The majority of proximal humerus fractures are lowenergy osteoporotic injuries in the elderly and their incidence is increasing in the light of an ageing population. The diversity of fracture patterns encountered rend...The majority of proximal humerus fractures are lowenergy osteoporotic injuries in the elderly and their incidence is increasing in the light of an ageing population. The diversity of fracture patterns encountered renders objective classification of prognostic value challenging. Non-operative management has been associated with good functional outcomes in stable, minimally displaced and certain types of displaced fractures.Absolute indications for surgery are infrequent and comprise compound, pathological, multi-fragmentary head-splitting fractures and fracture dislocations, as well as those associated with neurovascular injury. A constantly expanding range of reconstructive and replacement options however has been extending the indications for surgical management of complex proximal humerus fractures. As a result, management decisions are becoming increasingly complicated, in an attempt to provide the best possible treatment for each indi-vidual patient, that will successfully address their specific fracture configuration, comorbidities and functional expectations. Our aim was to review the management options available for the full range of proximal humerus fractures in adults, along with their specific advantages, disadvantages and outcomes.展开更多
Emoticons have been widely employed to express different types of moods, emotions, and feelings in microblog environments. They are therefore regarded as one of the most important signals for microblog sentiment analy...Emoticons have been widely employed to express different types of moods, emotions, and feelings in microblog environments. They are therefore regarded as one of the most important signals for microblog sentiment analysis. Most existing studies use several emoticons that convey clear emotional meanings as noisy sentiment labels or similar sentiment indicators. However, in practical microblog environments, tens or even hundreds of emoticons are frequently adopted and all emoticons have their own unique emotional meanings. Besides, a considerable number of emoticons do not have clear emotional meanings. An improved sentiment analysis model should not overlook these phenomena. Instead of manually assigning sentiment labels to several emoticons that convey relatively clear meanings, we propose the emoticon space model （ESM） that leverages more emotieons to construct word representations from a massive amount of unlabeled data. By projecting words and microblog posts into an emoticon space, the proposed model helps identify subjectivity, polarity, and emotion in microblog environments. The experimental results for a public microblog benchmark corpus （NLP＆CC 2013） indicate that ESM effectively leverages emoticon signals best runs. and outperforms previous state-of-the-art strategies and benchmark展开更多
Objective：To investigate the antiproliferative and anti-metastasis effect of Xihuang Pill（西黄丸,XP） on human colorectal cancer cell and to explore the molecular mechanism by which it produces the effects.Methods：...Objective：To investigate the antiproliferative and anti-metastasis effect of Xihuang Pill（西黄丸,XP） on human colorectal cancer cell and to explore the molecular mechanism by which it produces the effects.Methods：Highly metastatic human colorectal cancer cell line LoVo was treated with low-,medium-,and highdose XP-containing serum（XP-L,XP-M,XP-H） groups for 48 h,cells intervened with no drug rat serum and PD98059[extracellular signal-regulated kinase（ERK） inhibitor]as negative and positive controls（NC and PC）groups.Cell proliferation assay was made using cell counting kit-8（CCK8）.The 8 μm pore-size transwell chamber and 4＇,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole（DAPI） staining were applied to examine the ability of invasion and migration of the cells.The protein expression of ERK1/2,zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1（ZEB1）,Scrib and lethal giant larvae homolog 2（Lgl2） was detected by Western blotting while the relative mRNA quantity of E-cadherin,N-cadherin,Occludin and junctional adhesion molecule-1（JAM1） was measured by realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction（RT-qPCR）.Results：XP induced a dose-dependent suppression on the proliferation of LoVo cells（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）,with the inhibition rates varied from 27.30%to31.08%.Transwell assay showed that when preprocessed with PD98059 and XP-containing serum,the number of cells that passed the filter decreased significantly compared with that of NC group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.Moreover,XP inhibited the protein expression of ERK1/2 and ZEB1（P〈0.05）;and up-regulated the protein expression of Scrib and Lgl2（P〈0.05）.The mRNA levels of E-cadherin,Occludin and JAM1 of the XP intervened groups and PC group markedly ascended（P〈0.05） while that of N-cadherin showed a descending tendency（P〉0.05）.Conclusion：XP intervention suppressed the ability of proliferation,invasion and migration of the LoVo cells.Regulating ZEB1-SCRIB Loop so as to recover epithelial phenotype and apical juncti展开更多
The three-dimensional spatial and temporal development of impulsive VHF radiation events during lightning discharges has been analyzed based on the data measured by the lightning mapping array (LMA) system with high s...The three-dimensional spatial and temporal development of impulsive VHF radiation events during lightning discharges has been analyzed based on the data measured by the lightning mapping array (LMA) system with high space and time resolution. The results indicate that intracloud discharges in the thunderstorm with a normal tripole charge structure occur not only between the upper positive and middle main negative charge region, but also with inverted polarity between the lower positive and middle main negative charge region. The polarity-inverted discharge originates from the middle negative charge and propagates downward to the lower positive region, where then the discharge develops horizontally. The characteristics of the discharge are similar to that of normal intracloud discharge except the polarity opposite. The results further confirmed the existence of the lower positive charge region involved in the lightning discharge. It was also found that the inverted charge structure opposite to the展开更多
文摘The majority of proximal humerus fractures are lowenergy osteoporotic injuries in the elderly and their incidence is increasing in the light of an ageing population. The diversity of fracture patterns encountered renders objective classification of prognostic value challenging. Non-operative management has been associated with good functional outcomes in stable, minimally displaced and certain types of displaced fractures.Absolute indications for surgery are infrequent and comprise compound, pathological, multi-fragmentary head-splitting fractures and fracture dislocations, as well as those associated with neurovascular injury. A constantly expanding range of reconstructive and replacement options however has been extending the indications for surgical management of complex proximal humerus fractures. As a result, management decisions are becoming increasingly complicated, in an attempt to provide the best possible treatment for each indi-vidual patient, that will successfully address their specific fracture configuration, comorbidities and functional expectations. Our aim was to review the management options available for the full range of proximal humerus fractures in adults, along with their specific advantages, disadvantages and outcomes.
