Plant processes, such as leaf expansion, stomatal conductance and transpiration, are affected by soil water, particularly in waterstressed environments. Quantifying the effects of soil water on plant processes, especi...Plant processes, such as leaf expansion, stomatal conductance and transpiration, are affected by soil water, particularly in waterstressed environments. Quantifying the effects of soil water on plant processes, especially leaf expansion and transpiration, could be useful for crop modeling. In order to quantify the leaf expansion and transpiration in response to soil water deficit in three millet species, common(Panicum miliaceum L.), pearl(Pennisetum glaucum L.) and foxtail(Setaria italica L.) millets, a pot experiment was performed at the Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. The soil water status was characterized by the fraction of transpirable soil water(FTSW). Leaf area and transpiration were measured daily. Relative leaf area expansion(RL) and relative transpiration(RT) data were plotted against FTSW. Finally the FTSW thresholds for RL and RT were calculated using linear-plateau and logistic models. The results showed that the thresholds for RL and RT were 0.68 and 0.62,respectively, based on all measured data of the three millet species using the linear-plateau model, indicating that RL and RT were constant when FTSW decreased from 1 to the threshold point. Thereafter, until FTSW = 0, RL and RT declined linearly with a slope of 1.48 and 1.43, respectively. Although millet is cultivated as a resistant crop in arid, semiarid and marginal lands, it showed an early response to soil water deficit at high FTSW thresholds. As leaf expansion and transpiration can be considered morphological and physiological variables, respectively, the results in this study indicate that millet has strong morphological flexibility when faced with soil water deficit.展开更多
The prototype neutron flux monitor consists of a high purity ^(235)U fission chamber detector and a'blank'detector,which is a fissile material free detector with the same dimension as the fission chamber detec...The prototype neutron flux monitor consists of a high purity ^(235)U fission chamber detector and a'blank'detector,which is a fissile material free detector with the same dimension as the fission chamber detector to identify noise issues such as noise coming from gamma rays.The main parameters of the fission chamber assembly that have been measured in the laboratory are confirmed to approach the technological level of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)in the near future.This prototype neutron flux monitor will be further developed to become a neutron flux monitor suitable for the operation phase of D-D fusion on the ITER.展开更多
The effect of substrate doping on the threshold voltages of buried channel pMOSFET based on strained-SiGe technology was studied.By physically deriving the models of the threshold voltages,it is found that the layer w...The effect of substrate doping on the threshold voltages of buried channel pMOSFET based on strained-SiGe technology was studied.By physically deriving the models of the threshold voltages,it is found that the layer which inversely occurs first is substrate doping dependent,giving explanation for the variation of plateau observed in the C-V characteristics of this device,as the doping concentration increases.The threshold voltages obtained from the proposed model are-1.2805 V for buried channel and-2.9358 V for surface channel at a lightly doping case,and-3.41 V for surface channel at a heavily doping case,which agrees well with the experimental results.Also,the variations of the threshold voltages with several device parameters are discussed,which provides valuable reference to the designers of strained-SiGe devices.展开更多
基金supported by the Research and Technology Vice Presidency, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
文摘Plant processes, such as leaf expansion, stomatal conductance and transpiration, are affected by soil water, particularly in waterstressed environments. Quantifying the effects of soil water on plant processes, especially leaf expansion and transpiration, could be useful for crop modeling. In order to quantify the leaf expansion and transpiration in response to soil water deficit in three millet species, common(Panicum miliaceum L.), pearl(Pennisetum glaucum L.) and foxtail(Setaria italica L.) millets, a pot experiment was performed at the Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. The soil water status was characterized by the fraction of transpirable soil water(FTSW). Leaf area and transpiration were measured daily. Relative leaf area expansion(RL) and relative transpiration(RT) data were plotted against FTSW. Finally the FTSW thresholds for RL and RT were calculated using linear-plateau and logistic models. The results showed that the thresholds for RL and RT were 0.68 and 0.62,respectively, based on all measured data of the three millet species using the linear-plateau model, indicating that RL and RT were constant when FTSW decreased from 1 to the threshold point. Thereafter, until FTSW = 0, RL and RT declined linearly with a slope of 1.48 and 1.43, respectively. Although millet is cultivated as a resistant crop in arid, semiarid and marginal lands, it showed an early response to soil water deficit at high FTSW thresholds. As leaf expansion and transpiration can be considered morphological and physiological variables, respectively, the results in this study indicate that millet has strong morphological flexibility when faced with soil water deficit.
基金The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10175021)the Retraining Foundation of the Southwestern Institute of Physics for Talented Personnel
文摘The prototype neutron flux monitor consists of a high purity ^(235)U fission chamber detector and a'blank'detector,which is a fissile material free detector with the same dimension as the fission chamber detector to identify noise issues such as noise coming from gamma rays.The main parameters of the fission chamber assembly that have been measured in the laboratory are confirmed to approach the technological level of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)in the near future.This prototype neutron flux monitor will be further developed to become a neutron flux monitor suitable for the operation phase of D-D fusion on the ITER.
基金Projects(51308040203,6139801)supported by the National Ministries and CommissionsProjects(72105499,72104089)supported the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProject(2010JQ8008)supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province,China
文摘The effect of substrate doping on the threshold voltages of buried channel pMOSFET based on strained-SiGe technology was studied.By physically deriving the models of the threshold voltages,it is found that the layer which inversely occurs first is substrate doping dependent,giving explanation for the variation of plateau observed in the C-V characteristics of this device,as the doping concentration increases.The threshold voltages obtained from the proposed model are-1.2805 V for buried channel and-2.9358 V for surface channel at a lightly doping case,and-3.41 V for surface channel at a heavily doping case,which agrees well with the experimental results.Also,the variations of the threshold voltages with several device parameters are discussed,which provides valuable reference to the designers of strained-SiGe devices.
