The triangulation of red sprites was obtained, based on concurrent observations over a mesoscale convective system(MCS) in North China from two stations separated by about 450 km. In addition, broadband sferics from t...The triangulation of red sprites was obtained, based on concurrent observations over a mesoscale convective system(MCS) in North China from two stations separated by about 450 km. In addition, broadband sferics from the sprite-producing lightning were measured at five ground stations, making it possible to locate and identify the individual causative lightning discharges for different elements in this dancing sprite event. The results of our analyses indicate that the sprites were produced above the trailing stratiform region of the MCS, and their parent strokes were located mainly in the peripheral area of the stratiform. The lateral offset between sprites and causative strokes ranges from a few km to more than 50 km. In a particularly bright sprite, with a distinct halo feature and streamers descending down to an altitude of approximately 48 km, the sprite current signal identified in the electric sferic, measured at a range of about 1,110 km, peaked at approximately 1 ms after the return stroke.展开更多
A set of absorption curves was priorly prepared on transparent films to fit the background and peak intensities in continuous scanning X-ray stress measurement.It may be better to correct both background and absorptio...A set of absorption curves was priorly prepared on transparent films to fit the background and peak intensities in continuous scanning X-ray stress measurement.It may be better to correct both background and absorption of pure diffraction intensity.Experimental results revealed this to be a reliable correction method.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program (2017YFC1501501)National Natural Science Foundation of China (41574179, 41875006)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation for Excellent Youth of China (41622501)"The Hundred Talents Program" of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2013068)supported by funding from the NOAA Office of Global Programs for the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP)by NASA via the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)supported by NASA's HQ Earth S cience Data Systems (ESDS) Program
文摘The triangulation of red sprites was obtained, based on concurrent observations over a mesoscale convective system(MCS) in North China from two stations separated by about 450 km. In addition, broadband sferics from the sprite-producing lightning were measured at five ground stations, making it possible to locate and identify the individual causative lightning discharges for different elements in this dancing sprite event. The results of our analyses indicate that the sprites were produced above the trailing stratiform region of the MCS, and their parent strokes were located mainly in the peripheral area of the stratiform. The lateral offset between sprites and causative strokes ranges from a few km to more than 50 km. In a particularly bright sprite, with a distinct halo feature and streamers descending down to an altitude of approximately 48 km, the sprite current signal identified in the electric sferic, measured at a range of about 1,110 km, peaked at approximately 1 ms after the return stroke.
文摘A set of absorption curves was priorly prepared on transparent films to fit the background and peak intensities in continuous scanning X-ray stress measurement.It may be better to correct both background and absorption of pure diffraction intensity.Experimental results revealed this to be a reliable correction method.
