为编制拖拉机传动轴在实际作业工况下的载荷谱,针对拖拉机传动轴载荷具有单峰和多峰的特点及参数外推的局限性,运用拇指法(Rule-of-thumb,ROT)确实带宽,提出一种改进的基于核密度估计(Kernel density estimation,KDE)的载荷外推方法。...为编制拖拉机传动轴在实际作业工况下的载荷谱,针对拖拉机传动轴载荷具有单峰和多峰的特点及参数外推的局限性,运用拇指法(Rule-of-thumb,ROT)确实带宽,提出一种改进的基于核密度估计(Kernel density estimation,KDE)的载荷外推方法。通过搭建拖拉机传动轴无线扭矩测试系统并进行田间试验,获得了传动轴犁耕工况下的载荷数据,采用拇指法求得From-To雨流矩阵的最优带宽,并由雨流矩阵计算出核密度估计阈值,对大于阈值的载荷采用基于核密度估计的非参数法进行外推,小于阈值的载荷则按比例外推,最后对外推载荷的合理性进行验证。结果表明:与传统非参数法相比,采用基于核密度估计的外推方法时,运算时间缩短了54.16%;与实测载荷相比,外推后的均值、标准差和最大值的误差分别为2.2%、0.87%和6.3%,拟合度R^(2)和伪损伤比均大于0.99。用此方法对传动轴的其他工况载荷进行外推,同样得到了良好的效果。基于核密度估计的外推方法有助于编制反映拖拉机传动轴实际受载工况的载荷谱,同时为具有相似载荷分布特点的机械零部件载荷外推提供参考。展开更多
Ships use propulsion machinery systems to create directional thrust. Sailing in ice-covered waters involves the breaking of ice pieces and their submergence as the ship hull advances. Sometimes, submerged ice pieces i...Ships use propulsion machinery systems to create directional thrust. Sailing in ice-covered waters involves the breaking of ice pieces and their submergence as the ship hull advances. Sometimes, submerged ice pieces interact with the propeller and cause irregular fluctuations of the torque load. As a result, the propeller and engine dynamics become imbalanced, and energy propagates through the propulsion machinery system until equilibrium is reached. In such imbalanced situations, the measured propeller shaft torque response is not equal to the propeller torque. Therefore, in this work, the overall system response is simulated under the ice-related torque load using the Bond graph model. The energy difference between the propeller and propeller shaft is estimated and related to their corresponding mechanical energy. Additionally, the mechanical energy is distributed among modes. Based on the distribution, kinetic and potential energy are important for the correlation between propeller torque and propeller shaft response.展开更多
以研究螺旋桨水动力和离心力对船舶轴-桨组合振动特性的影响为本文的研究目的,基于W o r kbench平台,采用流固耦合有限元分析方法,进行船舶轴-桨组合模态分析。在CFX中计算螺旋桨敞水性能,并在Ansys中将螺旋桨叶面水压力和离心力作为预...以研究螺旋桨水动力和离心力对船舶轴-桨组合振动特性的影响为本文的研究目的,基于W o r kbench平台,采用流固耦合有限元分析方法,进行船舶轴-桨组合模态分析。在CFX中计算螺旋桨敞水性能,并在Ansys中将螺旋桨叶面水压力和离心力作为预应力分析轴桨组合振动的固有频率和振型,比较轴系、螺旋桨单独模型和轴-桨组合模型在固有频率上的区别。计算结果表明,轴桨组合的固有频率远远低于轴系和螺旋桨独立模型的固有频率;轴-桨旋转产生的离心力对其固有频率影响不大;螺旋桨在流场中产生的水压力略微提高纵向振动固有频率,但影响很小,在实际应用中可以忽略。展开更多
In this paper,we present our analysis of the non-cavitating and cavitating unsteady performances of the Potsdam Propeller Test Case(PPTC)in oblique flow.For our calculations,we used the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes...In this paper,we present our analysis of the non-cavitating and cavitating unsteady performances of the Potsdam Propeller Test Case(PPTC)in oblique flow.For our calculations,we used the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation(RANSE)solver from the open-source OpenFOAM libraries.We selected the homogeneous mixture approach to solve for multiphase flow with phase change,using the volume of fluid(VoF)approach to solve the multiphase flow and modeling the mass transfer between vapor and water with the Schnerr-Sauer model.Comparing the model results with the experimental measurements collected during the SecondWorkshop on Cavitation and Propeller Performance– SMP’15 enabled our assessment of the reliability of the open-source calculations.Comparisons with the numerical data collected during the workshop enabled further analysis of the reliability of different flow solvers from which we produced an overview of recommended guidelines(mesh arrangements and solver setups)for accurate numerical prediction even in off-design conditions.Lastly,we propose a number of calculations using the boundary element method developed at the University of Genoa for assessing the reliability of this dated but still widely adopted approach for design and optimization in the preliminary stages of very demanding test cases.展开更多
