Aim:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among perceived organizational support,intention to remain,career success and self-esteem in male nurses in China.Background:Recently,turnover is cons...Aim:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among perceived organizational support,intention to remain,career success and self-esteem in male nurses in China.Background:Recently,turnover is considered increasingly more normal.Male nurses could be stabilized by improving their perceived organizational support,career success and selfesteem.Design:A cross-sectional design was used in the present study.Method:405 full-time male Registered Nurses,from Grade A hospitals in Tianjin,were surveyed.Pearson correlation,Cronbach's alpha coefficient and structural equation modelling were conducted in the study.Results:The results illustrated that self-esteem mediated the relationship between perceived organizational support and career success.Career success mediated the relationship between self-esteem and intention to remain.Conclusion:Hospitals should pay more attention to the benefits of positive personality trait on working motivation.It is meaningful to enhance perceived organizational support,career success and self-esteem in the working process so that nurses are willing to stay in the current employment.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To verify the effects of scraping therapy on the weightlifting ability by measuring the subjective sensation,and changes of biomarkers.METHODS:Five students,who have been trained for 3 years in a sport schoo...OBJECTIVE:To verify the effects of scraping therapy on the weightlifting ability by measuring the subjective sensation,and changes of biomarkers.METHODS:Five students,who have been trained for 3 years in a sport school in China were participated in this study.A course of scraping therapy was applied to intervene during the normal 7-week of weightlifting training programme.The ability of weightlifting,the scale of rating perceived exertion and serum biochemical markers were measured before and after the intervention.RESULTS:Scraping therapy caused a significant increase in weightlifting ability(P<0.05).The level of rating perceived exertion remained stable with the increase in the training volume.Immuno-globulinA was significantly increased(P<0.05),and creatine kinase and blood urea nitrogen were significantly decreased(P<0.05).No significant changes were observed in white blood cell,neutrophil,and testosterone.CONCLUSION:Scraping therapy may facilitate weightlifting ability mainly by decreasing weight sensation and improving serum biochemical parameters.展开更多
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to propose and test a conceptual model that explains the interrelationships among perceived social support, loneliness, physical activity(PA), and quality of life(QoL) among acti...Purpose: The purpose of this study was to propose and test a conceptual model that explains the interrelationships among perceived social support, loneliness, physical activity(PA), and quality of life(QoL) among active older adults in South Korea.Methods: Data were collected from 332 individuals over the age of 65 using a systematic stratified convenience sampling method. Survey data were collected and analyzed using a structural equation model(SEM).Results: Perceived social support had a significantly positive effect on PA(b = 0.14, p < 0.01) and QoL(b = 0.28, p < 0.001) while decreasing loneliness(b = —0.55, p < 0.001). PA had a significant positive effect on QoL(b = 0.12, p < 0.01), and loneliness had a negative effect on QoL(b = —0.37, p < 0.001). Loneliness mediated the relationship between perceived social support and QoL.Conclusion: The SEM results of the current study support the proposed model that explained the interrelationships among perceived social support, loneliness, PA, and QoL among active older adults in South Korea. These findings suggest the importance of incorporating social support mechanisms for PA interventions in order to enhance QoL. The findings of this study can help create more effective health and physical education programs for the older generations in South Korea to enhance their QoL.展开更多
目的:编制中学生领悟教师情感支持问卷(Middle School Student Perceived Teachers’Emotional Support Questionnaire),并检验其信效度。方法:通过文献检索、访谈、开放性问卷调查形成问卷的初始项目。对450名中学生进行预测并根据结...目的:编制中学生领悟教师情感支持问卷(Middle School Student Perceived Teachers’Emotional Support Questionnaire),并检验其信效度。方法:通过文献检索、访谈、开放性问卷调查形成问卷的初始项目。对450名中学生进行预测并根据结果对问卷进行修订。对1200名中学生进行正式施测,得到有效问卷1028份,随机分为两部分,一部分用于探索性因素分析(n=514),一部分用于验证性因素分析(n=514)。采用学业自我效能感问卷、学习倦怠问卷、个人取向成就动机量表(内部动机)进行效标效度检验。选取63名中学生间隔4周进行重测以检验重测信度。结果:中学生领悟教师情感支持问卷包含18个项目,由关心学生、理解学生、尊重学生、鼓励学生4个维度构成,共解释总变异的68.52%,验证性因素分析显示问卷具有良好的结构效度(χ~2/df=3.36,GFI=0.91,NFI=0.91,CFI=0.93,TLI=0.93,IFI=0.92,RMSEA=0.07)。问卷总分及4个维度得分与学业自我效能感问卷总分正相关(r=0.31~0.42,均P<0.01),与个人取向成就动机量表(内部动机)总分正相关(r=0.29~0.36,均P<0.01),与学习倦怠问卷总分负相关(r=-0.36^-0.44,均P<0.01)。总问卷的Cronbachα系数为0.93,4个维度的Cronbachα系数为0.82~0.86;总问卷的重测信度为0.86,4个维度的重测信度为0.65~0.73。结论:本研究编制的中学生领悟教师情感支持问卷信效度良好,符合心理测量学要求,可用于相关的研究和实践中。展开更多
