BACKGROUND： Brief exposure to the anesthetic sevoflurane results in delayed neuroprotection, However, few studies have addressed delayed neuroprotection after preconditioning with a single administration of sevoflura...BACKGROUND： Brief exposure to the anesthetic sevoflurane results in delayed neuroprotection, However, few studies have addressed delayed neuroprotection after preconditioning with a single administration of sevoflurane. OBJECTIVE： To explore the relationship between a single preconditioning administration of sevoflurane and reactive oxygen species production and protein kinase C-epsilon （PKC-ε ） translocation. DESIGN, TIME, AND SETTING： The randomized, controlled, animal experiment was conducted at the Central Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China from November 2007 to April 2008. MATERIALS： A total of 120 healthy, male, Sprague Dawley rats were equally and randomly assigned into five groups： sham operation, ischemia/reperfusion, sevoflurane, 2-mercaptopropionylglycine （2-MPG, a selective reactive oxygen species scavenger） ＋ sevoflurane （MPG ＋ sevoflurane）, and MPG. Sevoflurane （Baxter, USA） and MPG （Sigma, USA） were used in this study. METHODS： Intervention consisted of three procedures. （1） MPG injection： a selective reactive oxygen species scavenger, MPG （20 mg/kg）, was infused into the rat caudal vein in the MPG and MPG ＋ sevoflurane groups. （2） Sevoflurane preconditioning： 30 minutes following MPG injection, rats in the sevoflurane and MPG ＋ sevoflurane groups breathed a mixed gas of 2.4% sevoflurane and 97.6% oxygen for 60 minutes. Rats in the sham operation, ischemia/reperfusion, and MPG groups breathed 100% pure oxygen for 60 minutes. （3） IschemiaJreperfusion： 24 hours after sevoflurane or pure oxygen preconditioning, middle cerebral artery occlusion models were established in the ischemia/reperfusion, sevoflurane, MPG ＋ sevoflurane, and MPG groups. Following 2 hours ischemia/6 hours and 24 hours reperfusion, the carotid artery was separated, but the middle cerebral artery was not occluded, in the sham operation group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： In the ischemic hemisphere, PKC-ε translocation in the rat parietal cortex展开更多
目的:探讨大鼠背根神经节持续受压(chronic compression of the dorsal root ganglion,CCD)后,脊髓背角星型胶质细胞的激活情况,以及PKCε是否可以通过调节星型胶质细胞的活性而参与CCD后神经病理性疼痛。方法:将大鼠随机分为6组,每组大...目的:探讨大鼠背根神经节持续受压(chronic compression of the dorsal root ganglion,CCD)后,脊髓背角星型胶质细胞的激活情况,以及PKCε是否可以通过调节星型胶质细胞的活性而参与CCD后神经病理性疼痛。方法:将大鼠随机分为6组,每组大鼠8只:假手术组、CCD7天组、CCD14天组、CCD7天+BIM I组、CCD+DMSO组、CCD+PDBu组,分别通过鞘内注射不同药物,或对正常大鼠鞘注DMSO/PDBu后,测量大鼠机械刺激缩爪阈值(paw withdrawal mechanical threshold,PWMT)的变化,利用Western Blot技术检测脊髓背角PKCε和GFAP蛋白表达的变化,利用免疫荧光技术检测脊髓背角星型胶质细胞激活情况。结果:CCD术后第4天,鞘内注射PKCε的激动剂PDBu 1—4h,明显降低CCD大鼠PWMT(P<0.05),而给予BIM I 1—4h,可升高CCD大鼠PWMT(P<0.05)。从CCD术后第4天起,连续3天鞘注BIM I,可明显缓解大鼠的机械痛敏(4天,P<0.05),但从停止注射后镇痛作用消失(P>0.05)。与假手术组比较,CCD后7天和14天,手术侧背角PKCε和GFAP表达升高,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05),星型胶质细胞激活增加,而注射BIM I可明显抑制PKCε和GFAP表达(P<0.05)和星型胶质细胞激活。PDBu可导致正常大鼠PWMT明显降低(P<0.05),GFAP蛋白质表达量增加(P<0.05),促进星型胶质细胞激活。结论:大鼠背根神经节持续受压后,机械痛阈下降的同时,手术侧脊髓背角内PKCε和GFAP蛋白表达上调,星型胶质细胞激活增加。PKCε可能通过调节星型胶质细胞激活参与CCD后病理性神经痛的中枢敏化机制。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND： Brief exposure to the anesthetic sevoflurane results in delayed neuroprotection, However, few studies have addressed delayed neuroprotection after preconditioning with a single administration of sevoflurane. OBJECTIVE： To explore the relationship between a single preconditioning administration of sevoflurane and reactive oxygen species production and protein kinase C-epsilon （PKC-ε ） translocation. DESIGN, TIME, AND SETTING： The randomized, controlled, animal experiment was conducted at the Central Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China from November 2007 to April 2008. MATERIALS： A total of 120 healthy, male, Sprague Dawley rats were equally and randomly assigned into five groups： sham operation, ischemia/reperfusion, sevoflurane, 2-mercaptopropionylglycine （2-MPG, a selective reactive oxygen species scavenger） ＋ sevoflurane （MPG ＋ sevoflurane）, and MPG. Sevoflurane （Baxter, USA） and MPG （Sigma, USA） were used in this study. METHODS： Intervention consisted of three procedures. （1） MPG injection： a selective reactive oxygen species scavenger, MPG （20 mg/kg）, was infused into the rat caudal vein in the MPG and MPG ＋ sevoflurane groups. （2） Sevoflurane preconditioning： 30 minutes following MPG injection, rats in the sevoflurane and MPG ＋ sevoflurane groups breathed a mixed gas of 2.4% sevoflurane and 97.6% oxygen for 60 minutes. Rats in the sham operation, ischemia/reperfusion, and MPG groups breathed 100% pure oxygen for 60 minutes. （3） IschemiaJreperfusion： 24 hours after sevoflurane or pure oxygen preconditioning, middle cerebral artery occlusion models were established in the ischemia/reperfusion, sevoflurane, MPG ＋ sevoflurane, and MPG groups. Following 2 hours ischemia/6 hours and 24 hours reperfusion, the carotid artery was separated, but the middle cerebral artery was not occluded, in the sham operation group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： In the ischemic hemisphere, PKC-ε translocation in the rat parietal cortex
