Imaging studies are a major component in the evaluation of patients for the screening,staging and surveillance of colorectal cancer.This review presents commonly encountered findings in the diagnosis and staging of pa...Imaging studies are a major component in the evaluation of patients for the screening,staging and surveillance of colorectal cancer.This review presents commonly encountered findings in the diagnosis and staging of patients with colorectal cancer using computed tomography(CT)colonography,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and positron emission tomography(PET)/CT colonography.CT colonography provides important information for the preoperative assessment of T staging.Wall deformities are associated with muscular or subserosal invasion.Lymph node metastases from colorectal cancer often present with calcifications.CT is superior to detect calcified metastases.Three-dimensional CT to image the vascular anatomy facilitates laparoscopic surgery.T staging of rectal cancer by MRI is an established modality because MRI can diagnose rectal wall laminar structure.N staging in patients with colorectal cancer is still challenging using any imaging modality.MRI is more accurate than CT for the evaluation of liver metastases.PET/CT colonography isvaluable in the evaluation of extra-colonic and hepatic disease.PET/CT colonography is useful for obstructing colorectal cancers that cannot be traversed colonoscopically.PET/CT colonography is able to localize synchronous colon cancers proximal to the obstruction precisely.However,there is no definite evidence to support the routine clinical use of PET/CT colonography.展开更多
Background:Acupuncture therapy has shown promise for effectively relieving preoperative anxiety.Nevertheless,previous findings from randomized controlled trials(RCTs)are inconsistent and must be examined in detail.Obj...Background:Acupuncture therapy has shown promise for effectively relieving preoperative anxiety.Nevertheless,previous findings from randomized controlled trials(RCTs)are inconsistent and must be examined in detail.Objective:This study systematically evaluates the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for preoperative anxiety as well as the quality of evidence supporting this application.Search strategy:The China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Wanfang Data Journal Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Chongqing VIP,Embase,Pub Med and Cochrane Library Databases were queried from their inception to 19,February 2020,using keywords such as“acupuncture therapy,”“preoperative”and“anxioty.”Manual searches expanded the search breadth and included conference abstracts and other reference lists.Inclusion criteria:RCTs were included in the current study if they contained a comparison between a group of anxiety patients that received acupuncture therapy and a control group that received sham acupuncture.Data extraction and analysis:Literature was reviewed,and various articles were selected using the Note Express 3.2.0 software.Two researchers independently screened and extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies.The Rev Man 5.3 software was used for data aggregation and the Grades of Recommendation,Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)assessment was used to evaluate the quality of the study outcomes.Results:Twelve studies were included in the review,containing a total of 916 patients.Meta-analysis showed that,compared with the control group,patients who received acupuncture therapy had reduced State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale(STAI-S)score(mean difference[MD]=–9.07,95%confidence interval[CI][–13.19 to–4.96],P<0.0001)and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score(MD=–1.37,95%CI[–2.29 to–0.45],P=0.003).However,for the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)score,there was no difference between the two groups(MD=–3.98,95%CI[–12.89 to 4.92],P=0.38).Further,the GR展开更多