Recent progress in deep learning is essentially based on a“big data for small tasks”paradigm,under which massive amounts of data are used to train a classifier for a single narrow task.In this paper,we call for a sh...Recent progress in deep learning is essentially based on a“big data for small tasks”paradigm,under which massive amounts of data are used to train a classifier for a single narrow task.In this paper,we call for a shift that flips this paradigm upside down.Specifically,we propose a“small data for big tasks”paradigm,wherein a single artificial intelligence(AI)system is challenged to develop“common sense,”enabling it to solve a wide range of tasks with little training data.We illustrate the potential power of this new paradigm by reviewing models of common sense that synthesize recent breakthroughs in both machine and human vision.We identify functionality,physics,intent,causality,and utility(FPICU)as the five core domains of cognitive AI with humanlike common sense.When taken as a unified concept,FPICU is concerned with the questions of“why”and“how,”beyond the dominant“what”and“where”framework for understanding vision.They are invisible in terms of pixels but nevertheless drive the creation,maintenance,and development of visual scenes.We therefore coin them the“dark matter”of vision.Just as our universe cannot be understood by merely studying observable matter,we argue that vision cannot be understood without studying FPICU.We demonstrate the power of this perspective to develop cognitive AI systems with humanlike common sense by showing how to observe and apply FPICU with little training data to solve a wide range of challenging tasks,including tool use,planning,utility inference,and social learning.In summary,we argue that the next generation of AI must embrace“dark”humanlike common sense for solving novel tasks.展开更多
Background: There is growing evidence suggesting that those who suffer traumatic injury display high levels of perceived injustice which impedes their recovery, both physically and mentally. Aim: The aim of this syste...Background: There is growing evidence suggesting that those who suffer traumatic injury display high levels of perceived injustice which impedes their recovery, both physically and mentally. Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to examine the association between perceived injustice and pain-related, mental health and functional outcomes in patients who have suffered a traumatic injury. Methods: In May 2023, a systematic review of the literature was performed on the electronic databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews. Papers were collected and analysed as per PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. The outcomes of interest were pain intensity, pain interference, disability, depression, anxiety, and quality of life. The initial search identified 59 papers. Of these papers, five studies met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently analysed (N = 1172). Each of the papers was published in peer-reviewed journals in the English language. Individuals with pain or pathology prior to the trauma and those who were not hospitalised following the trauma were excluded from the study. Results: Of the papers reviewed, each study indicated significant associations between perceived injustice and pain, disability, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as reduced return to work status. Conclusion: This systematic review investigated the relationship between perceived injustice and pain-related, mental health, and functional outcomes in trauma patients. The results highlight the negative role that perceived injustice has on recovery following traumatic injury. Further, it provokes the need for future research regarding the implementation of therapeutic interventions and the development of predictive models of injustice.展开更多
基金Financial support for this research was received from the National Ministry of Education(11YJCZH112).
文摘Aim:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among perceived organizational support,intention to remain,career success and self-esteem in male nurses in China.Background:Recently,turnover is considered increasingly more normal.Male nurses could be stabilized by improving their perceived organizational support,career success and selfesteem.Design:A cross-sectional design was used in the present study.Method:405 full-time male Registered Nurses,from Grade A hospitals in Tianjin,were surveyed.Pearson correlation,Cronbach's alpha coefficient and structural equation modelling were conducted in the study.Results:The results illustrated that self-esteem mediated the relationship between perceived organizational support and career success.Career success mediated the relationship between self-esteem and intention to remain.Conclusion:Hospitals should pay more attention to the benefits of positive personality trait on working motivation.It is meaningful to enhance perceived organizational support,career success and self-esteem in the working process so that nurses are willing to stay in the current employment.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To verify the effects of scraping therapy on the weightlifting ability by measuring the subjective sensation,and changes of biomarkers.METHODS:Five students,who have been trained for 3 years in a sport school in China were participated in this study.A course of scraping therapy was applied to intervene during the normal 7-week of weightlifting training programme.The ability of weightlifting,the scale of rating perceived exertion and serum biochemical markers were measured before and after the intervention.RESULTS:Scraping therapy caused a significant increase in weightlifting ability(P<0.05).The level of rating perceived exertion remained stable with the increase in the training volume.Immuno-globulinA was significantly increased(P<0.05),and creatine kinase and blood urea nitrogen were significantly decreased(P<0.05).No significant changes were observed in white blood cell,neutrophil,and testosterone.CONCLUSION:Scraping therapy may facilitate weightlifting ability mainly by decreasing weight sensation and improving serum biochemical parameters.
