Concentrations of Iron (Fe), As, and Cu in soil samples from the fields near the Baoshan Mine in Hunan Province, China, were analyzed and soil spectral reflectance was measured with an ASD FieldSpec FR spectroradiomet...Concentrations of Iron (Fe), As, and Cu in soil samples from the fields near the Baoshan Mine in Hunan Province, China, were analyzed and soil spectral reflectance was measured with an ASD FieldSpec FR spectroradiometer (Analytical Spectral Devices, Inc., USA) under laboratory condition. Partial least square regression (PLSR) models were constructed for predicting soil metal concentrations. The data pre-processing methods, first and second derivatives (FD and SD), baseline correction (BC), standard normal variate (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), and continuum removal (CR), were used for the spectral reflectance data pretreatments. Then, the prediction results were evaluated by relative root mean square error (RRMSE) and coefficients of determination (R 2 ). According to the criteria of minimal RRMSE and maximal R 2 , the PLSR models with the FD pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.24, R 2 = 0.61), SNV pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.08, R 2 = 0.78), and BC-pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.20, R 2 = 0.41) were considered as the final models for predicting As, Fe, and Cu, respectively. Wavebands at around 460, 1 400, 1 900, and 2 200 nm were selected as important spectral variables to construct final models. In conclusion, concentrations of heavy metals in contaminated soils could be indirectly assessed by soil spectra according to the correlation between the spectrally featureless components and Fe; therefore, spectral reflectance would be an alternative tool for monitoring soil heavy metals contamination.展开更多
GOCE（gravity field and steady—state ocean circulation explorer）计划的主要科学目标是以70km空间分辨率、1mGal重力异常和1～2cm大地水准面的精度测定全球静态地球重力场，卫星重力梯度测量数据的预处理是实现这一预期科学目标...GOCE（gravity field and steady—state ocean circulation explorer）计划的主要科学目标是以70km空间分辨率、1mGal重力异常和1～2cm大地水准面的精度测定全球静态地球重力场，卫星重力梯度测量数据的预处理是实现这一预期科学目标的重要任务之一。讨论了重力梯度测量数据的预处理方案、时变重力场信号改正、粗差探测和外部校准方法，为进一步开展GOCE卫星重力梯度测量数据的预处理研究提供参考和具体建议。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40571130)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, China (No. 07ZR14032)
文摘Concentrations of Iron (Fe), As, and Cu in soil samples from the fields near the Baoshan Mine in Hunan Province, China, were analyzed and soil spectral reflectance was measured with an ASD FieldSpec FR spectroradiometer (Analytical Spectral Devices, Inc., USA) under laboratory condition. Partial least square regression (PLSR) models were constructed for predicting soil metal concentrations. The data pre-processing methods, first and second derivatives (FD and SD), baseline correction (BC), standard normal variate (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), and continuum removal (CR), were used for the spectral reflectance data pretreatments. Then, the prediction results were evaluated by relative root mean square error (RRMSE) and coefficients of determination (R 2 ). According to the criteria of minimal RRMSE and maximal R 2 , the PLSR models with the FD pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.24, R 2 = 0.61), SNV pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.08, R 2 = 0.78), and BC-pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.20, R 2 = 0.41) were considered as the final models for predicting As, Fe, and Cu, respectively. Wavebands at around 460, 1 400, 1 900, and 2 200 nm were selected as important spectral variables to construct final models. In conclusion, concentrations of heavy metals in contaminated soils could be indirectly assessed by soil spectra according to the correlation between the spectrally featureless components and Fe; therefore, spectral reflectance would be an alternative tool for monitoring soil heavy metals contamination.
文摘GOCE（gravity field and steady—state ocean circulation explorer）计划的主要科学目标是以70km空间分辨率、1mGal重力异常和1～2cm大地水准面的精度测定全球静态地球重力场，卫星重力梯度测量数据的预处理是实现这一预期科学目标的重要任务之一。讨论了重力梯度测量数据的预处理方案、时变重力场信号改正、粗差探测和外部校准方法，为进一步开展GOCE卫星重力梯度测量数据的预处理研究提供参考和具体建议。