基金Tsinghua-Samsung Joint Laboratory, the National Basic Research 973 Program of China under Grant No. 2015CB358700, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61472206, 61073071, and 61303075.
文摘Emoticons have been widely employed to express different types of moods, emotions, and feelings in microblog environments. They are therefore regarded as one of the most important signals for microblog sentiment analysis. Most existing studies use several emoticons that convey clear emotional meanings as noisy sentiment labels or similar sentiment indicators. However, in practical microblog environments, tens or even hundreds of emoticons are frequently adopted and all emoticons have their own unique emotional meanings. Besides, a considerable number of emoticons do not have clear emotional meanings. An improved sentiment analysis model should not overlook these phenomena. Instead of manually assigning sentiment labels to several emoticons that convey relatively clear meanings, we propose the emoticon space model （ESM） that leverages more emotieons to construct word representations from a massive amount of unlabeled data. By projecting words and microblog posts into an emoticon space, the proposed model helps identify subjectivity, polarity, and emotion in microblog environments. The experimental results for a public microblog benchmark corpus （NLP＆CC 2013） indicate that ESM effectively leverages emoticon signals best runs. and outperforms previous state-of-the-art strategies and benchmark
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81273636)
文摘Objective：To investigate the antiproliferative and anti-metastasis effect of Xihuang Pill（西黄丸,XP） on human colorectal cancer cell and to explore the molecular mechanism by which it produces the effects.Methods：Highly metastatic human colorectal cancer cell line LoVo was treated with low-,medium-,and highdose XP-containing serum（XP-L,XP-M,XP-H） groups for 48 h,cells intervened with no drug rat serum and PD98059[extracellular signal-regulated kinase（ERK） inhibitor]as negative and positive controls（NC and PC）groups.Cell proliferation assay was made using cell counting kit-8（CCK8）.The 8 μm pore-size transwell chamber and 4＇,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole（DAPI） staining were applied to examine the ability of invasion and migration of the cells.The protein expression of ERK1/2,zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1（ZEB1）,Scrib and lethal giant larvae homolog 2（Lgl2） was detected by Western blotting while the relative mRNA quantity of E-cadherin,N-cadherin,Occludin and junctional adhesion molecule-1（JAM1） was measured by realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction（RT-qPCR）.Results：XP induced a dose-dependent suppression on the proliferation of LoVo cells（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）,with the inhibition rates varied from 27.30%to31.08%.Transwell assay showed that when preprocessed with PD98059 and XP-containing serum,the number of cells that passed the filter decreased significantly compared with that of NC group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.Moreover,XP inhibited the protein expression of ERK1/2 and ZEB1（P〈0.05）;and up-regulated the protein expression of Scrib and Lgl2（P〈0.05）.The mRNA levels of E-cadherin,Occludin and JAM1 of the XP intervened groups and PC group markedly ascended（P〈0.05） while that of N-cadherin showed a descending tendency（P〉0.05）.Conclusion：XP intervention suppressed the ability of proliferation,invasion and migration of the LoVo cells.Regulating ZEB1-SCRIB Loop so as to recover epithelial phenotype and apical juncti
基金This work was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-201) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49975003)the Key Project (Grant No. 40135010).
文摘The three-dimensional spatial and temporal development of impulsive VHF radiation events during lightning discharges has been analyzed based on the data measured by the lightning mapping array (LMA) system with high space and time resolution. The results indicate that intracloud discharges in the thunderstorm with a normal tripole charge structure occur not only between the upper positive and middle main negative charge region, but also with inverted polarity between the lower positive and middle main negative charge region. The polarity-inverted discharge originates from the middle negative charge and propagates downward to the lower positive region, where then the discharge develops horizontally. The characteristics of the discharge are similar to that of normal intracloud discharge except the polarity opposite. The results further confirmed the existence of the lower positive charge region involved in the lightning discharge. It was also found that the inverted charge structure opposite to the
