The carbon （C）, nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） variations of a temperate wetland soil under continuous cultivation for 40 yr were determined and evaluated in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. The results sho...The carbon （C）, nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） variations of a temperate wetland soil under continuous cultivation for 40 yr were determined and evaluated in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. The results showed that the soil organic carbon （SOC） and total nitrogen （TN） contents in each soil layer decreased sharply after cultivation for 2-3 yr, and exhibited minor differences after cultivation for 11 yr, which showed an exponential decline curve with the increase of cultivation years. The reduction rates of carbon and nitrogen reserves were 14.79% and 28.53% yr^-1 at the initial reclamation stages of 2-3 yr and then decreased to 2.02-3.08% yr^-1 and 1.98-2.93% yr^-1 after cultivation for 20 yr, respectively. Soil total phosphorus （TP） reserves decreased within cultivation for 5 yr, and then gradually restored to the initial level after cultivation for 17 yr. Both SOC and TN could be restored slightly when the farmland was left fallow for 8 yr after reclamation for 11 yr, whereas TP had no significant difference. These results demonstrated that wetland cultivation was one of the most important factors influencing on the nutrient fate and reserves in soil, which could lead to the rapid nutrient release and slow restoration through abandon cultivation, therefore protective cultivation techniques preventing nutrients from loss should be immediately established after wetland reclamation.展开更多
Coal is the vital resource of energy in China,but abandoned coal ash and gangue lead to the degradation of vegetation cover and reduce soil quality.Both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate solubilizing ba...Coal is the vital resource of energy in China,but abandoned coal ash and gangue lead to the degradation of vegetation cover and reduce soil quality.Both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) play a key role in biogeochemical cycle such as soil organic matter decomposition,nutrition release,and energy flow.To improve and reclamation the soil quality and ecological efficiency of the coal mining waste,we investigated the effects of an AMF strain (Glomus mosseae) and a PSB strain (Pantoesstewarti) on phytate mineralization and subsequent transfer to the host plant (Medicago sativa L.) using a two-compartment microcosm with a central 30 mm nylon mesh barrier.The results showed that significantly higher available P (AP),above ground biomass (AGB) and underground biomass (UGB) were in combined inoculation of AMF-PSB than other treatments in root and hyphae compartment.The microbial inoculum of the AMF or PSB had a significant influence on soil acid phosphatase activities (ACP).AMF-PSB enhanced phytate mineralization,improved plant biomass.AP and ACP positively influenced the AGB and UGB.AMF-PSB could be used as bioinoculant to enhance sustainable production of the plant in abandoned solid waste of coal mine.展开更多
为探究氮(N)磷(P)养分梯度分别对滨海新围垦区植物表层(0~10 cm)细根(≤2 mm)形态特征和生物量的影响,该实验以大叶女贞为试材,采用内生长土芯(体积196.25 cm 3)施肥法对大叶女贞土壤表层(0~10 cm)的土芯分别进行氮、磷添加实验,分别设...为探究氮(N)磷(P)养分梯度分别对滨海新围垦区植物表层(0~10 cm)细根(≤2 mm)形态特征和生物量的影响,该实验以大叶女贞为试材,采用内生长土芯(体积196.25 cm 3)施肥法对大叶女贞土壤表层(0~10 cm)的土芯分别进行氮、磷添加实验,分别设每穴0、1、3、5、7、9、11、13、15、17、20 g的施肥梯度,研究N、P养分分别对土壤表层细根功能性状的影响。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,施入3 g N时,细根的长度、表面积、体积、根长密度、根表面积密度、生物量显著增加,增幅分别为62.39%、120.87%、169.97%、59.19%、106.99%和102.75%;施入5~11 g N时,以上各指标逐渐降低,当N施入量大于11 g时,无根系生长。(2)施入3 g P时,根系的总长度、表面积、体积、根长密度、根表面积密度和生物量显著增加,增幅分别为77.37%、111.15%、147.50%、73.87%、97.88%和98.05%。当P施入量大于5 g时,细根的以上指标逐渐降低,但未出现无根系的状况。施肥促使细根的形态指标和生物量发生了显著变化,植物通过改变细根构型来提高土壤养分的获取能力。综上认为,在距离树干1 m位置的表层土壤中分别施加3 g N或P可显著促进大叶女贞细根的生长。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41071056)the Discovery Research Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZCX2-YW-309)