美国麻醉医师协会全身状态(American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status,ASA-PS)分级系统作为术前评估工具被广泛应用于成年人,但是否适用于小儿仍存在疑问。文章回顾了ASA-PS分级系统的历史沿革及其在成年人中的应用情况,...美国麻醉医师协会全身状态(American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status,ASA-PS)分级系统作为术前评估工具被广泛应用于成年人,但是否适用于小儿仍存在疑问。文章回顾了ASA-PS分级系统的历史沿革及其在成年人中的应用情况,介绍了ASA-PS分级系统在儿科应用中信度的研究,并分析其在儿科应用中信度不高的原因,还介绍了ASA-PS分级系统以外适用于儿科的术前风险评估系统。希望未来能建立针对儿科的术前评估系统或者对现有ASA-PS分级系统进行修订以适应儿科需要。展开更多
目的分析目前版本的华西肠癌数据库(Database from Colorectal Cancer,DACCA)中,华西医院作为区域性医疗中心所服务的结直肠癌患者的术前专科检查与评估情况。方法本次数据分析选取的DACCA版本为2019年7月25日更新版,其中数据项目包括:...目的分析目前版本的华西肠癌数据库(Database from Colorectal Cancer,DACCA)中,华西医院作为区域性医疗中心所服务的结直肠癌患者的术前专科检查与评估情况。方法本次数据分析选取的DACCA版本为2019年7月25日更新版,其中数据项目包括:术前分期、术前分期契合度、术前诊断强度、肠镜准确性、活检肿瘤性质结果、活检肿瘤分化程度、胸部CT完成情况、CT总分期、CT总分期评估准确性、腔内超声结果、肝脏超声结果、MRI总分期、MRI总分期评估准确性、PET-CT结果、骨扫描结果、临床初诊诊断方式及误诊误治,分别对各选取的数据项目作特征分析。结果按照条件筛选DACCA数据库,获得4484条可分析数据行。术前CT检查准确度、术前CT评价分期、术前MRI检查准确度、术前MRI评价分期、术前直肠超声准确度、术前肝脏超声准确度、术前骨扫描准确度、术前PET-CT准确度、术前肠镜、肠镜活检病理类型、诊断的依据强度、术前的综合分期、术前综合分期与最终病理分期契合度、首诊临床因素及误诊误治的有效数据行分别为3877(86.5%)、3166(70.6%)、3480(77.6%)、286(6.4%)、3607(80.4%)、2736(61.0%)、3570(79.6%)、3490(77.8%)、3847(85.8%)、3636(81.1%)、3981(88.8%)、2346(52.3%)、2209(49.3%)、3466(77.3%)和3411条(76.1%)。术前CT分期的判断中,Ⅳ期判断准确度最高(86.6%),Ⅰ期判断低估率最高(30.4%),Ⅲ期判断高估率最高(21.8%);术前CT判断准确度,除去数据行过少带来的误差,其他年份的准确率为66.8%~83.7%。术前MRI分期的判断中,Ⅳ期判断准确度最高(89.1%),Ⅰ期判断低估率最高(33.3%),Ⅲ期判断高估率最高(13.3%);2016~2019年术前MRI评估准确度出现逐渐升高的趋势。经直肠腔内超声、肝脏超声、骨扫描和PETCT评估准确条数分别为287(76.7%)、145(99.3%)、301(98.7%)和15条(93.8%)。肠镜下病理类型最多为“腺癌”,占82.2%;最低为间质瘤和淋展开更多
文摘Imaging studies are a major component in the evaluation of patients for the screening,staging and surveillance of colorectal cancer.This review presents commonly encountered findings in the diagnosis and staging of patients with colorectal cancer using computed tomography(CT)colonography,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and positron emission tomography(PET)/CT colonography.CT colonography provides important information for the preoperative assessment of T staging.Wall deformities are associated with muscular or subserosal invasion.Lymph node metastases from colorectal cancer often present with calcifications.CT is superior to detect calcified metastases.Three-dimensional CT to image the vascular anatomy facilitates laparoscopic surgery.T staging of rectal cancer by MRI is an established modality because MRI can diagnose rectal wall laminar structure.N staging in patients with colorectal cancer is still challenging using any imaging modality.MRI is more accurate than CT for the evaluation of liver metastases.PET/CT colonography isvaluable in the evaluation of extra-colonic and hepatic disease.PET/CT colonography is useful for obstructing colorectal cancers that cannot be traversed colonoscopically.PET/CT colonography is able to localize synchronous colon cancers proximal to the obstruction precisely.However,there is no definite evidence to support the routine clinical use of PET/CT colonography.
