Efficient and precise photon-number-resolving detectors are essential for optical quantum information science.Despite this,very few detectors have been able to distinguish photon numbers with both high fidelity and a ...Efficient and precise photon-number-resolving detectors are essential for optical quantum information science.Despite this,very few detectors have been able to distinguish photon numbers with both high fidelity and a large dynamic range,all while maintaining high speed and high timing precision.Superconducting nanostrip-based detectors excel at counting single photons efficiently and rapidly,but face challenges in balancing dynamic range and fidelity.Here,we have pioneered the demonstration of 10 true photon-number resolution using a superconducting microstrip detector,with readout fidelity reaching an impressive 98%and 90%for 4-photon and 6-photon events,respectively.Furthermore,our proposed dual-channel timing setup drastically reduces the amount of data acquisition by 3 orders of magnitude,allowing for real-time photon-number readout.We then demonstrate the utility of our scheme by implementing a quantum random-number generator based on sampling the parity of a coherent state,which guarantees inherent unbiasedness,robustness against experimental imperfections and environmental noise,as well as invulnerability to eavesdropping.Our solution boasts high fidelity,a large dynamic range,and real-time characterization for photon-number resolution and simplicity with respect to device structure,fabrication,and readout,which may provide a promising avenue towards optical quantum information science.展开更多
We demonstrate the photon-number resolution(PNR)capability of a 1.25 GHz gated InGaAs single-photon avalanche photodiode(APD)that is equipped with a simple,low-distortion ultra-narrowband interference circuit for the ...We demonstrate the photon-number resolution(PNR)capability of a 1.25 GHz gated InGaAs single-photon avalanche photodiode(APD)that is equipped with a simple,low-distortion ultra-narrowband interference circuit for the rejection of its background capacitive response.Through discriminating the avalanche current amplitude,we are able to resolve up to four detected photons in a single detection gate with a detection efficiency as high as 45%.The PNR capability is limited by the avalanche current saturation,and can be increased to five photons at a lower detection efficiency of 34%.The PNR capability,combined with high efficiency and low noise,will find applications in quantum information processing technique based on photonic qubits.展开更多
Highlighting a golden triangular form in <em>u</em> and <em>d </em>quarks (Quark Geometric Model), we build the geometric structures of light meson <em>η</em> and individualize its...Highlighting a golden triangular form in <em>u</em> and <em>d </em>quarks (Quark Geometric Model), we build the geometric structures of light meson <em>η</em> and individualize its decays and spin. By the structure equations describing mesons, we determine a mathematic procedure to calculate the theoretical value of the mass of light mesons <em>η</em>.展开更多
In previous articles (Guido) we demonstrated that Quarks (u, d) are represented by golden geometric structures of coupled quantum oscillators. In this article we show the geometric structure of the pion triplet and, i...In previous articles (Guido) we demonstrated that Quarks (u, d) are represented by golden geometric structures of coupled quantum oscillators. In this article we show the geometric structure of the pion triplet and, in particular, via the structure equation of neutral pion, we identify its decays and we solve the spin question in hadrons thanks also to introduction of algebraic operations [?, ⊕] on geometric structure. Moreover by means of the golden ratio between (u, d), we determine the values of bare masses of quarks (3.51 MeV for u-quark and 5.67 MeV for d-quark) and those ones bounded in a pion (53.31 MeV for u-quark and 85.26 MeV for d-quark). Finally, using algebraic operations [?, ⊕] we point out a new way to represent the processes of pions’ decay.展开更多
Imaging through fluctuating scattering media such as fog is of challenge since it seriously degrades the image quality.We investigate how the image quality of computational ghost imaging is reduced by fluctuating fog ...Imaging through fluctuating scattering media such as fog is of challenge since it seriously degrades the image quality.We investigate how the image quality of computational ghost imaging is reduced by fluctuating fog and how to obtain a high-quality defogging ghost image. We show theoretically and experimentally that the photon number fluctuations introduced by fluctuating fog is the reason for ghost image degradation. An algorithm is proposed to process the signals collected by the computational ghost imaging device to eliminate photon number fluctuations of different measurement events. Thus, a high-quality defogging ghost image is reconstructed even though fog is evenly distributed on the optical path. A nearly 100% defogging ghost image is obtained by further using a cycle generative adversarial network to process the reconstructed defogging image.展开更多
Using the “Aureum Geometric Model” (AGM) of quarks, we formulate the structure equations describing mesons and, by a mathematic procedure, we calculate the theoretical spectrum of mass values of light mesons without...Using the “Aureum Geometric Model” (AGM) of quarks, we formulate the structure equations describing mesons and, by a mathematic procedure, we calculate the theoretical spectrum of mass values of light mesons without strangeness.展开更多
