The aim of the study was to form and assess the pharmacists’ strategies in Greece, by analyzing the policy environment and identifying the role of the key players-stakeholders. For collecting and organizing important...The aim of the study was to form and assess the pharmacists’ strategies in Greece, by analyzing the policy environment and identifying the role of the key players-stakeholders. For collecting and organizing important information about the pharmacists’ policy, the PolicyMaker’s computerized version of political mapping was used, serving as a database for assessments of the policy’s content, the major players, the power and policy positions of key players, the interests of different players, and the networks and coalitions that connect the players. As the research findings show, the initially expected impact of the pharmacists’ policy proved to be very optimistic in most of the implemented strategies, as the majority of the strategies have worsened or minimized their success ratio throughout the time in study. Concluding, either the initially set strategies were at the wrong direction or the actions taken to implement them were inappropriate. Moreover, one can suggest that the shifting ability in both the position and the power of the most key players were over-estimated, while they under-estimated the impact of troika-constitutions meddling in the pharmaceutical policymaking and in the health sector cost-containment measures imposing.展开更多
If making a forecast of the market for APIs(active pharmaceutical ingredients)in 2009,there are not enough favorable factors tosay"optimistic",and it would be too pes-simistic to say"downslide".Per...If making a forecast of the market for APIs(active pharmaceutical ingredients)in 2009,there are not enough favorable factors tosay"optimistic",and it would be too pes-simistic to say"downslide".Perhaps it isproper to say that the competition will be"fiercer".The aggravation of the global eco-nomic crisis will have anegative impact on almost every traditionalsector.The capital shortage and the consump-tion contraction will at least affect the marketconsumption growth of medicines.As medi-cines are irreplaceable commodities.the phar-maceutical sector can be said to be a harbor展开更多
Medicines are not directly involved in the fi-nancial crisis since they are basic consumablesand products with a demand that is relativelyinsensitive to consumer confidence,interestrates,etc.In the integrated global e...Medicines are not directly involved in the fi-nancial crisis since they are basic consumablesand products with a demand that is relativelyinsensitive to consumer confidence,interestrates,etc.In the integrated global economy oftoday,however,the pharmaceutical sector,including the production of active pharma-ceutical ingredients(APIs),can hardly be anexception.The situation for the export of APls inChina was excellent in the first eight monthsof2008.Nevertheless,we cannot reasonablysuppose that the impact of the financial crisison China’s export ofAPIs will be very small.展开更多
Pharmaceutical intermediates have already become a major sector of the international chemical industry.The synthesis of pharma-ceuticals depends on high-quality pharmaceu-tical intermediates.No possibility of patent i...Pharmaceutical intermediates have already become a major sector of the international chemical industry.The synthesis of pharma-ceuticals depends on high-quality pharmaceu-tical intermediates.No possibility of patent infringement exists in the production of most pharmaceutical intermediates.The market and application prospects of pharmaceutical in-termediates are therefore most attractive.展开更多
The pharmaceutical sector in China is shifting fromchaotic to standardized in order and hidden to evi-dent in rule. The production is getting more andmore concentrated. Leading companies still hold astrong position. B...The pharmaceutical sector in China is shifting fromchaotic to standardized in order and hidden to evi-dent in rule. The production is getting more andmore concentrated. Leading companies still hold astrong position. Biological medicines and famous-brand/modern Chinese medicines are sectors withprominent comparative advantage and will remainto be investment focuses in 2007 and 2008.There is only development trendbut no real performancein conventional展开更多
PEST （Political, Economic, Social, and Technological） analysis of any industry sector investigates the important factors that are affecting the industry and influencing the companies operating in that sector. The pu...PEST （Political, Economic, Social, and Technological） analysis of any industry sector investigates the important factors that are affecting the industry and influencing the companies operating in that sector. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pharmaceutical sector of Bangladesh using the framework of PEST. This report brings to light the current state of the sector its progress and its problems. Through this study the researchers try to discuss the affect of various macro-economic factors of political, economic, social, and technological aspect on the industry and its related problems and prospects for the future.展开更多
Diethanolamine (DEA) is one of the productsin ethanolamine homologous series(including monoethanolamine (MEA), DEAand triethanolamine (TEA)). It is mainlyused in the production of herbicideglyphosate and also as corro...Diethanolamine (DEA) is one of the productsin ethanolamine homologous series(including monoethanolamine (MEA), DEAand triethanolamine (TEA)). It is mainlyused in the production of herbicideglyphosate and also as corrosion inhibitorfor the pharmaceutical sector, raw material for organic synthesis, raw material forsurfactants and absorbent for acidic gases.Present production statusThe ethanolamine production in China wasstarted in the 1960s. As raw material ethyl-ene oxide used at that time was mostly produced with the chlorohydrination process,it had a considerable amount of impurities.展开更多