基金funded by grants from Shanghai Threeyear Action Plan for Further Development of Chinese Medicine ZY(2018–2020)-CCCX-1005the Planned Science Program of the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2019LK089)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China(No.18401970601)。
文摘Background:Acupuncture therapy has shown promise for effectively relieving preoperative anxiety.Nevertheless,previous findings from randomized controlled trials(RCTs)are inconsistent and must be examined in detail.Objective:This study systematically evaluates the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for preoperative anxiety as well as the quality of evidence supporting this application.Search strategy:The China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Wanfang Data Journal Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Chongqing VIP,Embase,Pub Med and Cochrane Library Databases were queried from their inception to 19,February 2020,using keywords such as“acupuncture therapy,”“preoperative”and“anxioty.”Manual searches expanded the search breadth and included conference abstracts and other reference lists.Inclusion criteria:RCTs were included in the current study if they contained a comparison between a group of anxiety patients that received acupuncture therapy and a control group that received sham acupuncture.Data extraction and analysis:Literature was reviewed,and various articles were selected using the Note Express 3.2.0 software.Two researchers independently screened and extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies.The Rev Man 5.3 software was used for data aggregation and the Grades of Recommendation,Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)assessment was used to evaluate the quality of the study outcomes.Results:Twelve studies were included in the review,containing a total of 916 patients.Meta-analysis showed that,compared with the control group,patients who received acupuncture therapy had reduced State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale(STAI-S)score(mean difference[MD]=–9.07,95%confidence interval[CI][–13.19 to–4.96],P<0.0001)and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score(MD=–1.37,95%CI[–2.29 to–0.45],P=0.003).However,for the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)score,there was no difference between the two groups(MD=–3.98,95%CI[–12.89 to 4.92],P=0.38).Further,the GR
文摘美国麻醉医师协会全身状态(American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status,ASA-PS)分级系统作为术前评估工具被广泛应用于成年人,但是否适用于小儿仍存在疑问。文章回顾了ASA-PS分级系统的历史沿革及其在成年人中的应用情况,介绍了ASA-PS分级系统在儿科应用中信度的研究,并分析其在儿科应用中信度不高的原因,还介绍了ASA-PS分级系统以外适用于儿科的术前风险评估系统。希望未来能建立针对儿科的术前评估系统或者对现有ASA-PS分级系统进行修订以适应儿科需要。
文摘目的分析目前版本的华西肠癌数据库(Database from Colorectal Cancer,DACCA)中,华西医院作为区域性医疗中心所服务的结直肠癌患者的术前专科检查与评估情况。方法本次数据分析选取的DACCA版本为2019年7月25日更新版,其中数据项目包括:术前分期、术前分期契合度、术前诊断强度、肠镜准确性、活检肿瘤性质结果、活检肿瘤分化程度、胸部CT完成情况、CT总分期、CT总分期评估准确性、腔内超声结果、肝脏超声结果、MRI总分期、MRI总分期评估准确性、PET-CT结果、骨扫描结果、临床初诊诊断方式及误诊误治,分别对各选取的数据项目作特征分析。结果按照条件筛选DACCA数据库,获得4484条可分析数据行。术前CT检查准确度、术前CT评价分期、术前MRI检查准确度、术前MRI评价分期、术前直肠超声准确度、术前肝脏超声准确度、术前骨扫描准确度、术前PET-CT准确度、术前肠镜、肠镜活检病理类型、诊断的依据强度、术前的综合分期、术前综合分期与最终病理分期契合度、首诊临床因素及误诊误治的有效数据行分别为3877(86.5%)、3166(70.6%)、3480(77.6%)、286(6.4%)、3607(80.4%)、2736(61.0%)、3570(79.6%)、3490(77.8%)、3847(85.8%)、3636(81.1%)、3981(88.8%)、2346(52.3%)、2209(49.3%)、3466(77.3%)和3411条(76.1%)。术前CT分期的判断中,Ⅳ期判断准确度最高(86.6%),Ⅰ期判断低估率最高(30.4%),Ⅲ期判断高估率最高(21.8%);术前CT判断准确度,除去数据行过少带来的误差,其他年份的准确率为66.8%~83.7%。术前MRI分期的判断中,Ⅳ期判断准确度最高(89.1%),Ⅰ期判断低估率最高(33.3%),Ⅲ期判断高估率最高(13.3%);2016~2019年术前MRI评估准确度出现逐渐升高的趋势。经直肠腔内超声、肝脏超声、骨扫描和PETCT评估准确条数分别为287(76.7%)、145(99.3%)、301(98.7%)和15条(93.8%)。肠镜下病理类型最多为“腺癌”,占82.2%;最低为间质瘤和淋
