降低。乳化性结果显示,低浓度时牙鲆鱼肌原纤维蛋白乳化活性高于多宝鱼。起泡性研究显示,低浓度牙鲆鱼肌原纤维蛋白起泡性低于多宝鱼,中与高浓度时高于多宝鱼。同时随着浓度的升高,多宝鱼起泡性趋于稳定。研究结果表明,牙鲆鱼及多宝鱼的蛋白组成二者肌原纤维蛋白流变特性-乳化特性以及起泡性等功能特性均有一定差异。
