Drought is a recurrent phenomenon in many of the countries. Moisture stress during seedling stage is very critical in determining the establishment of the crop and its further development and yield. Identifying drough...Drought is a recurrent phenomenon in many of the countries. Moisture stress during seedling stage is very critical in determining the establishment of the crop and its further development and yield. Identifying drought tolerance mechanism and physiological markers of drought susceptibility is this crop during seedling stress would be useful tool in future genetic manipulation programme to establish drought tolerance in this crop. Thus the present study aimed for quickly identifying reliable physiological markers for drought susceptibility through evaluation of physiological and biochemical changes in leaves of two contrasting mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) cultivars i.e. K 851 (drought tolerant) and PDM 84-139 (drought susceptible) during seedling development. A range of four external water potentials (i.e. -1.0, -2.0, -3.0 and -4.0 bars), besides glass distilled water as control (0.0 bar), was used. Parameters like leaf area, relative leaf water content, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll stability indices in both the cultivars were decreased with the increasing magnitude of stress. By and large phenols and ascorbic acid content were increased with the stress level but the trend was not consistent. A steady rise in proline, hydrogen peroxide content and lipid peroxidation was found with water stress. Out of two cultivars tested, drought tolerant cultivar K 851 was better in leaf water balance and higher accumulation of phenols, proline and ascorbic acid than PDM 84-139. The correlation study indicated lipid peroxidation and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> content as valuable physiological markers for screening of drought susceptibility.展开更多
Glycosylated lipids(GLs)are added-value lipid derivatives of great potential.Besides their interesting surface activities that qualify many of them to act as excellent ecological detergents,they have diverse biologica...Glycosylated lipids(GLs)are added-value lipid derivatives of great potential.Besides their interesting surface activities that qualify many of them to act as excellent ecological detergents,they have diverse biological activities with promising biomedical and cosmeceutical applications.Glycolipids,especially those of microbial origin,have interesting antimicrobial,anticancer,antiparasitic as well as immunomodulatory activities.Nonetheless,GLs are hardly accessing the market because of their high cost of production.We believe that experience of metabolic engineering(ME)of microbial lipids for biofuel production can now be harnessed towards a successful synthesis of microbial GLs for biomedical and other applications.This review presents chemical groups of bacterial and fungal GLs,their biological activities,their general biosynthetic pathways and an insight on ME strategies for their production.展开更多
Biomembrane, according to our present view, consists of a lipid bilayer matrix with which membrane-bound proteins are associated. There is a widening belief that membrane is the preliminary site of action of drugs on ...Biomembrane, according to our present view, consists of a lipid bilayer matrix with which membrane-bound proteins are associated. There is a widening belief that membrane is the preliminary site of action of drugs on cells. The drug-membrane interaction are generally considered as hydrogen bond, electrostatic and hydrophobic forces in nature and, in turn, resulting in an alteration of the physico-chemical behavior and physiological function of the membrane.展开更多
文摘Drought is a recurrent phenomenon in many of the countries. Moisture stress during seedling stage is very critical in determining the establishment of the crop and its further development and yield. Identifying drought tolerance mechanism and physiological markers of drought susceptibility is this crop during seedling stress would be useful tool in future genetic manipulation programme to establish drought tolerance in this crop. Thus the present study aimed for quickly identifying reliable physiological markers for drought susceptibility through evaluation of physiological and biochemical changes in leaves of two contrasting mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) cultivars i.e. K 851 (drought tolerant) and PDM 84-139 (drought susceptible) during seedling development. A range of four external water potentials (i.e. -1.0, -2.0, -3.0 and -4.0 bars), besides glass distilled water as control (0.0 bar), was used. Parameters like leaf area, relative leaf water content, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll stability indices in both the cultivars were decreased with the increasing magnitude of stress. By and large phenols and ascorbic acid content were increased with the stress level but the trend was not consistent. A steady rise in proline, hydrogen peroxide content and lipid peroxidation was found with water stress. Out of two cultivars tested, drought tolerant cultivar K 851 was better in leaf water balance and higher accumulation of phenols, proline and ascorbic acid than PDM 84-139. The correlation study indicated lipid peroxidation and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> content as valuable physiological markers for screening of drought susceptibility.
基金This work was funded by the United States Department of Energy-Chicago(DoE-Chicago)grant DE-SC0008744 to Professor Gregory StephanopoulosDr.Ahmad M.Abdel-Mawgoud is funded by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC),funding reference number PDF-488195-2016,and partly by the US DoE grant DESC0008744 mentioned above。
文摘Glycosylated lipids(GLs)are added-value lipid derivatives of great potential.Besides their interesting surface activities that qualify many of them to act as excellent ecological detergents,they have diverse biological activities with promising biomedical and cosmeceutical applications.Glycolipids,especially those of microbial origin,have interesting antimicrobial,anticancer,antiparasitic as well as immunomodulatory activities.Nonetheless,GLs are hardly accessing the market because of their high cost of production.We believe that experience of metabolic engineering(ME)of microbial lipids for biofuel production can now be harnessed towards a successful synthesis of microbial GLs for biomedical and other applications.This review presents chemical groups of bacterial and fungal GLs,their biological activities,their general biosynthetic pathways and an insight on ME strategies for their production.
文摘Biomembrane, according to our present view, consists of a lipid bilayer matrix with which membrane-bound proteins are associated. There is a widening belief that membrane is the preliminary site of action of drugs on cells. The drug-membrane interaction are generally considered as hydrogen bond, electrostatic and hydrophobic forces in nature and, in turn, resulting in an alteration of the physico-chemical behavior and physiological function of the membrane.