We investigate how displaced thermal states （DTSs） evolve in a laser channel. Remarkably, the initial DTS, an example of a mixed state, still remains mixed and thermal. At long times, they finally decay to a highly ...We investigate how displaced thermal states （DTSs） evolve in a laser channel. Remarkably, the initial DTS, an example of a mixed state, still remains mixed and thermal. At long times, they finally decay to a highly classical thermal field only related to the laser parameters κ and g. The normal ordering product of density operator of the DTS in the laser channel leads to obtaining the analytical time-evolution expressions of the photon number, Wigner function, and von Neumann entropy. Also, some interesting results are presented via numerically investigating these explicit time-dependent expressions.展开更多
合理地设计弓网电弧检测系统弧光采集部分参数有利于最大程度地收集特定波段日盲紫外光信号,从而提高城市轨道交通弓网电弧检测系统的精度.针对弧光采集系统与弓网接触点距离为3m,4 m,5 m 3种物距方案进行了光学参数设计,估算了直径为2....合理地设计弓网电弧检测系统弧光采集部分参数有利于最大程度地收集特定波段日盲紫外光信号,从而提高城市轨道交通弓网电弧检测系统的精度.针对弧光采集系统与弓网接触点距离为3m,4 m,5 m 3种物距方案进行了光学参数设计,估算了直径为2.5 mm光纤束在3种物距方案下能够采集到的相对光子数,并在MATLAB环境下对每种物距方案的像点尺寸进行了仿真.仿真结果表明,3种物距方案下,物面上任一点所成的像点直径均小于光纤束端面尺寸,因此可认为该系统在光纤耦合过程中几乎不产生光信号损失.所设计的弧光采集系统参数能够满足城轨弓网电弧检测系统紫外光信号的采集要求.展开更多
We investigate the nonclassical properties of the photon-added-then-subtracted coherent squeezed state （PASCSS） via the sub-Poissonian statistics, the photon-number distribution, and the negativity of the Wigner fun...We investigate the nonclassical properties of the photon-added-then-subtracted coherent squeezed state （PASCSS） via the sub-Poissonian statistics, the photon-number distribution, and the negativity of the Wigner function. It is found that the PASSCS is a superposition state of D（β）S（ζ）｜0〉, D（β）S（ζ）｜1〉, and D（β）S（ζ）｜2〉. We find that the Mandel Q parameter, the photon-number distribution, and the negative volume of the Wigner function of the PASCSS are all periodic functions of the compound Ф - 0/2 with a period π involved with squeezing and displacement parameteTs.展开更多
From the normally ordered form of the density operator of a squeezed coherent state（SCS）,we directly derive the compact expression of the SCS＇s photon-number distribution（PND）.Besides the known oscillation charac...From the normally ordered form of the density operator of a squeezed coherent state（SCS）,we directly derive the compact expression of the SCS＇s photon-number distribution（PND）.Besides the known oscillation characteristics,we find that the PND is a periodic function with a period of π and extremely sensitive to phase.If the squeezing is strong enough,and the compound phase which is relevant to the complex squeezing and displacement parameters are assigned appropriate values,different oscillation behaviours in PND for even and odd photon numbers appear,respectively.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62301541,61971408,61827823,and 12033007)support from Shanghai Sailing Program(Grant No.23YF1456200)
文摘Efficient and precise photon-number-resolving detectors are essential for optical quantum information science.Despite this,very few detectors have been able to distinguish photon numbers with both high fidelity and a large dynamic range,all while maintaining high speed and high timing precision.Superconducting nanostrip-based detectors excel at counting single photons efficiently and rapidly,but face challenges in balancing dynamic range and fidelity.Here,we have pioneered the demonstration of 10 true photon-number resolution using a superconducting microstrip detector,with readout fidelity reaching an impressive 98%and 90%for 4-photon and 6-photon events,respectively.Furthermore,our proposed dual-channel timing setup drastically reduces the amount of data acquisition by 3 orders of magnitude,allowing for real-time photon-number readout.We then demonstrate the utility of our scheme by implementing a quantum random-number generator based on sampling the parity of a coherent state,which guarantees inherent unbiasedness,robustness against experimental imperfections and environmental noise,as well as invulnerability to eavesdropping.Our solution boasts high fidelity,a large dynamic range,and real-time characterization for photon-number resolution and simplicity with respect to device structure,fabrication,and readout,which may provide a promising avenue towards optical quantum information science.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62250710162 and 12274406)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1405100).
文摘We demonstrate the photon-number resolution(PNR)capability of a 1.25 GHz gated InGaAs single-photon avalanche photodiode(APD)that is equipped with a simple,low-distortion ultra-narrowband interference circuit for the rejection of its background capacitive response.Through discriminating the avalanche current amplitude,we are able to resolve up to four detected photons in a single detection gate with a detection efficiency as high as 45%.The PNR capability is limited by the avalanche current saturation,and can be increased to five photons at a lower detection efficiency of 34%.The PNR capability,combined with high efficiency and low noise,will find applications in quantum information processing technique based on photonic qubits.