文摘The carbon （C）, nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） variations of a temperate wetland soil under continuous cultivation for 40 yr were determined and evaluated in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. The results showed that the soil organic carbon （SOC） and total nitrogen （TN） contents in each soil layer decreased sharply after cultivation for 2-3 yr, and exhibited minor differences after cultivation for 11 yr, which showed an exponential decline curve with the increase of cultivation years. The reduction rates of carbon and nitrogen reserves were 14.79% and 28.53% yr^-1 at the initial reclamation stages of 2-3 yr and then decreased to 2.02-3.08% yr^-1 and 1.98-2.93% yr^-1 after cultivation for 20 yr, respectively. Soil total phosphorus （TP） reserves decreased within cultivation for 5 yr, and then gradually restored to the initial level after cultivation for 17 yr. Both SOC and TN could be restored slightly when the farmland was left fallow for 8 yr after reclamation for 11 yr, whereas TP had no significant difference. These results demonstrated that wetland cultivation was one of the most important factors influencing on the nutrient fate and reserves in soil, which could lead to the rapid nutrient release and slow restoration through abandon cultivation, therefore protective cultivation techniques preventing nutrients from loss should be immediately established after wetland reclamation.
基金We gratefully acknowledge the State Key Research Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC0501106)and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project 51574253).
文摘Coal is the vital resource of energy in China,but abandoned coal ash and gangue lead to the degradation of vegetation cover and reduce soil quality.Both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) play a key role in biogeochemical cycle such as soil organic matter decomposition,nutrition release,and energy flow.To improve and reclamation the soil quality and ecological efficiency of the coal mining waste,we investigated the effects of an AMF strain (Glomus mosseae) and a PSB strain (Pantoesstewarti) on phytate mineralization and subsequent transfer to the host plant (Medicago sativa L.) using a two-compartment microcosm with a central 30 mm nylon mesh barrier.The results showed that significantly higher available P (AP),above ground biomass (AGB) and underground biomass (UGB) were in combined inoculation of AMF-PSB than other treatments in root and hyphae compartment.The microbial inoculum of the AMF or PSB had a significant influence on soil acid phosphatase activities (ACP).AMF-PSB enhanced phytate mineralization,improved plant biomass.AP and ACP positively influenced the AGB and UGB.AMF-PSB could be used as bioinoculant to enhance sustainable production of the plant in abandoned solid waste of coal mine.
文摘为探究氮(N)磷(P)养分梯度分别对滨海新围垦区植物表层(0~10 cm)细根(≤2 mm)形态特征和生物量的影响,该实验以大叶女贞为试材,采用内生长土芯(体积196.25 cm 3)施肥法对大叶女贞土壤表层(0~10 cm)的土芯分别进行氮、磷添加实验,分别设每穴0、1、3、5、7、9、11、13、15、17、20 g的施肥梯度,研究N、P养分分别对土壤表层细根功能性状的影响。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,施入3 g N时,细根的长度、表面积、体积、根长密度、根表面积密度、生物量显著增加,增幅分别为62.39%、120.87%、169.97%、59.19%、106.99%和102.75%;施入5~11 g N时,以上各指标逐渐降低,当N施入量大于11 g时,无根系生长。(2)施入3 g P时,根系的总长度、表面积、体积、根长密度、根表面积密度和生物量显著增加,增幅分别为77.37%、111.15%、147.50%、73.87%、97.88%和98.05%。当P施入量大于5 g时,细根的以上指标逐渐降低,但未出现无根系的状况。施肥促使细根的形态指标和生物量发生了显著变化,植物通过改变细根构型来提高土壤养分的获取能力。综上认为,在距离树干1 m位置的表层土壤中分别施加3 g N或P可显著促进大叶女贞细根的生长。
