为探讨在雌核发育研究中紫外灭活的异源精子的细胞质等是否对"受精"卵的发育产生影响,本文对紫外灭活的异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育过程进行了比较研究。结果显示,在胚盘形成期、二细胞期、多细胞期和囊胚期...为探讨在雌核发育研究中紫外灭活的异源精子的细胞质等是否对"受精"卵的发育产生影响,本文对紫外灭活的异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育过程进行了比较研究。结果显示,在胚盘形成期、二细胞期、多细胞期和囊胚期,异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育时序及形态无显著差异。之后,灭活的异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎发育速度比同源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎要慢,至受精后18 h 48 min已慢1个发育时期,说明在发育前期,异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎发育阻力更大。肌节期后,同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育也严重受阻,与异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎发育速度无显著差异;且单倍体胚胎陆续大量死亡,但异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎死亡率明显要大于同源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎。异源和同源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎孵出的仔鱼均表现有单倍体综合症,外形基本一致。为确保紫外线处理将精子完全灭活,当紫外灭活的异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育至原肠后期时,各取30粒用倍性分析仪检测其倍性,结果显示全为单倍体。展开更多
Plant polyploidy often occurs in conjunction with higher yield and superior quality.Therefore,obtaining polyploid germplasms is a significant part of breeding.The oil-tea Camellia tree is an important native woody pla...Plant polyploidy often occurs in conjunction with higher yield and superior quality.Therefore,obtaining polyploid germplasms is a significant part of breeding.The oil-tea Camellia tree is an important native woody plant that produces high-quality edible oil and includes many species of Camellia with different ploidies.However,whether higher ploidy levels in oil-tea Camellia trees are related to better traits remains unclear.In this study,the ploidy levels of 30 different oil-tea Camellia strains in three different species in the Sect.Paracamellia were determined by flow cytometry and chromosome preparation,and the phenotypic characteristics and fatty acid compositions of the fruits were examined by field observations and laboratory analyses.The correlations between the ploidy level of oil-tea Camellia and the main traits of the fruit were investigated.Our results showed that 10 Camellia lanceoleosa strains were diploid,10 Camellia meiocarpa strains were tetraploid and 10 Camellia oleifera strains were hexaploid.Hexaploid C.oleifera had larger fruit size and weight,more seeds per fruit,greater seed weight per fruit,higher oil content and greater yield per crown width than tetraploid C.meiocarpa and diploid C.lanceoleosa,but their fruit peel thickness and fresh seed rate were significantly lower,and these traits were significantly correlated with ploidy level.In addition,in terms of fatty acid composition,hexaploid C.oleifera had a higher oleic acid content than tetraploid C.meiocarpa and diploid C.lanceoleosa,but their linoleic acid,linolenic acid and arachidonic acid contents were lower.The contents of palmitic acid,stearic acid and total unsaturated fatty acids were not significantly correlated with ploidy level.In conclusion,certain correlations exist between the main characteristics of oil-tea Camellia fruit and the ploidy level,and increasing the ploidy level led to an increase in fruit yield with no effect on oil composition.The discovery of variations in the main characteristics of oil-tea Camellia fruit wi展开更多
文摘为探讨在雌核发育研究中紫外灭活的异源精子的细胞质等是否对"受精"卵的发育产生影响,本文对紫外灭活的异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育过程进行了比较研究。结果显示,在胚盘形成期、二细胞期、多细胞期和囊胚期,异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育时序及形态无显著差异。之后,灭活的异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎发育速度比同源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎要慢,至受精后18 h 48 min已慢1个发育时期,说明在发育前期,异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎发育阻力更大。肌节期后,同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育也严重受阻,与异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎发育速度无显著差异;且单倍体胚胎陆续大量死亡,但异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎死亡率明显要大于同源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎。异源和同源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎孵出的仔鱼均表现有单倍体综合症,外形基本一致。为确保紫外线处理将精子完全灭活,当紫外灭活的异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育至原肠后期时,各取30粒用倍性分析仪检测其倍性,结果显示全为单倍体。
基金supported by the Special Funds for Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan Province,China(2021NK1007)the Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate,China(CX20230779)the Scientific Innovation Fund for Post-graduates of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,China(2023CX01009)。
文摘Plant polyploidy often occurs in conjunction with higher yield and superior quality.Therefore,obtaining polyploid germplasms is a significant part of breeding.The oil-tea Camellia tree is an important native woody plant that produces high-quality edible oil and includes many species of Camellia with different ploidies.However,whether higher ploidy levels in oil-tea Camellia trees are related to better traits remains unclear.In this study,the ploidy levels of 30 different oil-tea Camellia strains in three different species in the Sect.Paracamellia were determined by flow cytometry and chromosome preparation,and the phenotypic characteristics and fatty acid compositions of the fruits were examined by field observations and laboratory analyses.The correlations between the ploidy level of oil-tea Camellia and the main traits of the fruit were investigated.Our results showed that 10 Camellia lanceoleosa strains were diploid,10 Camellia meiocarpa strains were tetraploid and 10 Camellia oleifera strains were hexaploid.Hexaploid C.oleifera had larger fruit size and weight,more seeds per fruit,greater seed weight per fruit,higher oil content and greater yield per crown width than tetraploid C.meiocarpa and diploid C.lanceoleosa,but their fruit peel thickness and fresh seed rate were significantly lower,and these traits were significantly correlated with ploidy level.In addition,in terms of fatty acid composition,hexaploid C.oleifera had a higher oleic acid content than tetraploid C.meiocarpa and diploid C.lanceoleosa,but their linoleic acid,linolenic acid and arachidonic acid contents were lower.The contents of palmitic acid,stearic acid and total unsaturated fatty acids were not significantly correlated with ploidy level.In conclusion,certain correlations exist between the main characteristics of oil-tea Camellia fruit and the ploidy level,and increasing the ploidy level led to an increase in fruit yield with no effect on oil composition.The discovery of variations in the main characteristics of oil-tea Camellia fruit wi