文摘为编制拖拉机传动轴在实际作业工况下的载荷谱,针对拖拉机传动轴载荷具有单峰和多峰的特点及参数外推的局限性,运用拇指法(Rule-of-thumb,ROT)确实带宽,提出一种改进的基于核密度估计(Kernel density estimation,KDE)的载荷外推方法。通过搭建拖拉机传动轴无线扭矩测试系统并进行田间试验,获得了传动轴犁耕工况下的载荷数据,采用拇指法求得From-To雨流矩阵的最优带宽,并由雨流矩阵计算出核密度估计阈值,对大于阈值的载荷采用基于核密度估计的非参数法进行外推,小于阈值的载荷则按比例外推,最后对外推载荷的合理性进行验证。结果表明:与传统非参数法相比,采用基于核密度估计的外推方法时,运算时间缩短了54.16%;与实测载荷相比,外推后的均值、标准差和最大值的误差分别为2.2%、0.87%和6.3%,拟合度R^(2)和伪损伤比均大于0.99。用此方法对传动轴的其他工况载荷进行外推,同样得到了良好的效果。基于核密度估计的外推方法有助于编制反映拖拉机传动轴实际受载工况的载荷谱,同时为具有相似载荷分布特点的机械零部件载荷外推提供参考。
基金Funded Through the Norwegian Research Council Project No.194529
文摘Ships use propulsion machinery systems to create directional thrust. Sailing in ice-covered waters involves the breaking of ice pieces and their submergence as the ship hull advances. Sometimes, submerged ice pieces interact with the propeller and cause irregular fluctuations of the torque load. As a result, the propeller and engine dynamics become imbalanced, and energy propagates through the propulsion machinery system until equilibrium is reached. In such imbalanced situations, the measured propeller shaft torque response is not equal to the propeller torque. Therefore, in this work, the overall system response is simulated under the ice-related torque load using the Bond graph model. The energy difference between the propeller and propeller shaft is estimated and related to their corresponding mechanical energy. Additionally, the mechanical energy is distributed among modes. Based on the distribution, kinetic and potential energy are important for the correlation between propeller torque and propeller shaft response.
文摘以研究螺旋桨水动力和离心力对船舶轴-桨组合振动特性的影响为本文的研究目的,基于W o r kbench平台,采用流固耦合有限元分析方法,进行船舶轴-桨组合模态分析。在CFX中计算螺旋桨敞水性能,并在Ansys中将螺旋桨叶面水压力和离心力作为预应力分析轴桨组合振动的固有频率和振型,比较轴系、螺旋桨单独模型和轴-桨组合模型在固有频率上的区别。计算结果表明,轴桨组合的固有频率远远低于轴系和螺旋桨独立模型的固有频率;轴-桨旋转产生的离心力对其固有频率影响不大;螺旋桨在流场中产生的水压力略微提高纵向振动固有频率,但影响很小,在实际应用中可以忽略。
文摘In this paper,we present our analysis of the non-cavitating and cavitating unsteady performances of the Potsdam Propeller Test Case(PPTC)in oblique flow.For our calculations,we used the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation(RANSE)solver from the open-source OpenFOAM libraries.We selected the homogeneous mixture approach to solve for multiphase flow with phase change,using the volume of fluid(VoF)approach to solve the multiphase flow and modeling the mass transfer between vapor and water with the Schnerr-Sauer model.Comparing the model results with the experimental measurements collected during the SecondWorkshop on Cavitation and Propeller Performance– SMP’15 enabled our assessment of the reliability of the open-source calculations.Comparisons with the numerical data collected during the workshop enabled further analysis of the reliability of different flow solvers from which we produced an overview of recommended guidelines(mesh arrangements and solver setups)for accurate numerical prediction even in off-design conditions.Lastly,we propose a number of calculations using the boundary element method developed at the University of Genoa for assessing the reliability of this dated but still widely adopted approach for design and optimization in the preliminary stages of very demanding test cases.