文摘Purpose: The purpose of this study was to propose and test a conceptual model that explains the interrelationships among perceived social support, loneliness, physical activity(PA), and quality of life(QoL) among active older adults in South Korea.Methods: Data were collected from 332 individuals over the age of 65 using a systematic stratified convenience sampling method. Survey data were collected and analyzed using a structural equation model(SEM).Results: Perceived social support had a significantly positive effect on PA(b = 0.14, p < 0.01) and QoL(b = 0.28, p < 0.001) while decreasing loneliness(b = —0.55, p < 0.001). PA had a significant positive effect on QoL(b = 0.12, p < 0.01), and loneliness had a negative effect on QoL(b = —0.37, p < 0.001). Loneliness mediated the relationship between perceived social support and QoL.Conclusion: The SEM results of the current study support the proposed model that explained the interrelationships among perceived social support, loneliness, PA, and QoL among active older adults in South Korea. These findings suggest the importance of incorporating social support mechanisms for PA interventions in order to enhance QoL. The findings of this study can help create more effective health and physical education programs for the older generations in South Korea to enhance their QoL.
文摘目的:编制中学生领悟教师情感支持问卷(Middle School Student Perceived Teachers’Emotional Support Questionnaire),并检验其信效度。方法:通过文献检索、访谈、开放性问卷调查形成问卷的初始项目。对450名中学生进行预测并根据结果对问卷进行修订。对1200名中学生进行正式施测,得到有效问卷1028份,随机分为两部分,一部分用于探索性因素分析(n=514),一部分用于验证性因素分析(n=514)。采用学业自我效能感问卷、学习倦怠问卷、个人取向成就动机量表(内部动机)进行效标效度检验。选取63名中学生间隔4周进行重测以检验重测信度。结果:中学生领悟教师情感支持问卷包含18个项目,由关心学生、理解学生、尊重学生、鼓励学生4个维度构成,共解释总变异的68.52%,验证性因素分析显示问卷具有良好的结构效度(χ~2/df=3.36,GFI=0.91,NFI=0.91,CFI=0.93,TLI=0.93,IFI=0.92,RMSEA=0.07)。问卷总分及4个维度得分与学业自我效能感问卷总分正相关(r=0.31~0.42,均P<0.01),与个人取向成就动机量表(内部动机)总分正相关(r=0.29~0.36,均P<0.01),与学习倦怠问卷总分负相关(r=-0.36^-0.44,均P<0.01)。总问卷的Cronbachα系数为0.93,4个维度的Cronbachα系数为0.82~0.86;总问卷的重测信度为0.86,4个维度的重测信度为0.65~0.73。结论:本研究编制的中学生领悟教师情感支持问卷信效度良好,符合心理测量学要求,可用于相关的研究和实践中。
文摘Recent progress in deep learning is essentially based on a“big data for small tasks”paradigm,under which massive amounts of data are used to train a classifier for a single narrow task.In this paper,we call for a shift that flips this paradigm upside down.Specifically,we propose a“small data for big tasks”paradigm,wherein a single artificial intelligence(AI)system is challenged to develop“common sense,”enabling it to solve a wide range of tasks with little training data.We illustrate the potential power of this new paradigm by reviewing models of common sense that synthesize recent breakthroughs in both machine and human vision.We identify functionality,physics,intent,causality,and utility(FPICU)as the five core domains of cognitive AI with humanlike common sense.When taken as a unified concept,FPICU is concerned with the questions of“why”and“how,”beyond the dominant“what”and“where”framework for understanding vision.They are invisible in terms of pixels but nevertheless drive the creation,maintenance,and development of visual scenes.We therefore coin them the“dark matter”of vision.Just as our universe cannot be understood by merely studying observable matter,we argue that vision cannot be understood without studying FPICU.We demonstrate the power of this perspective to develop cognitive AI systems with humanlike common sense by showing how to observe and apply FPICU with little training data to solve a wide range of challenging tasks,including tool use,planning,utility inference,and social learning.In summary,we argue that the next generation of AI must embrace“dark”humanlike common sense for solving novel tasks.
文摘Background: There is growing evidence suggesting that those who suffer traumatic injury display high levels of perceived injustice which impedes their recovery, both physically and mentally. Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to examine the association between perceived injustice and pain-related, mental health and functional outcomes in patients who have suffered a traumatic injury. Methods: In May 2023, a systematic review of the literature was performed on the electronic databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews. Papers were collected and analysed as per PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. The outcomes of interest were pain intensity, pain interference, disability, depression, anxiety, and quality of life. The initial search identified 59 papers. Of these papers, five studies met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently analysed (N = 1172). Each of the papers was published in peer-reviewed journals in the English language. Individuals with pain or pathology prior to the trauma and those who were not hospitalised following the trauma were excluded from the study. Results: Of the papers reviewed, each study indicated significant associations between perceived injustice and pain, disability, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as reduced return to work status. Conclusion: This systematic review investigated the relationship between perceived injustice and pain-related, mental health, and functional outcomes in trauma patients. The results highlight the negative role that perceived injustice has on recovery following traumatic injury. Further, it provokes the need for future research regarding the implementation of therapeutic interventions and the development of predictive models of injustice.