Sodium metal with strong reducibility is used to manufacture tetraethyl lead-an antiknock agent used in gasoline. After the use of leaded gasoline wasbanned, sodium metal is mainly used in dye industry for producing i...Sodium metal with strong reducibility is used to manufacture tetraethyl lead-an antiknock agent used in gasoline. After the use of leaded gasoline wasbanned, sodium metal is mainly used in dye industry for producing indigo,and pharmaceutical, pesticides, precious metals smelting industries and etc.The consumption of sodium metal in indigo dye sector occupies about 60%of China’s total consumption, while in pharmaceutical intermediates展开更多
文摘The aim of the study was to form and assess the pharmacists’ strategies in Greece, by analyzing the policy environment and identifying the role of the key players-stakeholders. For collecting and organizing important information about the pharmacists’ policy, the PolicyMaker’s computerized version of political mapping was used, serving as a database for assessments of the policy’s content, the major players, the power and policy positions of key players, the interests of different players, and the networks and coalitions that connect the players. As the research findings show, the initially expected impact of the pharmacists’ policy proved to be very optimistic in most of the implemented strategies, as the majority of the strategies have worsened or minimized their success ratio throughout the time in study. Concluding, either the initially set strategies were at the wrong direction or the actions taken to implement them were inappropriate. Moreover, one can suggest that the shifting ability in both the position and the power of the most key players were over-estimated, while they under-estimated the impact of troika-constitutions meddling in the pharmaceutical policymaking and in the health sector cost-containment measures imposing.
文摘If making a forecast of the market for APIs(active pharmaceutical ingredients)in 2009,there are not enough favorable factors tosay"optimistic",and it would be too pes-simistic to say"downslide".Perhaps it isproper to say that the competition will be"fiercer".The aggravation of the global eco-nomic crisis will have anegative impact on almost every traditionalsector.The capital shortage and the consump-tion contraction will at least affect the marketconsumption growth of medicines.As medi-cines are irreplaceable commodities.the phar-maceutical sector can be said to be a harbor
文摘Medicines are not directly involved in the fi-nancial crisis since they are basic consumablesand products with a demand that is relativelyinsensitive to consumer confidence,interestrates,etc.In the integrated global economy oftoday,however,the pharmaceutical sector,including the production of active pharma-ceutical ingredients(APIs),can hardly be anexception.The situation for the export of APls inChina was excellent in the first eight monthsof2008.Nevertheless,we cannot reasonablysuppose that the impact of the financial crisison China’s export ofAPIs will be very small.
文摘Pharmaceutical intermediates have already become a major sector of the international chemical industry.The synthesis of pharma-ceuticals depends on high-quality pharmaceu-tical intermediates.No possibility of patent infringement exists in the production of most pharmaceutical intermediates.The market and application prospects of pharmaceutical in-termediates are therefore most attractive.
文摘The pharmaceutical sector in China is shifting fromchaotic to standardized in order and hidden to evi-dent in rule. The production is getting more andmore concentrated. Leading companies still hold astrong position. Biological medicines and famous-brand/modern Chinese medicines are sectors withprominent comparative advantage and will remainto be investment focuses in 2007 and 2008.There is only development trendbut no real performancein conventional
文摘PEST （Political, Economic, Social, and Technological） analysis of any industry sector investigates the important factors that are affecting the industry and influencing the companies operating in that sector. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pharmaceutical sector of Bangladesh using the framework of PEST. This report brings to light the current state of the sector its progress and its problems. Through this study the researchers try to discuss the affect of various macro-economic factors of political, economic, social, and technological aspect on the industry and its related problems and prospects for the future.
文摘Diethanolamine (DEA) is one of the productsin ethanolamine homologous series(including monoethanolamine (MEA), DEAand triethanolamine (TEA)). It is mainlyused in the production of herbicideglyphosate and also as corrosion inhibitorfor the pharmaceutical sector, raw material for organic synthesis, raw material forsurfactants and absorbent for acidic gases.Present production statusThe ethanolamine production in China wasstarted in the 1960s. As raw material ethyl-ene oxide used at that time was mostly produced with the chlorohydrination process,it had a considerable amount of impurities.
文摘Sodium metal with strong reducibility is used to manufacture tetraethyl lead-an antiknock agent used in gasoline. After the use of leaded gasoline wasbanned, sodium metal is mainly used in dye industry for producing indigo,and pharmaceutical, pesticides, precious metals smelting industries and etc.The consumption of sodium metal in indigo dye sector occupies about 60%of China’s total consumption, while in pharmaceutical intermediates
