Polymer nanocomposites have been investigated for about three decades. To get deep insights into the modifying effects of various nanofillers on mechanical and physical properties of polymer nanocomposites, the three ...Polymer nanocomposites have been investigated for about three decades. To get deep insights into the modifying effects of various nanofillers on mechanical and physical properties of polymer nanocomposites, the three basic aspects of processing, characterization and properties are critically reviewed in this paper. Nanofillers can be classified into three major types of two-dimensional (2D) layered, one-dimensional (1D) fibrous and zerodimensional (0D) spherical ones and this review thus discusses in detail the processing, characterization and properties of the three types of polymer nanocomposites. It starts with an introduction of various nanoscale fillers such as two-dimensional (2D) nano-clay, graphene and MXene, one dimensional (1D) carbon nanofibers and nanotubes, zero dimensional (0D) silica nanoparticles and ZnO quantum dots as well as nanofiller-polymer interfaces. The processing of these polymer nanocomposites using different methods and the characterization of nanofillers and polymer nanocomposites using various techniques are described. Finally, the mechanical and physical properties of these polymer nanocomposites are discussed by considering the effects of nanofiller type, dispersion and contents;also, interface properties show significant effects on the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites and are discussed in some details.展开更多
Surface of TiO2 nanoparticles was modified with the in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline. Polyaniline modified TiO2 nanoparticles （PANI-TiO2） were characterized with the FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TEM techn...Surface of TiO2 nanoparticles was modified with the in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline. Polyaniline modified TiO2 nanoparticles （PANI-TiO2） were characterized with the FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TEM techniques. Results confirmed that PANI was grafted successfully on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles, therefore agglomeration of nanoparticles decreased dramatically. Polyvinyl chloride nanocomposites filled with 1 wt%-5 wt% of PANI-TiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared via the solution blending method. PVC nanocomposites were analyzed with FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TG/DTA, DSC and tensile test techniques. Effect of PANI as surface modifier of nanoparticles was discussed according to the final properties of PVC nanocomposites. Results demonstrated that deposition of PANI on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles improved the interfacial adhesion between the constituents of nanocomposites, which resulted in better dispersion of nanoparticles in the PVC matrix. Also PVC/PANI-TiO2 nanocomposites showed higher thennal resistance, tensile strength and Young＇s modulus compared to those of unfilled PVC and PVC/TiO2 nanocomposites.展开更多
利用多尺度建模方法构建了聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒复合物模型,通过分子动力学模拟研究了不同尺寸钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒(5.5,8.0,9.4,10.5,11.5)对复合材料的结构、弹性模量和相互作用能的影响规律,并通过计算纳米颗粒表面原子键能和单...利用多尺度建模方法构建了聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒复合物模型,通过分子动力学模拟研究了不同尺寸钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒(5.5,8.0,9.4,10.5,11.5)对复合材料的结构、弹性模量和相互作用能的影响规律,并通过计算纳米颗粒表面原子键能和单位表面积原子数目探究了复合物机械性能提高的内部机理.聚酰亚胺和聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾复合材料的杨氏模量分别为2.91和3.17 GPa,泊松比分别为0.37和0.35,钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒的引入可以显著改善聚酰亚胺的机械性能.纳米颗粒表面原子的键能为8.62—54.37 k J·mol-1,表明颗粒与基体主要通过范德华力作用结合且有氢键存在.计算结果表明,相同掺杂比例下,纳米颗粒尺寸越小,纳米颗粒表面原子数目越大,颗粒与基体作用更强,杨氏模量的提高幅度越大,尺寸效应越显著.因此,掺杂小尺寸纳米颗粒是提高聚酰亚胺机械性能的有效途径.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51573200, 11872132 and U183720015) for financial support
文摘Polymer nanocomposites have been investigated for about three decades. To get deep insights into the modifying effects of various nanofillers on mechanical and physical properties of polymer nanocomposites, the three basic aspects of processing, characterization and properties are critically reviewed in this paper. Nanofillers can be classified into three major types of two-dimensional (2D) layered, one-dimensional (1D) fibrous and zerodimensional (0D) spherical ones and this review thus discusses in detail the processing, characterization and properties of the three types of polymer nanocomposites. It starts with an introduction of various nanoscale fillers such as two-dimensional (2D) nano-clay, graphene and MXene, one dimensional (1D) carbon nanofibers and nanotubes, zero dimensional (0D) silica nanoparticles and ZnO quantum dots as well as nanofiller-polymer interfaces. The processing of these polymer nanocomposites using different methods and the characterization of nanofillers and polymer nanocomposites using various techniques are described. Finally, the mechanical and physical properties of these polymer nanocomposites are discussed by considering the effects of nanofiller type, dispersion and contents;also, interface properties show significant effects on the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites and are discussed in some details.
基金financially supported by the University of Tabriz
文摘Surface of TiO2 nanoparticles was modified with the in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline. Polyaniline modified TiO2 nanoparticles （PANI-TiO2） were characterized with the FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TEM techniques. Results confirmed that PANI was grafted successfully on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles, therefore agglomeration of nanoparticles decreased dramatically. Polyvinyl chloride nanocomposites filled with 1 wt%-5 wt% of PANI-TiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared via the solution blending method. PVC nanocomposites were analyzed with FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TG/DTA, DSC and tensile test techniques. Effect of PANI as surface modifier of nanoparticles was discussed according to the final properties of PVC nanocomposites. Results demonstrated that deposition of PANI on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles improved the interfacial adhesion between the constituents of nanocomposites, which resulted in better dispersion of nanoparticles in the PVC matrix. Also PVC/PANI-TiO2 nanocomposites showed higher thennal resistance, tensile strength and Young＇s modulus compared to those of unfilled PVC and PVC/TiO2 nanocomposites.
文摘利用多尺度建模方法构建了聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒复合物模型,通过分子动力学模拟研究了不同尺寸钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒(5.5,8.0,9.4,10.5,11.5)对复合材料的结构、弹性模量和相互作用能的影响规律,并通过计算纳米颗粒表面原子键能和单位表面积原子数目探究了复合物机械性能提高的内部机理.聚酰亚胺和聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾复合材料的杨氏模量分别为2.91和3.17 GPa,泊松比分别为0.37和0.35,钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒的引入可以显著改善聚酰亚胺的机械性能.纳米颗粒表面原子的键能为8.62—54.37 k J·mol-1,表明颗粒与基体主要通过范德华力作用结合且有氢键存在.计算结果表明,相同掺杂比例下,纳米颗粒尺寸越小,纳米颗粒表面原子数目越大,颗粒与基体作用更强,杨氏模量的提高幅度越大,尺寸效应越显著.因此,掺杂小尺寸纳米颗粒是提高聚酰亚胺机械性能的有效途径.