文摘Highlighting a golden triangular form in <em>u</em> and <em>d </em>quarks (Quark Geometric Model), we build the geometric structures of light meson <em>η</em> and individualize its decays and spin. By the structure equations describing mesons, we determine a mathematic procedure to calculate the theoretical value of the mass of light mesons <em>η</em>.
文摘In previous articles (Guido) we demonstrated that Quarks (u, d) are represented by golden geometric structures of coupled quantum oscillators. In this article we show the geometric structure of the pion triplet and, in particular, via the structure equation of neutral pion, we identify its decays and we solve the spin question in hadrons thanks also to introduction of algebraic operations [?, ⊕] on geometric structure. Moreover by means of the golden ratio between (u, d), we determine the values of bare masses of quarks (3.51 MeV for u-quark and 5.67 MeV for d-quark) and those ones bounded in a pion (53.31 MeV for u-quark and 85.26 MeV for d-quark). Finally, using algebraic operations [?, ⊕] we point out a new way to represent the processes of pions’ decay.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (Grant No. ZR2022MF249)。
文摘Imaging through fluctuating scattering media such as fog is of challenge since it seriously degrades the image quality.We investigate how the image quality of computational ghost imaging is reduced by fluctuating fog and how to obtain a high-quality defogging ghost image. We show theoretically and experimentally that the photon number fluctuations introduced by fluctuating fog is the reason for ghost image degradation. An algorithm is proposed to process the signals collected by the computational ghost imaging device to eliminate photon number fluctuations of different measurement events. Thus, a high-quality defogging ghost image is reconstructed even though fog is evenly distributed on the optical path. A nearly 100% defogging ghost image is obtained by further using a cycle generative adversarial network to process the reconstructed defogging image.
文摘Using the “Aureum Geometric Model” (AGM) of quarks, we formulate the structure equations describing mesons and, by a mathematic procedure, we calculate the theoretical spectrum of mass values of light mesons without strangeness.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11347026)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant Nos.ZR2016AM03 and ZR2017MA011)
文摘We investigate how displaced thermal states （DTSs） evolve in a laser channel. Remarkably, the initial DTS, an example of a mixed state, still remains mixed and thermal. At long times, they finally decay to a highly classical thermal field only related to the laser parameters κ and g. The normal ordering product of density operator of the DTS in the laser channel leads to obtaining the analytical time-evolution expressions of the photon number, Wigner function, and von Neumann entropy. Also, some interesting results are presented via numerically investigating these explicit time-dependent expressions.
文摘合理地设计弓网电弧检测系统弧光采集部分参数有利于最大程度地收集特定波段日盲紫外光信号,从而提高城市轨道交通弓网电弧检测系统的精度.针对弧光采集系统与弓网接触点距离为3m,4 m,5 m 3种物距方案进行了光学参数设计,估算了直径为2.5 mm光纤束在3种物距方案下能够采集到的相对光子数,并在MATLAB环境下对每种物距方案的像点尺寸进行了仿真.仿真结果表明,3种物距方案下,物面上任一点所成的像点直径均小于光纤束端面尺寸,因此可认为该系统在光纤耦合过程中几乎不产生光信号损失.所设计的弧光采集系统参数能够满足城轨弓网电弧检测系统紫外光信号的采集要求.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11264018)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China (Grant No. 2010GQW0027)+1 种基金the Key Program Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 210115)the Sponsored Program for Cultivating Youths of Outstanding Ability in Jiangxi Normal University,China
文摘We investigate the nonclassical properties of the photon-added-then-subtracted coherent squeezed state （PASCSS） via the sub-Poissonian statistics, the photon-number distribution, and the negativity of the Wigner function. It is found that the PASSCS is a superposition state of D（β）S（ζ）｜0〉, D（β）S（ζ）｜1〉, and D（β）S（ζ）｜2〉. We find that the Mandel Q parameter, the photon-number distribution, and the negative volume of the Wigner function of the PASCSS are all periodic functions of the compound Ф - 0/2 with a period π involved with squeezing and displacement parameteTs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11175113)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China (Grant No. ZR2010AQ024)the Scientific Research Foundation of Heze University of Shandong Province,China (Grant No. XYJJKJ-1)
文摘From the normally ordered form of the density operator of a squeezed coherent state（SCS）,we directly derive the compact expression of the SCS＇s photon-number distribution（PND）.Besides the known oscillation characteristics,we find that the PND is a periodic function with a period of π and extremely sensitive to phase.If the squeezing is strong enough,and the compound phase which is relevant to the complex squeezing and displacement parameters are assigned appropriate values,different oscillation behaviours in PND for even and odd photon numbers appear,respectively.
